{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T03:33:36Z","timestamp":1780544016060,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201607720029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201607720029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicology in Vitro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T21:37:39Z","timestamp":1590097059000},"page":"104891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluation of in vitro models of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes to screen for potential cardiotoxicity of chemicals"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Miaoying","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen T.","family":"Tien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"de Haan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochem","family":"Louisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivonne M.C.M.","family":"Rietjens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Bouwmeester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01623.x","article-title":"Dynamic monitoring of beating periodicity of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes as a predictive tool for preclinical safety assessment","volume":"165","author":"Abassi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.124608","article-title":"Understanding the cardiac toxicity of the anthropogenic pollutant phenanthrene on the freshwater indicator species, the brown trout (Salmo trutta): from whole heart to cardiomyocytes","volume":"239","author":"Ainerua","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2000.00243.x","article-title":"The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral dofetilide after twice daily and three times daily dosing","volume":"50","author":"Allen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2016.12.003","article-title":"A new paradigm for drug-induced torsadogenic risk assessment using human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes","volume":"84","author":"Ando","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(18)33857-8","article-title":"Plasma protein binding of digitoxin and digoxin in several mammalian species","volume":"15","author":"Baggoi","year":"1973","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1504\/IJRAM.2005.007176","article-title":"Incorporating uncertainty and variability in the assessment of occupational hazards","volume":"5","author":"Bailer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Risk Assess. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2009.06.019","article-title":"The cardiac pacemaker current","volume":"48","author":"Baruscotti","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2005.pto960306.x","article-title":"The use of in vitro data in risk assessment","volume":"96","author":"Bernauer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Basic & Clin. Pharmacol. & Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/415198a","article-title":"Cardiac excitation\u2013contraction coupling","volume":"415","author":"Bers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(99)00038-3","article-title":"Ca channels in cardiac myocytes: structure and function in ca influx and intracellular ca release","volume":"42","author":"Bers","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.2307\/2533961","article-title":"Model selection: an integral part of inference","volume":"53","author":"Buckland","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0065","series-title":"Stem Cell Genetics for Biomedical Research (173-194)","article-title":"Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in the evaluation of cardiotoxic potential of drugs","author":"Chang","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfu084","article-title":"High-throughput multi-parameter profiling of electrophysiological drug effects in human embryonic stem cell derived cardiomyocytes using multi-electrode arrays","volume":"140","author":"Clements","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0075","first-page":"H372","article-title":"Correlation of repolarization of ventricular monophasic action potential with ECG in the murine heart","volume":"283","author":"Danik","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Heart Circ. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0080","first-page":"297","article-title":"Relation between myocardial amiodarone concentration and QT interval","volume":"49","author":"Debbas","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0085","series-title":"Current Topics in Membranes (287-311)","article-title":"Cardiac Na channels: structure to function","author":"DeMarco","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1067\/mcp.2000.111482","article-title":"Effect of a single oral dose of moxifloxacin (400 mg and 800 mg) on ventricular repolarization in healthy subjects","volume":"68","author":"D\u00e9molis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0095","first-page":"223","article-title":"Cardiomyocytes from human embryonic stem cells as predictors of cardiotoxicity","volume":"5","author":"Denning","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Discovery Today: Therapeutic Strategies"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1984.tb05622.x","article-title":"Right ventricular monophasic action potentials in healthy young men","volume":"7","author":"Edvardsson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22164","article-title":"Prospects for pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in cardiac cell therapy and as disease models","volume":"107","author":"Freund","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kft205","article-title":"Refining the human iPSC-cardiomyocyte arrhythmic risk assessment model","volume":"136","author":"Guo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1159\/000074542","article-title":"Estimation of action potential changes from field potential recordings in multicellular mouse cardiac myocyte cultures","volume":"13","author":"Halbach","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kft113","article-title":"Comparison of electrophysiological data from human-induced pluripotent stem cell\u2013derived cardiomyocytes to functional preclinical safety assays","volume":"134","author":"Harris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2010.12.004","article-title":"Translation of flecainide-and mexiletine-induced cardiac sodium channel inhibition and ventricular conduction slowing from nonclinical models to clinical","volume":"63","author":"Heath","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2013.05.005","article-title":"Drug-induced functional cardiotoxicity screening in stem cell-derived human and mouse cardiomyocytes: effects of reference