{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T03:34:07Z","timestamp":1790739247436,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005879","name":"National Centre for Biological Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005879","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]],"date-time":"2018-10-12T21:04:03Z","timestamp":1539378243000},"page":"133-142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":162,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Review: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)\u2014Action on placental function and health risks in future life of newborns"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"411","author":[{"given":"Eliza","family":"Drwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Rak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9600-0659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa L.","family":"Gregoraszczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0005","article-title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) biologic exposure indices (BEI)","author":"ACGIH","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1177\/096032719701601204","article-title":"Detection of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adducts in human placenta and umbilical cord blood","volume":"16","author":"Arnould","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0015","first-page":"625","article-title":"Transplacental transfer of environmental genotoxins--polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-albumin in nonsmoking women","volume":"104","author":"Autrup","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90710-1","article-title":"Weight in infancy and death from ischaemic heart disease","volume":"2","author":"Barker","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-999669","article-title":"Catechol-o-methyl transferase activity in the human term placenta","volume":"5","author":"Barnea","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Perinato."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7617","article-title":"Biologic monitoring of exposure to environmental chemicals throughout the life stages: requirements and issues for consideration for the National Children\u2019s Study","volume":"113","author":"Barr","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0035","first-page":"451","article-title":"Cancer risk assessment, indicators, and guidelines for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ambient air","volume":"110","author":"Bostrom","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2012.05.006","article-title":"EG-VEGF: a key endocrine factor in placental development","volume":"23","author":"Brouillet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11274-8","article-title":"Air pollution and health","volume":"360","author":"Brunekreef","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0050","first-page":"932","volume":"Vol. 138","author":"Carmeliet","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152181","article-title":"The effects of chronic lifelong activation of the AHR pathway by industrial chemical pollutants on female human reproduction","volume":"11","author":"Cavallini","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4004(94)90009-4","article-title":"Modifications of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in the last period of pregnancy in rats treated with benzo(a)pyrene (BP)","volume":"15","author":"Cervell\u00f3","year":"1994","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4004(92)90042-R","article-title":"Enhanced glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in pregnant rats treated with benzo(a)pyrene","volume":"13","author":"Cervello","year":"1992","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2004.03.006","article-title":"Developmental biology of the placenta and the origin of placental insufficiency","volume":"9","author":"Chaddha","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Fetal Neonatal. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.4236\/ojap.2014.34010","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and birth weight in China","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"OJAP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.04.043","article-title":"Integration of external signaling pathways with the core transcriptional network in embryonic stem cells","volume":"133","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2015.03.001","article-title":"Neurotoxicity may be an overlooked consequence of benzo[a]pyrene exposure that is relevant to human health risk assessment","volume":"764","author":"Chepelev","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mutat. Res. Rev. Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0090","article-title":"Fetal window of vulnerability to airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on proportional intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"7","author":"Choi","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1003391","article-title":"Benzo[a]pyrene reduces testosterone production in rat Leydig cells via a direct disturbance of testicular steroidogenic machinery","volume":"119","author":"Chung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-8-102","article-title":"Biological functions of hCG and hCG-related molecules","volume":"8","author":"Cole","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym067","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors at age 30 following pre-term birth","volume":"36","author":"Dalziel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.001081159","article-title":"The impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and fine particles on pregnancy outcome","volume":"108","author":"Dejmek","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Health. Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.90436.2008","article-title":"Fetal growth restriction triggered by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is associated with altered placental vasculature and AhR-dependent changes in cell death","volume":"295","author":"Detmar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1989.6761559x","article-title":"Effect of progesterone supplementation on pregnancy and embryo survival in ewes","volume":"67","author":"Diskin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2006-129","article-title":"Patterns of late embryonic and fetal mortality and association with several factors in sheep1","volume":"85","author":"Dixon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2005.01.013","article-title":"Benzo[a]pyrene, but not 2,3,7,8-TCDD, induces G2\/M cell cycle arrest, p21CIP1 and p53 phosphorylation in human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells: a distinct signaling pathway","volume":"26","author":"Drukteinis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2017.08.002","article-title":"Cell-specific and dose-dependent effects of PAHs on proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis protein expression and hormone secretion by placental cell lines","volume":"280","author":"Drwal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901070","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and children\u2019s intelligence at 5 years of age in a prospective cohort study in Poland","volume":"118","author":"Edwards","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Health. Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H541","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01113.2007","article-title":"Pathophysiology of hypertension during preeclampsia: linking placental ischemia with endothelial dysfunction","volume":"294","author":"Gilbert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart. Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1191\/096032700671433928","article-title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in placenta","volume":"19","author":"Gladen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2004.06.038","article-title":"Growth and function of the normal human placenta","volume":"114","author":"Gude","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(95)02184-1","article-title":"Expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing cytochrome P450 forms in human full-term placenta","volume":"51","author":"Hakkola","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0165","first-page":"343","article-title":"The roles of placental growth hormone and placental lactogen in the regulation of human fetal growth and development","volume":"4","author":"Handwerger","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0170","first-page":"107","article-title":"Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: bulky DNA adducts and cellular responses","volume":"101","author":"Henkler","year":"2012","journal-title":"EXS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4811","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030243","article-title":"Possible angiogenic roles of insulin-like growth factor II and its receptors in uterine vascular adaptation to pregnancy","volume":"10","author":"Herr","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042275","article-title":"Premature birth and later insulin resistance","volume":"351","author":"Hofman","year":"2004","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/5.11.1437","article-title":"Reproductive toxicity associated with endometrial cell mediated metabolism of benzo (a)pyrene: a combined in vitro, in vivo approach","volume":"5","author":"Iannaccone","year":"1984","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2009.01.187","article-title":"Inhibition of ischemia-induced angiogenesis by benzo (a)pyrene in a manner dependent on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor","volume":"381","author":"Ichihara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.112.050245","article-title":"Drug metabolism and transport during pregnancy: how does drug disposition change during pregnancy and what are the mechanisms that ncause such changes?","volume":"41","author":"Isoherranen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-005-1048-1","article-title":"Prenatal ambient air exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the occurrence of respiratory symptoms over the first year of life","volume":"20","author":"Jedrychowski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.2478\/v10001-007-0035-z","article-title":"Personal exposure to fine particles and benzo[a]pyrene. Relation with indoor and outdoor concentrations of these pollutants in Krak\u00f3w","volume":"20","author":"Jedrychowski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2011.07.020","article-title":"Impact of barbecued meat consumed in pregnancy on birth outcomes accounting for personal prenatal exposure to airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: birth cohort study in Poland","volume":"28","author":"Jedrychowski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0215","first-page":"21","article-title":"Effect of prenatal PAH exposure on birth outcomes and neurocognitive development in a cohort of newborns in Poland. Study design and preliminary ambient data","volume":"16","author":"Jedrychowski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.22923","article-title":"Separate and joint effects of tranplacental and postnatal inhalatory exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: prospective birth cohort study on wheezing events","volume":"49","author":"Jedrychowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr. Pulmonol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2010.01136.x","article-title":"Effect of prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter on ventilatory lung function of preschool children of non-smoking mothers","volume":"24","author":"Jedrychowski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2012.12.008","article-title":"Placental trophoblast cell differentiation: physiological regulation and pathological relevance to preeclampsia","volume":"34","author":"Ji","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Aspects Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-0558","article-title":"Perinatal risk factors for diabetes in later life","volume":"58","author":"Kaijser","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1248\/jhs.57.504","article-title":"Atmospheric chemistry of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds","volume":"57","author":"Kameda","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Health Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0106140","article-title":"Effects of maternal smoking on the placental expression of genes related to angiogenesis and apoptosis during the first trimester","volume":"9","author":"Kawashima","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2013.07.019","article-title":"A review of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their human health effects","volume":"60","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9910071","article-title":"Exogenous progesterone and embryo survival in booroola-cross ewes","volume":"3","author":"Kleemann","year":"1991","journal-title":"Reprod. Fert. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1714","article-title":"Ovarian disorders in immature rats after postnatal exposure to environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","volume":"33","author":"Kummer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5749","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-012-2981-6","article-title":"Comparison of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions on gasoline- and diesel-dominated routes","volume":"185","author":"Kuo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2011.03.026","article-title":"Seasonal variation of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons along the Kaohsiung coast","volume":"92","author":"Lai","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2562","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980016000550","article-title":"Impact of prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from maternal diet on birth outcomes: a birth cohort study in Korea","volume":"19","author":"Lamichhane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2013.12.004","article-title":"Differentiation of human placental BeWo cells by the environmental contaminant benzo(a)pyrene","volume":"210","author":"Le","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.11.029","article-title":"Exposure to benzo[a]pyrene impairs decidualization and decidual angiogenesis in mice during early pregnancy","volume":"222","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1039\/c000689k","article-title":"Assessment of non-occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons through personal air sampling and urinary biomonitoring","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Environ. