{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T17:41:50Z","timestamp":1788284510642,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T11:35:39Z","timestamp":1597318539000},"page":"152562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effects of butylparaben exposure on thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (D1) in female Wistar rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"443","author":[{"given":"Pobi","family":"Gogoi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jogen Ch","family":"Kalita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2016.07.002","article-title":"Phenols and parabens in relation to reproductive and thyroid hormones in pregnant women","volume":"151","author":"Aker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.01.006","article-title":"Associations between maternal phenol and paraben urinary biomarkers and maternal hormones during pregnancy: a repeated measures study","volume":"113","author":"Aker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2011.12.045","article-title":"Systemic exposure to parabens: pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, excretion balance and plasma metabolites of [14C]-methyl-, propyl- and butylparaben in rats after oral, topical or subcutaneous administration","volume":"50","author":"Aubert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70208-6","article-title":"Hypothyroidism in India: more to be done","volume":"2","author":"Bagcchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0025","first-page":"FE01","article-title":"Various possible toxicants involved in thyroid dysfunction: a review","volume":"10","author":"Bajaj","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Diagn. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0030","first-page":"11","article-title":"Circulating thyrotropin is upregulated by estradiol","volume":"11","author":"Benvenga","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Transl. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.03.011","article-title":"Possible endocrine disrupting effects of parabens and their metabolites","volume":"30","author":"Boberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfw079","article-title":"Multiple endocrine disrupting effects in rats perinatally exposed to butylparaben","volume":"152","author":"Boberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1215","article-title":"Pancreatic beta cells are a sensitive target of embryonic exposure to butylparaben in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"110","author":"Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19051501","article-title":"Overview of cadmium thyroid disrupting effects and mechanisms","volume":"19","author":"Buha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2017.01.038","article-title":"Thyroid hormone biosynthesis and release","volume":"458","author":"Carvalho","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2010.05.064","article-title":"Goitrogenic\/antithyroidal potential of green tea extract in relation to catechin in rats","volume":"48","author":"Chandra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2012.06.003","article-title":"Dietary calcium induced cytological and biochemical changes in thyroid","volume":"34","author":"Chandra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0070","series-title":"Statutory Order Amending the Statutory Order on Cosmetic Products (Amendment to Annex5)","author":"Danish MOE (Danish Ministry of the Environment)","year":"2011"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1358","article-title":"Paraben esters: review of recent studies of endocrine toxicity, absorption, esterase and human exposure and discussion of potential human health risks","volume":"28","author":"Darbre","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0080","series-title":"Associations Between Butylparaben and Thyroid Levels in Females Aged 12 and Over (NHANES, 2007-2008). Public Health Theses","author":"Decker","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S1570-0232(02)00214-3","article-title":"Inactivation of thyroid peroxidase by soy isoflavones, in vitro and in vivo","volume":"777","author":"Doerge","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2019.01.012","article-title":"Effects of perinatal di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure on thyroid function in rat offspring","volume":"67","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2019.104662","article-title":"A rapid assay of human thyroid peroxidase activity","volume":"62","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol. In Vitro"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18092007","article-title":"Interference of paraben compounds with estrogen metabolism by inhibition of 17\u03b2-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases","volume":"18","author":"Engeli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2514312","article-title":"The emerging role of estrogens in thyroid redox homeostasis and carcinogenesis","volume":"2019","author":"Faria","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0110","series-title":"Parabens in Cosmetics","author":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2017.12.029","article-title":"Neonatal exposure to bisphenol A alters the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in female rats","volume":"285","author":"Fernandez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107397","article-title":"Effect of neonatal exposure to estrogenic compounds on development of the excurrent ducts of the rat testis through puberty to adulthood","volume":"107","author":"Fisher","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5403","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1085","article-title":"Functional consequences of dual oxidase-thyroperoxidase interaction at the plasma membrane","volume":"95","author":"Fortunato","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2012.0142","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism of thyroid reactive oxygen species production due to higher NADPH oxidase 4 expression in female thyroid glands","volume":"23","author":"Fortunato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R31","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-13-0588","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism and thyroid dysfunction: a matter of oxidative stress?","volume":"221","author":"Fortunato","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2017.05.006","article-title":"Role of GPER in estrogen-dependent nitric oxide formation and vasodilation","volume":"176","author":"Fredette","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00204","article-title":"Disruption in thyroid signaling pathway: a mechanism for the effect of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on child neurodevelopment","volume":"9","author":"Ghassabian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0150","first-page":"71","article-title":"Interaction of Butylparaben with Thyroid Hormone Receptors (TR\u03b11 and TR\u03b21) and Level of its mRNA Transcript in Rat liver","volume":"6","author":"Gogoi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Bioresour."