compounds","volume":"68","author":"Himmel","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)07470-7","article-title":"Comparative kinetics of sematilide in four species","volume":"21","author":"Hinderling","year":"1993","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00007.2016","article-title":"Murine electrophysiological models of cardiac arrhythmogenesis","volume":"97","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6500","DOI":"10.1039\/C5AN01144B","article-title":"Optical microscopy imaging for the diagnosis of the pharmacological reaction of mouse embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (mESC-CMs)","volume":"140","author":"Ikeuchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248417729880","article-title":"Cardiac potassium channels: physiological insights for targeted therapy","volume":"23","author":"Jeevaratnam","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1089\/adt.2011.0396","article-title":"Impedance-based detection of beating rhythm and proarrhythmic effects of compounds on stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes","volume":"9","author":"Jonsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Assay and Drug Develop. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00345","article-title":"Cardiac electrophysiology in mice: a matter of size","volume":"3","author":"Kaese","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2017.07.018","article-title":"Prenatal developmental toxicity testing of petroleum substances: application of the mouse embryonic stem cell test (EST) to compare in vitro potencies with potencies observed in vivo","volume":"44","author":"Kamelia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol. in Vitro"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.305365","article-title":"Human induced pluripotent stem cell\u2013derived cardiomyocytes: insights into molecular, cellular, and functional phenotypes","volume":"117","author":"Karakikes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1978.tb00836.x","article-title":"Plasma protein binding of propranolol and isoprenaline in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism","volume":"6","author":"Kelly","year":"1978","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2008.06.011","article-title":"Preclinical assessment of cardiac toxicity","volume":"13","author":"Kettenhofen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2015.12.002","article-title":"CSAHi study: evaluation of multi-electrode array in combination with human ips cell-derived cardiomyocytes to predict drug-induced QT prolongation and arrhythmia\u2014effects of 7 reference compounds at 10 facilities","volume":"78","author":"Kitaguchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2017.02.001","article-title":"CSAHi study: detection of drug-induced ion channel\/receptor responses, QT prolongation, and arrhythmia using multi-electrode arrays in combination with human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes","volume":"85","author":"Kitaguchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-1451fje","article-title":"Identification and characterization of embryonic stem cell-derived pacemaker and atrial cardiomyocytes","volume":"19","author":"Kolossov","year":"2005","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1038\/srep02100","article-title":"Mice models: superior to the hERG model in predicting torsade de pointes","volume":"3","author":"Kramer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0210","first-page":"212","article-title":"Comparative studies on dialysance and renal clearance of various cardiac glycosides. Proc. Europ. Dial. Transpl","volume":"7","author":"Kramer","year":"1970","journal-title":"Ass, Pitman & Medical"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NP00014F","article-title":"Natural products modulating the hERG channel: heartaches and hope","volume":"34","author":"Kratz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2015.12.013","article-title":"Methods for in vitro functional analysis of ipsc derived cardiomyocytes\u2014special focus on analyzing the mechanical beating behavior","volume":"1863","author":"Laurila","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Cell Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2117","article-title":"Techniques for the induction of human pluripotent stem cell differentiation towards cardiomyocytes","volume":"11","author":"Lewandowski","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.78.4.689","article-title":"Evidence for two components of delayed rectifier K+ current in human ventricular myocytes","volume":"78","author":"Li","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-015-1651-1","article-title":"Cardiotoxicity screening: a review of rapid-throughput in vitro approaches","volume":"90","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2867","DOI":"10.1021\/jm0200409","article-title":"Prediction of volume of distribution values in humans for neutral and basic drugs using physicochemical measurements and plasma protein binding data","volume":"45","author":"Lombardo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0250","first-page":"H2006","article-title":"High purity human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes: electrophysiological properties of action potentials and ionic currents","volume":"301","author":"Ma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Heart Circ. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.75.2.233","article-title":"Cardiomyocytes differentiated in vitro from embryonic stem cells developmentally express cardiac-specific genes and ionic currents","volume":"75","author":"Maltsev","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2003.12.006","article-title":"Studying cardiac arrhythmias in the mouse\u2014a reasonable model for probing mechanisms?","volume":"14","author":"Nerbonne","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends in Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2014.11.010","article-title":"In vitro detection of cardiotoxins or neurotoxins affecting ion channels or pumps using beating cardiomyocytes as alternative for animal testing","volume":"29","author":"Nicolas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol. in Vitro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2016.02.007","article-title":"CSAHi study: validation of multi-electrode array systems (MEA60\/2100) for prediction of drug-induced proarrhythmia using human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes-assessment of inter-facility and cells lot-to-lot-variability","volume":"77","author":"Nozaki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2017.06.006","volume":"88","author":"Nozaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.119.315378","article-title":"Workshop report: FDA workshop on