{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:01:44Z","timestamp":1792587704533,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,17]],"date-time":"2017-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,17]],"date-time":"2018-02-17T04:48:33Z","timestamp":1518842913000},"page":"89-94","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pharmacogenetic study of pruritus induced by epidural morphine for post cesarean section analgesia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Chia-Chi","family":"Kung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiou-Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Jyh","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Jun","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Kuei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib1","first-page":"392","article-title":"Morphine for post-caesarean section analgesia: intrathecal, epidural or intravenous?","volume":"46","author":"Lim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Singap Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01338-3","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics in biological perspective","volume":"49","author":"Kalow","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0198-49","article-title":"Multicolor molecular beacons for allele discrimination","volume":"16","author":"Tyagi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03011037","article-title":"Side effects of intrathecal and epidural opioids","volume":"42","author":"Chaney","year":"1995","journal-title":"Can J Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200210000-00011","article-title":"Does the A118G polymorphism at the mu-opioid receptor gene protect against morphine-6- glucuronide toxicity?","volume":"97","author":"L\u00f6tsch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199405263302117","article-title":"Ondansetron for pruritus due to cholestasis","volume":"330","author":"Raderer","year":"1994","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1159\/000044967","article-title":"Histamine and serotonin in uremic pruritus: effect of ondansetron in CAPD-pruritic patients","volume":"78","author":"Balaskas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03006481","article-title":"Epidural morphine for analgesia after caesarean section: a report of 4880 patients","volume":"37","author":"Fuller","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can J Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-007-0205-3","article-title":"Candidate gene polymorphisms predicting individual sensitivity to opioids","volume":"377","author":"Kasai","year":"2008","journal-title":"N\u00a0Schmied Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.23","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics of opioid responses","volume":"97","author":"Somogyi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Therapeut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e3282ef6b2c","article-title":"Genetic factors in pain and its treatment","volume":"20","author":"Stamer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1188\/15.ONF.420-422","article-title":"Genetic variants influencing patient response to opioid therapy","volume":"42","author":"Tadje","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncol Nurs Forum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clpt.2006.01.007","article-title":"Environmental and genetic factors associated with morphine response in the postoperative period","volume":"79","author":"Coulbalt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Therapeut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2006.00934.x","article-title":"Ondansetron and tropisetron do not prevent intraspinal morphine- and fentanyl-induced pruritus in elective cesarean delivery","volume":"50","author":"Sarvela","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aen241","article-title":"Prophylactic mirtazapine reduces intrathecal morphineinduced pruritus","volume":"101","author":"Sheen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2010.02231.x","article-title":"Ondansetron is as effective as diphenhydramine for treatment of morphine-induced pruritus after cesarean delivery","volume":"54","author":"Siddik-Sayyid","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03008321","article-title":"Side effects during continuous epidural infusion of morphine and fentanyl","volume":"39","author":"White","year":"1992","journal-title":"Can J Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1988.tb02725.x","article-title":"Clinical experience of long term treatment with extradural and intrathecal opioids: a nationwide survey","volume":"32","author":"Arner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198409000-00008","article-title":"Intrathecal and epidural administration of opioids","volume":"61","author":"Cousins","year":"1984","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib20","first-page":"92","article-title":"Naloxone for the treatment of narcotic induced pruritus","volume":"5","author":"Vrchoticky","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1996.tb15050.x","article-title":"Tan K. Pruritus-itching for a cause and relief?","volume":"51","author":"Kam P","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.1993.tb01376.x","article-title":"Greaves: new pathological and clinical insights into pruritus","volume":"20","author":"MW","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0923-1811(92)90059-K","article-title":"Some methods of evaluating clinical itch and their application for studying pathophysiological mechanisms","volume":"4","author":"Hagermark","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198712000-00023","article-title":"Increased incidence of itching and herpes simplex in patients given epidural morphine after cesarean section","volume":"66","author":"Gieraerts","year":"1987","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198511213132105","article-title":"Herpes virus infections in pregnancy: II. Herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus infections","volume":"313","author":"Stagno","year":"1985","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199902000-00017","article-title":"Ondansetron is effective to treat spinal or epidural morphine-induced pruritus","volume":"90","author":"Borgeat","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000181338.35454.6A","article-title":"Prophylactic intravenous ondansetron and dolasetron in intrathecal morphine-induced pruritus: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"101","author":"Iatrou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e3283556129","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics in perioperative medicine","volume":"25","author":"Cohen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1188\/15.ONF.420-422","article-title":"Genetic variants influencing patient response to opioid therapy","volume":"42","author":"Tadje","year":"2015","journal-title":"OnFilm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216308089302","article-title":"Variable response to opioid treatment: any genetic predictors within sight?","volume":"22","author":"Skorpen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib31","first-page":"669","article-title":"Is ethnicity associated with morphine's side effects in children? Morphine pharmacokinetics, analgesic response, and side effects in children having tonsillectomy","volume":"22","author":"Jimenez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Alert"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clpt.2006.01.007","article-title":"Environmental and genetic factors associated with morphine response in the postoperative period","volume":"79","author":"Coulbalt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Therapeut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.04.014","article-title":"Clinical and genetic factors associated with nausea and vomiting in cancer patients receiving opioids","volume":"47","author":"Laugsand","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Canc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/259306","article-title":"Polymorphism of \u03bc-opioid receptor gene (OPRMa:c.118A>G) might not protect against or enhance morphine-induced nausea or vomiting","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain Res, Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib35","article-title":"Hyperalgesia and blunted morphine analgesia in G protein-gated potassium channel subunit knockout mice","volume":"12","author":"Marker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3516","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03810.x","article-title":"Blocking the R-type (Cav2.3) Ca2+ channel enhanced morphine analgesia and reduced morphine tolerance","volume":"20","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1028455917303091?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1028455917303091?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T18:15:20Z","timestamp":1760897720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1028455917303091"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1028455917303091"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["1028-4559"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1028-4559","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pharmacogenetic study of pruritus induced by epidural morphine for post cesarean section analgesia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.12.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Taiwan Association of Obstetrics & Gynecology. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}