{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T04:17:07Z","timestamp":1790223427371,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,23]],"date-time":"2007-09-23T07:12:24Z","timestamp":1190531544000},"page":"23-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effect of tacrolimus on the cauda epididymis in rats: Analysis of epididymal biochemical markers or antioxidant defense enzymes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"243","author":[{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Hisatomi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shozo","family":"Sakuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michio","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiro","family":"Seki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib1","series-title":"Methods of Enzymatic Analysis","first-page":"495","article-title":"Enzymes as biochemical reagents. Phosphatase acid","author":"Bergmeyer","year":"1974"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib2","first-page":"485","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein dye-binding","volume":"81","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(85)13062-4","article-title":"Glutathione reductase","volume":"113","author":"Carlberg","year":"1985","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib4","first-page":"205","article-title":"Effect of lindane on antioxidant enzymes in epididymis and epididymal sperm of adult rats","volume":"3","author":"Chitra","year":"2003","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2605.1997.00059.x","article-title":"Successful lowering of epididymal carnitine by administration of pivalate rats","volume":"20","author":"Cooper","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7262.2005.00059.x","article-title":"Effect of piperine on the epididymis of adult male rats","volume":"7","author":"D\u2019cruz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib7","first-page":"26","article-title":"Oxidative stress, male infertility and the role of carnitines","volume":"47","author":"Dokmeci","year":"2005","journal-title":"Folia Med. (Plovdiv)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib8","first-page":"305","article-title":"Epididymal markers in rats exposed to the xenoestrogen p-nonylphenol: no biochemical effects at low dosage","volume":"33","author":"Fourie","year":"2001","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2005.05.103","article-title":"Antioxidant and antiradical activities of l-carnitine","volume":"78","author":"Gulcin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.19.2_61","article-title":"Mechanism of FK506-induced glucose intolerance in rats","volume":"19","author":"Hirano","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(96)03312-4","article-title":"Effect of Prograf (FK506) on spermatogenesis in rats","volume":"109","author":"Hisatomi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(97)00102-9","article-title":"Cataract development induced by repeated oral dosing with FK506 (tacrolimus) in adult rats","volume":"123","author":"Ishida","year":"1997","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(88)90554-4","article-title":"A spectrophotometric method for determination of catalase activity in small tissue samples","volume":"174","author":"Johansson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/0098-2997(91)90010-J","article-title":"Effects of hydrogen peroxide on lymphocyte receptor functions: their significance in immunoregulation","volume":"12","author":"Kitas","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mol. Aspects Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1263(200001\/02)20:1<61::AID-JAT628>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Disorders of male rat reproductive tract under the influence of atrazine","volume":"20","author":"Kniewald","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib16","first-page":"233","article-title":"The effects of FK506 on the rat testis\u2014morphological and flow cytometric analysis of the rat testis following administration of FK506","volume":"63","author":"Kuwata","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nishinihon J. Urol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib17","first-page":"E1","article-title":"Lipoperoxidation damage of spermatozoa polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA): scavenger mechanisms and possible scavenger therapies","volume":"1","author":"Lenzi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Front. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib18","unstructured":"Masaki, J., 1992. Biochemistry of semen. In: Mohri, H. (Supervising ed.), Morisawa, M., Hoshi, M. (Eds.), Spermatology (in Japanease). University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, pp. 121\u2013137."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)48024-6","article-title":"Free l-carnitine in human semen. Its variability in different androgen pathologies","volume":"42","author":"Menchini-Fabris","year":"1984","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.19.4_219","article-title":"Tacrolimus (FK506)-induced nephrotoxicity in spontaneous hypertensive rats","volume":"19","author":"Mitamura","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1320.017","article-title":"The role of carnitine in the male reproductive system","volume":"1033","author":"Ng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib22","first-page":"158","article-title":"Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase","volume":"70","author":"Paglia","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib23","series-title":"Methods of Enzymatic Analysis","first-page":"1758","article-title":"Carnitine and acetylcarnitine","author":"Pearson","year":"1974"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0570001","article-title":"Ultrastructural evidence for phagocytosis of spermatozoa in the bovine rete testis and testicular straight tubules","volume":"57","author":"Sinowatz","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib25","series-title":"Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. The Basic Science of Poisons","first-page":"673","article-title":"Toxic responses of the reproductive system","author":"Thomas","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.63.485","article-title":"Spectrophotometric assay for superoxide dismutase based on the reduction of highly water-soluble tetrazolium salts by xanthine\u2013xanthine oxidase","volume":"63","author":"Ukeda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2003.10.069","article-title":"Antioxidant strategies in the epididymis","volume":"216","author":"Vernet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401755","article-title":"The 12kD FK506 binding protein FKBP12 is released in the male reproductive tract and stimulate sperm motility","volume":"4","author":"Walensky","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib29","first-page":"217","article-title":"Study on the relationship between neutral alpha-glucosidase in seminal plasma and sperm motility","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin. J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.1020401","article-title":"Study of the role of epididymal alpha-glucosidase in the fertility of male rats by the administration of the enzyme inhibitor castanospermine","volume":"102","author":"Yeung","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."}],"container-title":["Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300483X07006439?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300483X07006439?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T23:01:41Z","timestamp":1759532501000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0300483X07006439"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0300483X07006439"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-483X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-483X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of tacrolimus on the cauda epididymis in rats: Analysis of epididymal biochemical markers or antioxidant defense enzymes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}