{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T17:28:32Z","timestamp":1776187712230,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WI1022808"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WI1022808"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022-09450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-09450"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T16:47:58Z","timestamp":1772038078000},"page":"101440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhanced Calcium Intake Increases Bone Mineral Density on the Background of Vitamin A Toxicity in a Swine Model"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"156","author":[{"given":"Cacious B","family":"Phiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher R","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Rodriguez-Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan M","family":"Gannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie A","family":"Howe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brittney P","family":"Kokinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas D","family":"Crenshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7022-1760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherry A","family":"Tanumihardjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib1","series-title":"Global prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in populations at risk 1995-2005: Global Database on Vitamin A Deficiency","year":"2009"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib2","first-page":"71","article-title":"Vitamin A functions, dietary requirements and safety in humans","volume":"67","author":"Gerster","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816S","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.115.229708","article-title":"Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND)\u2014vitamin A review","volume":"146","author":"Tanumihardjo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.112383","article-title":"High provitamin A carotenoid serum concentrations, elevated retinyl esters, and saturated retinol binding protein in Zambian preschool children are consistent with the presence of high liver vitamin A stores","volume":"102","author":"Mondloch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/49.1.112","volume":"49","author":"Krasinski","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13965","article-title":"Overlapping vitamin A interventions in the United States, Guatemala, Zambia, and South Africa: case studies","volume":"1446","author":"Tanumihardjo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy190","article-title":"Serum retinyl esters are positively correlated with analyzed total liver vitamin A reserves collected from US adults at time of death","volume":"108","author":"Olsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601320","article-title":"The anemia of vitamin A deficiency: epidemiology and pathogenesis","volume":"56","author":"Semba","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"901","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib9","first-page":"213","article-title":"Experimental avitaminosis A in young pigs","volume":"120","author":"Hentges","year":"1952","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2007-0153","article-title":"A regional evaluation of injections of high levels of vitamin A on reproductive performance of sows","volume":"86","author":"Lindemann","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1988.tb14449.x","article-title":"Hypovitaminosis A in pigs","volume":"65","author":"Carrigan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Aust. Vet. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.4141\/cjas96-016","article-title":"Tolerance of young pigs for dietary vitamin A and \u03b2-carotene, with special reference to the immune response","volume":"76","author":"Blair","year":"1996","journal-title":"Canad. J. An. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0390222","article-title":"Hypervitaminosis A","volume":"39","author":"Moore","year":"1945","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2016-310631","article-title":"Vitamin A toxicity presenting as bone pain","volume":"102","author":"Baineni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1969.tb16092.x","article-title":"Hypervitaminosis A in the pig","volume":"45","author":"Pryor","year":"1969","journal-title":"Aust. Vet. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1966.2541123x","article-title":"Hypervitaminosis A in the young pig","volume":"25","author":"Anderson","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib17","first-page":"1009","article-title":"Bone lesions of hypervitaminosis A in the pig","volume":"29","author":"Wolke","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-10-199811150-00003","article-title":"Excessive dietary intake of vitamin A is associated with reduced bone mineral density and increased risk for hip fracture","volume":"129","author":"Melhus","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/129.12.2246","article-title":"Vitamin A antagonizes the action of vitamin D in rats","volume":"129","author":"Rohde","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.10360","article-title":"Intestinal calcium absorption: molecular vitamin D mediated mechanisms","volume":"88","author":"Bouillon","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40824-018-0149-3","article-title":"Bioactive calcium phosphate materials and applications in bone regeneration","volume":"23","author":"Jeong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomater. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26061757","article-title":"Vitamin A and bone health: a review on current evidence","volume":"26","author":"Yee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.07.092","article-title":"Vitamin A differentially regulates RANKL and OPG expression in human osteoblasts","volume":"322","author":"Jacobson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.10.1899","article-title":"Vitamin A antagonizes calcium response to vitamin D in man","volume":"16","author":"Johansson","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"621","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabd5758","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abd5758","article-title":"Importance of the pig as a human biomedical model","volume":"13","author":"Lunney","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib26","series-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Swine","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib27","series-title":"Swine Nutrition","first-page":"263","article-title":"Vitamin A in Swine Nutrition","author":"Darroch","year":"2001"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16132037","article-title":"Vitamin D maintains growth and bone mineral density against a background of severe vitamin A deficiency and moderate toxicity in a swine model","volume":"16","author":"Phiri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.114.191668","article-title":"Oral doses of \u03b1-retinyl ester track chylomicron uptake and distribution of vitamin A in a male piglet model for newborn infants","volume":"144","author":"Riabroy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.116.241935","article-title":"Maize milling method affects growth and zinc status but not provitamin A carotenoid bioefficacy in male Mongolian gerbils","volume":"147","author":"Gannon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Nut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2010.08.001","article-title":"Recovery of bone strength in young pigs from an induced short-term dietary calcium deficit followed by a calcium replete diet","volume":"32","author":"Aiyangar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med. Eng. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4905","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2012-5173","article-title":"Expression of kyphosis in young pigs is altered by vitamin D supplementation of maternal diets","volume":"90","author":"Rortvedt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114516002658","article-title":"Maternal dietary vitamin D carry-over alters offspring growth, skeletal mineralisation and tissue mRNA expressions of genes related to vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus homoeostasis in swine","volume":"116","author":"Amundson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3617","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15193","article-title":"The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: updated guidelines for reporting animal research","volume":"177","author":"Percie du Sert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"skad103","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skad103","article-title":"The evaluation of the supplementation of vitamin A, beta-carotene, and oxidized beta-carotene in prepubertal gilts","volume":"101","author":"Elefson","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ani. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.131904","article-title":"3, 4-Didehydroretinol (DR) kinetics differ during lactation in sows on a retinol (R) depletion regimen and the serum to milk DR to R ratios are correlated","volume":"141","author":"Surles","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3001","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12103001","article-title":"Importance of dietary phosphorus for bone metabolism and healthy aging","volume":"12","author":"Serna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.6.1689S","article-title":"Overview of general physiologic features and functions of vitamin D","volume":"80","author":"DeLuca","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1952.112266x","article-title":"The minimum requirement of young pigs for a purified source of carotene","volume":"11","author":"Hentges","year":"1952","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib40","series-title":"Chronic hypervitaminosis A in weanling pigs","author":"Hurt","year":"1966"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/76.4.325","article-title":"Effect of vitamin A intake on some biochemical and physiological changes in swine","volume":"76","author":"Nelson","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.54846\/jshap\/862","article-title":"Survey of serum vitamin D status across stages of swine production and evaluation of supplemental vitamin D premixes used in swine diets","author":"Arnold","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Swine Health Prod."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-019-0617-y","article-title":"Restricting vitamin A intake increases bone formation in Zambian children with high liver stores of vitamin","volume":"14","author":"Tanumihardjo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Osteoporos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S203590","article-title":"Circulatory pattern of cytokines, adipokines and bone markers in postmenopausal women with low BMD","volume":"12","author":"Azizieh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.6.2017","article-title":"Infant hypervitaminosis A causes severe anemia and thrombocytopenia: evidence of a retinol-dependent bone marrow cell growth inhibition","volume":"99","author":"Perrotta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316626000891?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316626000891?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T16:36:37Z","timestamp":1776184597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022316626000891"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022316626000891"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Enhanced Calcium Intake Increases Bone Mineral Density on the Background of Vitamin A Toxicity in a Swine Model","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjnut.2026.101440","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Nutrition.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101440"}}