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1999.8883","article-title":"Effects of microsomal enzyme inducers on outer-ring deiodinase activity toward thyroid hormones in various rat tissues","volume":"163","author":"Hood","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP170","article-title":"Associations between repeated measures of maternal urinary phthalate metabolites and thyroid hormone parameters during pregnancy","volume":"124","author":"Johns","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3003","article-title":"Exposure to parabens at the concentration of maximal proliferative response increases migratory and invasive activity of human breast cancer cells in vitro","volume":"34","author":"Khanna","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-020-00159-w","article-title":"Effects of butylparaben supplementation on in vitro development of mouse preantral follicle","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2018.12.007","article-title":"Assessment of hepatotoxicity and dermal toxicity of butyl paraben and methyl paraben using HepG2 and HDFn in vitro models","volume":"55","author":"Kizhedath","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicol. In Vitro"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.06.088","article-title":"Effects of a 5-day treatment with the UV-filter octyl- methoxycinnamate (OMC) on the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary- thyroid function in rats","volume":"238","author":"Klammer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.12.052","article-title":"Relationship between urinary triclosan and paraben concentrations and serum thyroid measures in NHANES 2007\u20132008","volume":"445\u2013446","author":"Koeppe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.35.535","article-title":"Evaluation of liver and thyroid toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats after exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ether BDE-209","volume":"35","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2006.03.007","article-title":"Estrogen effects on thyroid iodide uptake and thyroperoxidase activity in normal and ovariectomized rats","volume":"71","author":"Lima","year":"2006","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e676","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2013.203","article-title":"Exposure to bisphenol A disrupts meiotic progression during spermatogenesis in adult rats through estrogen-like activity","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12711","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-4567-7","article-title":"DEHP reduces thyroid hormones via interacting with hormone synthesis-related proteins, deiodinases, transthyretin, receptors, and hepatic enzymes in rats","volume":"22","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2 (-Delta Delta C (T)) method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.07.091","article-title":"Association of in utero exposure to organochlorine pesticides with thyroid hormone levels in cord blood of newborns","volume":"231","author":"Luo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002238","article-title":"Urinary concentrations of parabens and serum hormone levels, semen quality parameters, and sperm DNA damage","volume":"119","author":"Meeker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2015.11.020","article-title":"Nitric oxide-repressed Forkhead factor FoxE1 expression is involved in the inhibition of TSH-induced thyroid peroxidase levels","volume":"420","author":"Montesinos Mdel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0323","article-title":"Thyrotropin and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor crosstalk upregulates sodium\u2013iodide symporter expression in primary cultures of human thyrocytes","volume":"26","author":"Morgan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.03.014","article-title":"Parabens and their effects on the endocrine system","volume":"474","author":"Nowak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1191\/0748233701th093oa","article-title":"Effects of butylparaben on the male reproductive system in rats","volume":"17","author":"Oishi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicol. Ind. Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfy302","article-title":"Screening the ToxCast phase 1, phase 2, and e1k chemical libraries for inhibitors of iodothyronine deiodinases","volume":"168","author":"Olker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23334","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.37.23334","article-title":"Transcriptional control of the forkhead thyroid transcription factor TTF-2 by thyrotropin, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor I","volume":"272","author":"Ortiz","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-008-8183-y","article-title":"The minimal arsenic concentration required to inhibit the activity of thyroid peroxidase activity in vitro","volume":"126","author":"Palazzolo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.01.144","article-title":"Associations between urinary phthalate metabolites and bisphenol A levels, and serum thyroid hormones among the Korean adult population \u2013 Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2012\u20132014","volume":"584\u2013585","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfp271","article-title":"Short-term exposure to triclosan decreases thyroxine in vivo via upregulation of hepatic catabolism in young long-evans rats","volume":"113","author":"Paul","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/965212","article-title":"Worldwide increasing incidence of thyroid Cancer: update on epidemiology and risk factors","volume":"2013","author":"Pellegriti","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cancer Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(96)03488-9","article-title":"Decreased liver type I 5\u2019-deiodinase and increased brown adipose tissue type II 5\u2019-deiodinase activity in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-treated Long-Evans rats","volume":"114","author":"Raasmaja","year":"1996","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2017.02.003","article-title":"Fusion of spatial gray level dependency and fractal texture features for the characterization of thyroid lesions","volume":"77","author":"Raghavendra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ultrasonics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.2217\/fon.10.127","article-title":"Thyroid cancer gender disparity","volume":"6","author":"Rahbari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Future Oncol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.07-9574LSF","article-title":"Dose translation from animal to human studies revisited","volume":"22","author":"Reagan-Shaw","year":"2008","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5439","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.prot5439","article-title":"Purification of RNA using TRIzol (TRI reagent)","volume":"6","author":"Rio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0305","unstructured":"RIVM Report 2018-0161. Review on butylparaben: exposure, toxicity and risk assessment. National Institute for Public Health and the Environment. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21945\/RIVM-2018-0161."