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/14.9.1805","article-title":"Persistence, gestation stage-dependent formation and interrelationship of benzo (a)pyrene-induced DNA adducts in mothers, placentae and fetuses of Erythrocebus patas monkeys","volume":"14","author":"Lu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1177\/096032719501400607","article-title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in placenta, maternal blood, umbilical cord blood and milk of Indian women","volume":"14","author":"Madhavan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198411000-00002","article-title":"Maternal smoking increases xenobiotic metabolism in placenta but not umbilical vein endothelium","volume":"18","author":"Manchester","year":"1984","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.4209\/aaqr.2011.11.0192","article-title":"Seasonal variation and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in indoor and outdoor air in a semi-arid tract of Northern India Aerosol","volume":"12","author":"Masih","year":"2012","journal-title":"Air. Qual. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2003.10.010","article-title":"Aspects of human fetoplacental vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. III. Changes in complicated pregnancies","volume":"25","author":"Mayhew","year":"2004","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"05","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000148452.98518.D5","article-title":"Differences in size at birth are determined by differences in growth velocity during early prenatal life","volume":"57","author":"Milani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2003.07.016","article-title":"In utero effects of chemicals on reproductive tissues in females","volume":"198","author":"Miller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1080\/14767050701463571","article-title":"Placental growth hormone is increased in the maternal and fetal serum of patients with preeclampsia","volume":"9","author":"Mittal","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/980843","article-title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bound to PM2.5 in urban Coimbatore, India with emphasis on source apportionment","author":"Mohanraj","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. World. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6300(199909\/10)11:5<638::AID-AJHB7>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"The timing hypothesis and body proportionality of the intra-terine growth retarded infants","volume":"11","author":"Neufeld","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2010.03.1115","article-title":"Human placental glutathione S-transferase activity and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon DNA adducts as biomarkers for environmental oxidative stress in placentas from pregnant women living in radioactivity- and chemically-polluted regions","volume":"196","author":"Obolenskaya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2013.04.006","article-title":"An earlier rise in systemic progesterone and increased progesterone in the uterine vein during early pregnancy are associated with enhanced embryonic survival in the ewe","volume":"80","author":"O\u2019Connell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S49","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfq338","article-title":"Xenobiotic metabolism, disposition, and regulation by receptors: from biochemical phenomenon to predictors of major toxicities","volume":"120","author":"Omiecinski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0360","first-page":"545","article-title":"Fetal, infant, and childhood growth are predictors of coronary heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension in adult men and women","volume":"108","author":"Osmond","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2016.06.004","article-title":"Dichotomous effects of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) activation on human fetoplacental endothelial cell function","volume":"44","author":"Palatnik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3241","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(01)00080-2","article-title":"Atmospheric distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and deposition to Galveston Bay, Texas, USA","volume":"35","author":"Park","year":"2001","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2010.07.010","article-title":"Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of placental extracts in benzo[a]pyrene-exposed rats","volume":"31","author":"Park","year":"2010","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2011.04.009","article-title":"From fetal development and beyond: a continued role for placenta in sustaining life?","volume":"32","author":"Parolini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859600041083","article-title":"Effects of maternal nutrition and plasma progesterone concentrations on survival and growth of the sheep embryo in early gestation","volume":"98","author":"Parr","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107s3451","article-title":"Molecular epidemiologic research on the effects of environmental pollutants on the fetus","volume":"107","author":"Perera","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e195","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-3506","article-title":"Prenatal airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and child IQ at age 5 years","volume":"124","author":"Perera","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5742","article-title":"Effects of transplacental exposure to environmental pollutants on birth outcomes in a multi-ethnic population","volume":"111","author":"Perera","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2004.07.007","article-title":"A summary of recent findings on birth outcomes and developmental effects of prenatal ETS, PAH, and pesticide exposures","volume":"26","author":"Perera","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9084","article-title":"Effect of prenatal exposure to airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on neurodevelopment in the first 3 years of life among inner-city children","volume":"114","author":"Perera","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1104315","article-title":"Prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and child behavior at age 6-7 years","volume":"120","author":"Perera","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002705","article-title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-aromatic DNA adducts in cord blood and behavior scores in New York city children","volume":"119","author":"Perera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2011.11.007","article-title":"Review: human trophoblast fusion and differentiation: lessons from trisomy 21 placenta","volume":"33","author":"Pidoux","year":"2012","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.110.033571","article-title":"The role of the placenta in fetal exposure to xenobiotics: importance of membrane transporters and human models for transfer studies","volume":"38","author":"Prouillac","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug. Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.04.013","article-title":"Relationship between atmospheric pollution in the residential area and concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in human breast milk","volume":"562","author":"Pulkrabova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.3109\/19396360903431638","article-title":"Benzopyrene and experimental stressors cause compensatory differentiation in placental trophoblast stem cells","volume":"56","author":"Rappolee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Syst. Biol. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-70-2-421","article-title":"The presence of gonadotropin receptors in nonpregnant human uterus, human placenta, fetal membranes, and decidua","volume":"70","author":"Reshef","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2004.11.010","article-title":"Animal models of placental angiogenesis","volume":"26","author":"Reynolds","year":"2005","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1080\/13547500601010418","article-title":"The association between benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adducts and body mass index, calorie intake and physical activity","volume":"12","author":"Rundle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/0890-6238(94)90081-7","article-title":"Metabolism of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon in human term placenta influenced by cigarette smoke exposure","volume":"8","author":"Sanyal","year":"1994","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrb.20102","article-title":"Differential metabolism of benzo[alpha]pyrene in vitro by human placental tissues exposed to active maternal cigarette smoke","volume":"80","author":"Sanyal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res. B Dev. Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2014.12.004","article-title":"Enhanced thyroid hormone breakdown in hepatocytes by mutual induction of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR, NR1I3) and arylhydrocarbon receptor by benzo[a]pyrene and phenobarbital","volume":"328","author":"Schraplau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3365","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph8083365","article-title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in maternal and umbilical cord blood from pregnant Hispanic women living in Brownsville, Texas","volume":"8","author":"Sexton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200033336919","article-title":"Cancer and phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes","volume":"4","author":"Sheweita","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200003339117","article-title":"Drug-metabolizing enzymes: mechanisms and functions","volume":"1","author":"Sheweita","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03162.x","article-title":"Metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to carcinogens by cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1B1","volume":"95","author":"Shimada","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2012.12.027","article-title":"Evaluating environmental modeling and sampling data with biomarker data to identify sources and routes of exposure","volume":"69","author":"Shin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2003.10.012","article-title":"First trimester origins of fetal growth impairment","volume":"28","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Perinatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200443080-00001","article-title":"Drug transfer and metabolism by the human placenta","volume":"43","author":"Syme","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.94102302","article-title":"Humoral immunosuppression in men exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and related carcinogens in polluted environments","volume":"102","author":"Szczeklik","year":"1994","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2009.11.008","article-title":"Human chorionic gonadotropin: a hormone with immunological and angiogenic properties","volume":"85","author":"Tsampalas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2017.01.020","article-title":"Long-term results of living donors in simultaneous kidney and liver transplantations","volume":"49","author":"Unek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(82)90765-7","article-title":"Factors influencing fetal growth","volume":"142","author":"Vorherr","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-11-0296","article-title":"Signaling regulation of fetoplacental angiogenesis","volume":"212","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1263(199701)17:1<23::AID-JAT387>3.0.CO;2-O","article-title":"Immunological investigations in a group of workers exposed to various levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","volume":"17","author":"Winker","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-3390","article-title":"In utero exposure of mice to dibenzo (a,l)pyrene produces lymphoma in the offspring: role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor","volume":"66","author":"Yu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2017.07.003","article-title":"Effects of human blood levels of two PAH mixtures on the AHR signalling activation pathway and CYP1A1 and COMT target genes in granulosa non-tumor and granulosa tumor cell lines","volume":"389","author":"Zajda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.11.013","article-title":"Benzo(a)pyrene disrupts mouse preimplantation embryo development","volume":"103","author":"Zhan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(95)00253-V","article-title":"Modulation by benzo (a)pyrene of epidermal growth factor receptors, cell proliferation, and secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin in human placental cell lines","volume":"50","author":"Zhang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(98)80014-3","article-title":"Differential effects of 2,3,7,8-tetracholorodibenzo-p-dioxin and benzo(a)pyrene on proliferation and growth factor gene expression in choriocarcinoma BeWo cells","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.03.050","article-title":"Biological impact of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ePAHs) as endocrine disruptors","volume":"213","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003_bib0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5290","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020642","article-title":"Characterization of human chorionic gonadotropin as a novel angiogenic factor","volume":"87","author":"Zygmunt","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."}],"container-title":["Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300483X18304475?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300483X18304475?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T23:40:46Z","timestamp":1759534846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0300483X18304475"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":114,"alternative-id":["S0300483X18304475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-483X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-483X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Review: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)\u2014Action on placental function and health risks in future life of newborns","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tox.2018.10.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}