{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T20:12:04Z","timestamp":1786997524758,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T02:03:05Z","timestamp":1695952985000},"page":"3506-3520","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["APOE-Genotype and Insulin Modulate Estimated Effect of Dietary Macronutrients on Cognitive Performance: Panel Analyses in Nondiabetic Older Adults at Risk of Dementia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"153","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1352-9256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob","family":"Norgren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shireen","family":"Sindi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Matton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miia","family":"Kivipelto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingemar","family":"K\u00e5reholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10248","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6","article-title":"Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission","volume":"396","author":"Livingston","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30338-7","article-title":"Nutrition and prevention of cognitive impairment","volume":"17","author":"Scarmeas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib3","series-title":"WHO Guidelines Approved by the Guidelines Review Committee. Risk Reduction of Cognitive Decline and Dementia: WHO Guidelines","year":"2019"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4642","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10204642","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease, mild cognitive impairment and Mediterranean diet. A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Garc\u00eda-Casares","year":"2021","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9111226","article-title":"Transferability of the Mediterranean diet to non-Mediterranean countries. What is and what is not the Mediterranean diet","volume":"9","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqx070","article-title":"Effect of the Mediterranean diet on cognition and brain morphology and function: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"107","author":"Radd-Vagenas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.1668","article-title":"Mediterranean diet and age-related cognitive decline: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"175","author":"Valls-Pedret","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib8","series-title":"Nordic nutrition recommendations 2023: integrating environmental aspects","author":"Blomhoff","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2019.09.015","article-title":"Modified ketogenic diet is associated with improved cerebrospinal fluid biomarker profile, cerebral perfusion, and cerebral ketone body uptake in older adults at risk for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a pilot study","volume":"86","author":"Neth","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2023.100096","article-title":"The dietary carbohydrate\/fat-ratio and cognitive performance: panel analyses in older adults at risk for dementia","volume":"7","author":"Norgren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Dev. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2017.06.002","article-title":"Evolution of human apolipoprotein E (APOE) isoforms: gene structure, protein function and interaction with dietary factors","volume":"37","author":"Huebbe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e427","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005911","article-title":"Low fasting serum insulin and dementia in nondiabetic women followed for 34 years","volume":"91","author":"Mehlig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041362","article-title":"Precision nutrition for Alzheimer\u2019s prevention in ApoE4 carriers","volume":"13","author":"Norwitz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0694-180","article-title":"Protective effect of apolipoprotein E type 2 allele for late onset Alzheimer disease","volume":"7","author":"Corder","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"5123","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8346443","article-title":"Gene dose of apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease in late onset families","volume":"261","author":"Corder","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.01.056","article-title":"A\u00a0quarter century of APOE and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: progress to date and the path forward","volume":"101","author":"Belloy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550160069041","article-title":"Effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on the association between apolipoprotein E genotype and Alzheimer disease. A meta-analysis. APOE and Alzheimer disease meta analysis consortium","volume":"278","author":"Farrer","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12534","article-title":"Identifying differential regulatory control of APOE \u03f54 on African versus European haplotypes as potential therapeutic targets","volume":"18","author":"Nuytemans","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007791","article-title":"Ancestral origin of ApoE \u03b54 Alzheimer disease risk in Puerto Rican and African American populations","volume":"14","author":"Rajabli","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gly226","article-title":"The ApoE \u03b54 isoform: can the risk of diseases be reduced by environmental factors?","volume":"74","author":"Bos","year":"2019","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gerontol. A. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-013-9272-x","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E, gender, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an overlooked, but potent and promising interaction","volume":"8","author":"Ungar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain. Imaging. Behav."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12279","article-title":"Sex differences in dementia and response to a lifestyle intervention: evidence from Nordic population-based studies and a prevention trial","volume":"17","author":"Sindi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.3390\/genes10030222","article-title":"The genetic variability of APOE in different human populations and its implications for longevity","volume":"10","author":"Abondio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genes. (Basel)."