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0310","first-page":"RA 137","article-title":"Estrogen-like endocrine disrupting chemicals affecting puberty in humans-a review","volume":"15","author":"Roy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/875125","article-title":"Role of estrogen in thyroid function and growth regulation","volume":"2011","author":"Santin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Thyroid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0320","series-title":"Opinion on Parabens. Updated Request for a Scientific Opinion on Propyl- and Butylparaben. SCCS\/1514\/13","author":"SCCS, Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2004.06.041","article-title":"Endocrine active compounds affect thyrotropin and thyroid hormone levels in serum as well as endpoints of thyroid hormone action in liver, heart and kidney","volume":"205","author":"Schmutzler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicology."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2835","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-1280","article-title":"The ultraviolet filter benzophenone 2 interferes with the thyroid hormone axis in rats and is a potent in vitro inhibitor of human recombinant thyroid peroxidase","volume":"148","author":"Schmutzler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8491","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431x20198491","article-title":"Propranolol inhibits myocardial infarction-induced brown adipose tissue D2 activation and maintains a low thyroid hormone state in rats","volume":"52","author":"Seara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2005.05.001","volume":"213","author":"Seidlo\u03bd\u2019a-Wuttke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a016709","article-title":"Signalling by nuclear receptors","volume":"5","author":"Sever","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-18-0348","article-title":"Bisphenol A increases hydrogen peroxide generation by thyrocytes both in vivo and in vitro","volume":"7","author":"Silva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr. Connect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-7207(87)90118-3","article-title":"In vitro demonstration of a TSH-specific growth desensitising mechanism in rat thyroid epithelium","volume":"51","author":"Smith","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1727","article-title":"Association of duoxes with thyroid peroxidase and its regulation in thyrocytes","volume":"95","author":"Song","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2005.01.020","article-title":"Safety assessment of esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (parabens)","volume":"43","author":"Soni","year":"2005","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4063","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19124063","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism of NADPH Oxidase\/H2O2 system in rat thyroid cells; effect of exogenous 17\u03b2-Estradiol","volume":"19","author":"Stepniak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2015.10.032","article-title":"Arsenic impacted the development, thyroid hormone and gene transcription of thyroid hormone receptors in bighead carp larvae (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)","volume":"303","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22521","article-title":"Combined approaches for evaluation of xenoestrogen neural toxicity and thyroid dysfunction: screening of oxido-nitrosative markers, DNA fragmentation, and biogenic amine degradation","author":"Taha","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfn148","article-title":"Do Parabens have the ability to interfere with steroidogenesis?","volume":"106","author":"Taxvig","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2018.18","article-title":"Global epidemiology of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism","volume":"14","author":"Taylor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2004.14.1012","article-title":"Relative potencies and additivity of perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide on the inhibition of radioactive iodide uptake by the human sodium iodide symporter","volume":"14","author":"Tonacchera","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldr030","article-title":"The epidemiology of thyroid disease","volume":"99","author":"Vanderpump","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2020.01.005","article-title":"Urinary phenols and parabens and diabetes among US adults, NHANES 2005-2014","volume":"30","author":"Ward","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2014.08.012","article-title":"Actions of methyl-, propyl- and butylparaben on estrogen receptor-\u03b1 and -\u03b2 and the progesterone receptor in MCF-7 cancer cells and non-cancerous MCF-10A cells","volume":"230","author":"Wr\u00f3bel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2015.08.001","article-title":"Action of methyl-, propyl- and butylparaben on GPR30 gene and protein expression, cAMP levels and activation of ERK1\/2 and PI3K\/Akt signaling pathways in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and MCF-10A non-transformed breast epithelial cells","volume":"238","author":"Wr\u00f3bel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2016.01.014","article-title":"Effect of triclosan, triclocarban, 2,2\u2032,4,4\u2032-tetrabromodiphenyl ether, and bisphenol A on the iodide uptake, thyroid peroxidase activity, and expression of genes involved in thyroid hormone synthesis","volume":"32","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Toxicol. In Vitro"},{"issue":"239","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0425","article-title":"The relationship between deiodinase activity and inflammatory responses under the stimulation of uremic toxins","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2011.10.012","article-title":"N-vinylpyrrolidone dimer, a novel formulation excipient, causes hepatic and thyroid hypertrophy through the induction of hepatic microsomal enzymes in rats","volume":"208","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1210\/mend-4-1-39","article-title":"Hormonal regulation of thyroid peroxidase in normal and transformed rat thyroid cells","volume":"4","author":"Zarrilli","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/61.1.76","article-title":"Effects of short-term in vivo exposure to polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers on thyroid hormones and Hepatic enzyme activities in weanling rats","volume":"61","author":"Zhou","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300483X20302018?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300483X20302018?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T23:44:03Z","timestamp":1759535043000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0300483X20302018"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":88,"alternative-id":["S0300483X20302018"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-483X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-483X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of butylparaben exposure on thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (D1) in female Wistar rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152562","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"152562"}}