{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T22:23:37Z","timestamp":1780611817332,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T11:27:28Z","timestamp":1748863648000},"page":"2236-2243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["High Plasma 18\u03b2-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Levels Are Associated With More Intensive Antihypertensive Treatment, Resistant Hypertension and Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"155","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5297-9483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob L","family":"Wetche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne V","family":"Schmedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amalie","family":"Sj\u00f8gren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne L","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Line H","family":"Fly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonna S","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva RB","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"H\u00f8jlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parmida","family":"Asyaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob V","family":"Stidsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas B","family":"Olesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2017.45","article-title":"The association between consistent licorice ingestion, hypertension and hypokalaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Penninkilampi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hum. Hypertens."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.3390\/foods8100495","article-title":"Bioactive candy: effects of licorice on the cardiovascular system","volume":"8","author":"Deutch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2024.01.011","article-title":"A low dose of daily licorice intake affects renin, aldosterone, and home blood pressure in a randomized crossover trial","volume":"119","author":"af Geijerstam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1177\/2042018812454322","article-title":"Licorice abuse: time to send a warning message","volume":"3","author":"Omar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-018-2419-y","article-title":"Use of alternative medicine, ginger and licorice among Danish pregnant women \u2013 a prospective cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Volqvartz","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Altern. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.58.554","article-title":"Sweetness of glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-beta-D-monoglucuronide and the related glycosides","volume":"58","author":"Mizutani","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"issue":"A","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2016.03.010","article-title":"Apparent mineralocorticoid excess","volume":"165","author":"Funder","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003480","article-title":"ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension","volume":"41","author":"Mancia","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib9","first-page":"1","article-title":"World Health Organization, Evaluation of certain food additives, World Health Organ","volume":"928","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tech. Rep. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib10","series-title":"Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Food on glycyrrhitinic acid and its ammonium salt","year":"2003"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001215","article-title":"Liquorice-induced rise in blood pressure: a linear dose-response relationship","volume":"15","author":"Sigurj\u00f3nsd\u00f3ttir","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Hum. Hypertens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2022.109322","article-title":"Glycyrrhizinic acid in licorice products on the Danish market","volume":"143","author":"Ballin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1081\/DMR-100104400","article-title":"The pharmacokinetics of glycyrrhizic acid evaluated by physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling","volume":"33","author":"Ploeger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s11418-021-01484-3","article-title":"Exploration for the real causative agents of licorice-induced pseudoaldosteronism","volume":"75","author":"Makino","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nat. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E924","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz315","article-title":"Classic and nonclassic apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome","volume":"105","author":"Carvaja","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1212128","article-title":"Administration of glycyrrhetinic acid: significant correlation between serum levels and the cortisol\/cortisone-ratio in serum and urine","volume":"107","author":"Heilmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.2000.9078","article-title":"A population physiologically based pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic model for the inhibition of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity by glycyrrhetic acid","volume":"170","author":"Ploeger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-017493","article-title":"Protocol for the specialist supervised individualised multifactorial treatment of new clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes in general practice (IDA): a prospective controlled multicentre open-label intervention study","volume":"7","author":"Stidsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S30838","article-title":"The Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes, The Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes (DD2) study: implementation of a nationwide patient enrollment system","volume":"4","author":"Nielsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib20","article-title":"Optimal duration of unattended automatic blood pressure measurements in subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes","volume":"39","author":"Olesen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-4708.72226","article-title":"Bioanalytical method validation: an updated review","volume":"1","author":"Tiwari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharm. Methods."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.4032","article-title":"A highly sensitive LC\u2013MS\/MS method for simultaneous determination of glycyrrhizin and its active metabolite glycyrrhetinic acid: application to a human pharmacokinetic study after oral administration","volume":"31","author":"Suzuki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib23","unstructured":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, Daily defined dose: definition and general considerations, http:\/\/www.whocc.no\/ddd\/definition_and_general_considera\/Accessed; April 2025."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2911","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2165","article-title":"Adjusting for treatment effects in studies of quantitative traits: antihypertensive therapy and systolic blood pressure","volume":"24","author":"Tobin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.2337\/ds17-0085","article-title":"Hypertension management in diabetes: 2018 update","volume":"31","author":"Passarella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Spectr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2005.10.047","article-title":"Determination of glycyrrhetic acid in human plasma by LC-ESI-MS","volume":"40","author":"Ding","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2008.00899.x","article-title":"Determination of glycyrrhetic acid in human plasma by HPLC-MS method and investigation of its pharmacokinetics","volume":"33","author":"Zhao","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharm. Ther."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3952","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.24596","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic profiles of active components after oral administration of a Kampo medicine, shakuyakukanzoto, to healthy adult Japanese volunteers","volume":"104","author":"Sadakane","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.4774","article-title":"LC\u2013MS\/MS analysis of puerarin and 18\u03b2-glycyrrhetinic acid in human plasma after oral administration of Samso-eum and its application to pharmacokinetic study","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib30","first-page":"135","article-title":"11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and the syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess","volume":"18","author":"White","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1191\/096032700682694251","article-title":"Glycyrrhizic acid: the assessment of a no effect level","volume":"19","author":"van Gelderen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001504","article-title":"Subjects with essential hypertension are more sensitive to the inhibition of 11\u03b2-HSD by liquorice","volume":"17","author":"Sigurjonsdottir","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Hum. Hypertens."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S119","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2012.671538","article-title":"Pathophysiology of salt sensitivity hypertension","volume":"44","author":"Ando","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08966","article-title":"Renal dysfunction induced by kidney-specific gene deletion of Hsd11b2 as a primary cause of salt-dependent hypertension","volume":"70","author":"Ueda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib35","first-page":"154","article-title":"Salt and hypertension in diabetes, Diabetol","volume":"8","author":"Uzu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2016.145","article-title":"The impact of insulin resistance on the kidney and vasculature","volume":"12","author":"Artunc","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007661209921","article-title":"A human physiologically-based model for glycyrrhzic acid, a compound subject to presystemic metabolism and enterohepatic cycling","volume":"17","author":"Ploeger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316625003311?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316625003311?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T11:04:56Z","timestamp":1760007896000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022316625003311"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022316625003311"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"High Plasma 18\u03b2-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Levels Are Associated With More Intensive Antihypertensive Treatment, Resistant Hypertension and Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjnut.2025.05.048","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}