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2009.02.003","article-title":"The effects of apolipoprotein E on non-impaired cognitive functioning: a meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Wisdom","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170148","article-title":"Effect of APOE \u03b54 genotype on metabolic biomarkers in aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"58","author":"Morris","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02548-2","article-title":"Insulin-degrading enzyme higher in subjects with metabolic syndrome","volume":"71","author":"Sofer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-1507","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Insulin resistance predicts medial temporal hypermetabolism in mild cognitive impairment conversion to Alzheimer disease","volume":"64","author":"Willette","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000129989.28404.9B","article-title":"Fasting insulin and incident dementia in an elderly population of Japanese-American men","volume":"63","author":"Peila","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.06.011","article-title":"Insulin is differentially related to cognitive decline and atrophy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and aging","volume":"1822","author":"Burns","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665112000249","article-title":"ApoE genotype: from geographic distribution to function and responsiveness to dietary factors","volume":"71","author":"Egert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1086\/381662","article-title":"Meat-adaptive genes and the evolution of slower aging in humans","volume":"79","author":"Finch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Q.\u00a0Rev. Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.028","article-title":"High carbohydrate diets and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"62","author":"Henderson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-200202000-00005","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E and diets: a case of gene-nutrient interaction?","volume":"13","author":"Rubin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Lipidol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.00150","article-title":"APOE alleles and diet in brain aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"12","author":"Yassine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2012-120697","article-title":"Combination of apolipoprotein E4 and high carbohydrate diet reduces hippocampal BDNF and arc levels and impairs memory in young mice","volume":"32","author":"Maioli","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2018.304337","article-title":"The C-word: scientific euphemisms do not improve causal inference from observational data","volume":"108","author":"Hern\u00e1n","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health."},{"issue":"9984","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60461-5","article-title":"A\u00a02 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"385","author":"Ngandu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.09.012","article-title":"The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER): study design and progress","volume":"9","author":"Kivipelto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1080\/1102680410003794","article-title":"Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2004 - integrating nutrition and physical activity","volume":"48","author":"Becker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114517001982","article-title":"Nutrient intake and dietary changes during a 2-year multi-domain lifestyle intervention among older adults: secondary analysis of the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) randomised controlled trial","volume":"118","author":"Lehtisalo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002036","article-title":"Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology-nutritional epidemiology (STROBE-nut): an extension of the STROBE statement","volume":"13","author":"Lachat","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9345","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110909345","article-title":"Recruitment and baseline characteristics of participants in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER)-a randomized controlled lifestyle trial","volume":"11","author":"Ngandu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2018.31","article-title":"Psychometric evaluation of the neuropsychological test battery in individuals with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, or mild to moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease: results from a longitudinal study","volume":"5","author":"Harrison","year":"2018","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Prev. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e97","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2021.93","article-title":"Log-ratio transformations for dietary compositions: numerical and conceptual questions","volume":"10","author":"Corr\u00eaa Leite","year":"2021","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Nutr. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14071347","article-title":"Disparities in nutritional adequacy of diets between different socioeconomic groups of Finnish adults","volume":"14","author":"Valsta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12040943","article-title":"Replacing animal-based proteins with plant-based proteins changes the composition of a whole Nordic diet-A randomised clinical trial in healthy Finnish adults","volume":"12","author":"P\u00e4iv\u00e4rinta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170092","article-title":"Associations of CAIDE Dementia Risk Score with MRI, PIB-PET measures, and cognition","volume":"59","author":"Stephen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2015.08.003","article-title":"Biomarkers of cholesterol homeostasis in a clinical laboratory database sample comprising 667,718 patients","volume":"9","author":"Dayspring","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Lipidol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-200145","article-title":"Association of peripheral insulin resistance and other markers of type 2 diabetes mellitus with brain amyloid deposition in healthy individuals at risk of dementia","volume":"76","author":"Pekkala","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.6.1487","article-title":"Use and abuse of HOMA modeling","volume":"27","author":"Wallace","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyt221","article-title":"Fixed effects analysis of repeated measures data","volume":"43","author":"Gunasekara","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2008.11.006","article-title":"A\u00a0simple method for distinguishing within- versus between-subject effects using mixed models","volume":"77","author":"van de Pol","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib53","series-title":"The impact of macronutritional composition and ketosis on cognitive health: from normal aging to Alzheimer\u2019s disease","author":"Norgren","year":"2023"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab169","article-title":"What would the trial be? Emulating randomized dietary intervention trials to estimate causal effects with observational data","volume":"114","author":"Tobias","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00513","article-title":"Simpson\u2019s paradox in psychological science: a practical guide","volume":"4","author":"Kievit","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124114547769","article-title":"What you can\u2014and can\u2019t\u2014do with three-wave panel data","volume":"46","author":"Vaisey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sociol. Methods Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab223","article-title":"A\u00a0guide for authors and readers of the American Society for Nutrition Journals on the proper use of P values and strategies that promote transparency and improve research reproducibility","volume":"114","author":"Sorkin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.08.028","article-title":"Causal analyses of existing databases: no power calculations required","volume":"144","author":"Hern\u00e1n","year":"2022","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1080\/03014460600594513","article-title":"APOE distribution in world populations with new data from India and the UK","volume":"33","author":"Singh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Hum. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21298","article-title":"Worldwide allele frequencies of the human apolipoprotein E gene: climate, local adaptations, and evolutionary history","volume":"143","author":"Eisenberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-011-0771-1","article-title":"Nrf2-dependent gene expression is affected by the proatherogenic apoE4 genotype-studies in targeted gene replacement mice","volume":"89","author":"Graeser","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Mol. Med. (Berl)."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415X.2018.1547857","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E genotype moderates the association between dietary polyunsaturated fat and brain function: an exploration of cerebral glutamate and cognitive performance","volume":"23","author":"Oleson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150273","article-title":"Differential effects of meal challenges on cognition, metabolism, and biomarkers for apolipoprotein E \u03f54 carriers and adults with mild cognitive impairment","volume":"48","author":"Hanson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2005.01.004","article-title":"Insulin, insulin-degrading enzyme and amyloid-beta peptide in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: review and hypothesis","volume":"27","author":"Qiu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.009","article-title":"Prevalence of the apolipoprotein E \u03b54 allele in amyloid beta positive subjects across the spectrum of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Mattsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6665","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2262-17.2018","article-title":"Human ApoE isoforms differentially modulate brain glucose and ketone body metabolism: implications for Alzheimer\u2019s disease risk reduction and early intervention","volume":"38","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047760","article-title":"The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene appears functionally monomorphic in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)","volume":"7","author":"McIntosh","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)34247-4","article-title":"Plasma and hepatic apoE isoproteins of nonhuman primates. Differences in apoE among humans, apes, and New and Old World monkeys","volume":"26","author":"Zannis","year":"1985","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Lipid. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib69","unstructured":"National Research Council, Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates, Second Revised ed., Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2003."},{"issue":"Suppl 72","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.24247","article-title":"The evolution of the human trophic level during the Pleistocene","volume":"175","author":"Ben-Dor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab028","article-title":"Meat consumption and risk of incident dementia: cohort study of 493,888 UK Biobank participants","volume":"114","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2531","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-022-02834-x","article-title":"Associations of dairy, meat, and fish intakes with risk of incident dementia and with cognitive performance: the Kuopio ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD)","volume":"61","author":"Ylilauri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0000000000000566","article-title":"Effects of apolipoprotein E on nutritional metabolism in dementia","volume":"30","author":"Farmer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Lipidol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.03.004","article-title":"Interaction between APOE \u03b54 and dietary protein intake on cognitive decline: A longitudinal cohort study","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1998.0285","article-title":"Grandmothering and the evolution of Homo erectus","volume":"36","author":"O\u2019Connell","year":"1999","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx206","article-title":"Collider scope: when selection bias can substantially influence observed associations","volume":"47","author":"Munaf\u00f2","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"10170","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31788-4","article-title":"Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems","volume":"393","author":"Willett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11081910","article-title":"Dietary Neuroketotherapeutics for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an evidence update and the potential role for diet quality","volume":"11","author":"Taylor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e749","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(22)00123-1","article-title":"The EAT\u2013Lancet reference diet and cognitive function across the life course","volume":"6","author":"Dalile","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1159\/000220822","article-title":"Dietary fat intake--a global perspective","volume":"54","author":"Elmadfa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Nutr. Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/s10038-022-01050-z","article-title":"Genetics of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an East Asian perspective","volume":"68","author":"Miyashita","year":"2023","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Genet."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316623726114?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316623726114?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T05:45:31Z","timestamp":1758347131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022316623726114"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022316623726114"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"APOE-Genotype and Insulin Modulate Estimated Effect of Dietary Macronutrients on Cognitive Performance: Panel Analyses in Nondiabetic Older Adults at Risk of Dementia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Nutrition.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}