improving Cardiotoxicity assessment with human-relevant platforms","volume":"125","author":"Pang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21020657","article-title":"The emergence of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived Cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) as a platform to model Arrhythmogenic diseases","volume":"21","author":"Pourrier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2194","article-title":"Embryonic stem cells as a source of models for drug discovery","volume":"6","author":"Pouton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1080\/19336950.2015.1076597","article-title":"Cardiac ion channels","volume":"9","author":"Priest","year":"2015","journal-title":"Channels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(02)00846-5","article-title":"Relationships between preclinical cardiac electrophysiology, clinical QT interval prolongation and torsade de pointes for a broad range of drugs: evidence for a provisional safety margin in drug development","volume":"58","author":"Redfern","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2634","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18122634","article-title":"Frequency-dependent multi-well cardiotoxicity screening enabled by optogenetic stimulation","volume":"18","author":"Rehnelt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2015.12.014","article-title":"Cardiac voltage-gated calcium channel macromolecular complexes","author":"Rougier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Cell Research 1863"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(07)80017-2","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of the use-dependent QRS prolongation and the reverse use-dependent QT prolongation of class I and class III antiarrhythmic agents and their value in predicting efficacy","volume":"126","author":"Sadanaga","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0320","article-title":"Electrophysiological analysis of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) using multi-electrode arrays (MEAs)","volume":"123","author":"Sala","year":"2017","journal-title":"JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0325","series-title":"Modern Pacemakers-present and Future (595-610). IntechOpen","article-title":"The funny current in cardiac non-pacemaker cells: functional role and pharmacological modulation","author":"Sartiani","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(02)00767-8","article-title":"The Na, K-ATPase in the failing human heart","volume":"57","author":"Schwinger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2011.348","article-title":"The validated embryonic stem cell test to predict embryotoxicity in vitro","volume":"6","author":"Seiler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2000.01320.x","article-title":"Effect of sodium channel blockers on st segment, QRS duration, and corrected QT interval in patients with brugada syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Shimizu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2008.11.009","article-title":"The future of drug safety testing: expanding the view and narrowing the focus","volume":"14","author":"Stevens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2003.12.026","article-title":"Pharmacology of cardiac potassium channels","volume":"62","author":"Tamargo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1067\/mcp.2002.125946","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and electrocardiographic effects of a new controlled-release form of flecainide acetate: comparison with the standard form and influence of the CYP2D6 polymorphism","volume":"72","author":"Tennez\u00e9","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. & Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.01.151","article-title":"Interpretation of field potentials measured on a multi electrode array in pharmacological toxicity screening on primary and human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes","volume":"497","author":"Tertoolen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.003264","article-title":"Which QT correction formulae to use for QT monitoring?","volume":"5","author":"Vandenberk","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.2007.00920.x","article-title":"Properties of model-averaged bmdls: a study of model averaging in dichotomous response risk estimation","volume":"27","author":"Wheeler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Risk Analysis: An International Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-0436.1991.tb00255.x","article-title":"Pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells are able to differentiate into cardiomyocytes expressing chronotropic responses to adrenergic and cholinergic agents and Ca2+ channel blockers","volume":"48","author":"Wobus","year":"1991","journal-title":"Differentiation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.113.5.661","article-title":"Four kinetically distinct depolarization-activated K+ currents in adult mouse ventricular myocytes","volume":"113","author":"Xu","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. General Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0390","first-page":"H491","article-title":"Regional upregulation of Kv2. 1-encoded current, Ik, slow2, in Kv1DN mice is abolished by crossbreeding with Kv2DN mice","volume":"284","author":"Zhou","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Heart Circ. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2019.09.007","article-title":"Cardiotoxicity screening of illicit drugs and new psychoactive substances (NPS) in human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes using microelectrode array (MEA) recordings","volume":"136","author":"Zwartsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."}],"container-title":["Toxicology in Vitro"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0887233320304410?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0887233320304410?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T19:08:14Z","timestamp":1777576094000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0887233320304410"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":75,"alternative-id":["S0887233320304410"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891","relation":{},"ISSN":["0887-2333"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0887-2333","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of in vitro models of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes to screen for potential cardiotoxicity of chemicals","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicology in Vitro","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104891","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104891"}}