{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T05:59:32Z","timestamp":1773986372134,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]],"date-time":"2020-10-31T03:44:00Z","timestamp":1604115840000},"page":"101906","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Risk of hospitalization for Covid-19 outpatients treated with various drug regimens in Brazil: Comparative analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2360-7230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia Nunes","family":"Szente Fonseca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anastasio","family":"de Queiroz Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4347-8621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre Giandoni","family":"Wolkoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Sampaio","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno Castro","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christianne Fernandes","family":"Valente Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Rebou\u00e7as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Vasconcellos Abdon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anderson L.A.","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5337-3941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harvey A.","family":"Risch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib1","author":"Who"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib2","author":"Cdc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-03874-z","article-title":"The epidemiology and clinical information about COVID-19","volume":"39","author":"Ge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China","volume":"382","author":"Guan","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6912e2","article-title":"Severe outcomes among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) - United States, February 12-March 16, 2020","volume":"69","author":"Bialek","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2648","article-title":"Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention","volume":"323","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.0994","article-title":"Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in wuhan, China","volume":"180","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial","volume":"56","author":"Gautret","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2007016","article-title":"Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe covid-19","volume":"382","author":"Grein","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe2005477","article-title":"Covid-19 - the search for effective therapy","volume":"382","author":"Baden","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib11","first-page":"1824","article-title":"Pharmacologic treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review","volume":"323","author":"Sanders","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib12","article-title":"ClinicalTrials.gov [internet]. Search of: COVID-19 - list results","volume":"15","year":"2020","journal-title":"Downloaded June"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2020.03.012","article-title":"COVID-19 illness in native and immunosuppressed states: a clinical-therapeutic staging proposal","volume":"39","author":"Siddiqi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30365-X","article-title":"Clinical trials of disease stages in COVID 19: complicated and often misinterpreted","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib15","author":"Barbosa Esper"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101791","article-title":"Outcomes of 3,737 COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine\/azithromycin and other regimens in Marseille, France: a retrospective analysis","author":"Lagier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trav Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib17","author":"Ly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib18","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of outpatients with mildly symptomatic COVID-19: a multi-center observational study","volume":"25","author":"Ip","year":"2020","journal-title":"Preprints"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-0282-0","article-title":"Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa237","article-title":"In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","volume":"71","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib21","author":"Federal de Medicina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib22","author":"Brasil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib23","article-title":"Coronav\u00edrus brasil [internet]","volume":"15","year":"2020","journal-title":"Downloaded June"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib24","article-title":"Infogripe- Monitoramento de casos reportados de s\u00edndrome respirat\u00f3ria aguda grave (SRAG) hospitalizados","volume":"17","year":"2020","journal-title":"Downloaded June"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib25","first-page":"2020","article-title":"Variation in false negative rate of RT-PCR based SARS-CoV-2 tests by time since exposure","volume":"August 18","author":"Kucirka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib26","author":"Barnett-Howell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib27","article-title":"Socio-economic impact of COVID-19","volume":"16","author":"United Nations Development Programme","year":"2020","journal-title":"Downloaded June"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2020.04.018","article-title":"The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): a review","volume":"78","author":"Nicola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib29","series-title":"COVID-19 map - johns hopkins coronavirus resource center","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib30","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib31","volume":"17","year":"2020","journal-title":"Downloaded June"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib33","first-page":"2020","article-title":"184. Notice on issuing the new coronavirus pneumonia diagnosis and treatment plan (trial version 7)","volume":"3","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mar"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa093","article-title":"Early outpatient treatment of symptomatic, high-risk covid-19 patients that should be ramped-up immediately as key to the pandemic crisis","author":"Risch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib36","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine for prevention of COVID-19 mortality: a population-based cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Rentsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Preprints September"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib37","author":"Kolilekas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2016.06.010","article-title":"Immunomodulators in SLE: clinical evidence and immunologic actions","volume":"74","author":"Durcan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"}],"container-title":["Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1477893920304026?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1477893920304026?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:05:13Z","timestamp":1761487513000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1477893920304026"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S1477893920304026"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-8939"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-8939","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk of hospitalization for Covid-19 outpatients treated with various drug regimens in Brazil: Comparative analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101906","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101906"}}