{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:44:32Z","timestamp":1791301472181,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]],"date-time":"2003-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1070236800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxicon"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,10]],"date-time":"2003-12-10T13:57:46Z","timestamp":1071064666000},"page":"855-868","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["Chemical modifications of phospholipases A2 from snake venoms: effects on catalytic and pharmacological properties"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Andreimar M.","family":"Soares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 R.","family":"Giglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11849.x","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of presynaptically acting neurotoxins from the venom of Bungarus snakes","volume":"80","author":"Abe","year":"1977","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(00)01150-0","article-title":"Myotoxic phospholipases A2 in Bothrops snake venoms: effects of chemical modifications on the enzymatic and pharmacological properties of Bothropstoxins from Bothrops jararacussu","volume":"82","author":"Andri\u00e3o-Escarso","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(02)01210-8","article-title":"Structural and functional characterization of an acidic platelet aggregation inhibitor and hypotensive phospholipase A2 from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom","volume":"64","author":"Andri\u00e3o-Escarso","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(00)00227-0","article-title":"Immunochemical properties of the N-terminal helix of myotoxin II, a lysine-49 phospholipase A2 from Bothrops asper snake venom","volume":"39","author":"Angulo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(96)00036-0","article-title":"Phospholipase A2\u2014a structural review","volume":"34","author":"Arni","year":"1996","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(91)90197-Y","article-title":"Effects of chemical modification on enzymatic and toxicological properties of phospholipases A2 from Naja naja naja and Vipera russelli snake venoms","volume":"29","author":"Babu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(94)90344-1","article-title":"Dissociation of enzymatic activity from toxic properties of the most basic phospholipase A2 from Vipera russelli snake venom by guanidination of lysine residues","volume":"32","author":"Babu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.175","article-title":"Regulation and inhibition of phospholipase A2","volume":"39","author":"Balsinde","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(84)90157-0","article-title":"Effect of carboxylate group modification on enzymatic and cardiotoxic properties of snake venom phospholipases A2","volume":"22","author":"Barrington","year":"1984","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(03)00138-X","article-title":"Inhibition of enzymatic and pharmacological activities of some snake venoms and toxins by Mandevilla velutina (Apocynaceae) aqueous extract","volume":"85","author":"Biondo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071830","article-title":"Inhibition of phospholipase","volume":"39","author":"Blackwell","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(93)90289-U","article-title":"Effects of Bothrops asper (Terciopelo) myotoxin III, a basic phospholipase A2, on liposomes and mouse gastrocnemius muscle","volume":"31","author":"Bultr\u00f3n","year":"1993","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-4889(93)90080-9","article-title":"Effects on cultured mammalian cells of myotoxin III, a phospholipase A2 isolated from Bothrops asper (Terciopelo) venom","volume":"1179","author":"Bultr\u00f3n","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01890463","article-title":"Functional involvement of Lys-6 in the enzymatic activity of phospholipase A2 from Bungarus multicinctus (Taiwan banded krait) snake venom","volume":"13","author":"Chang","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Protein Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022177","article-title":"Identification of Arg-30 as the essential residue for the enzymatic activity of Taiwan cobra phospholipase A2","volume":"124","author":"Chang","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Biochem. (Tokyo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00107-X","article-title":"Pharmacological modulation of edema induced by Lys-49 and Asp-49 myotoxic phospholipases A2 isolated from the venom of the snake Bothrops asper (terciopelo)","volume":"36","author":"Chaves","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2780481","article-title":"Role of the N-terminal region of phospholipase A2 subunit of beta 1-bungarotoxin in the toxin\u2013Ca2+ complex-formation","volume":"278","author":"Chu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2950713","article-title":"Met-8 of the beta 1-bungarotoxin phospholipase A2 subunit is essential for the phospholipase A2-independent neurotoxic effect","volume":"295","author":"Chu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)51627-6","article-title":"Nigexine, a phospholipase A2 from cobra venom with cytotoxic properties not related to esterase activity. Purification, amino acid sequence, and biological properties","volume":"264","author":"Chwetzoff","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(89)80419-3","article-title":"Evidence that the anti-coagulant and lethal properties of a basic phospholipase A2 from snake venom are unrelated","volume":"248","author":"Chwetzoff","year":"1989","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01024915","article-title":"Bothropstoxin-I: amino acid sequence and function","volume":"12","author":"Cintra","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Protein Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(89)90364-6","article-title":"A study of phospholipase A2-induced oedema in rat paw","volume":"166","author":"Cirino","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(81)90118-5","article-title":"Effect of modification of one histidine residue on the enzymatic and pharmacological properties of a toxic phospholipase A2 from Naja nigricollis snake venom and less toxic phospholipases A2 from Hemachatus haemachatus and Naja naja atra venoms","volume":"19","author":"Condrea","year":"1981","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(81)90108-2","article-title":"Dissociation of enzymatic activity from lethality and pharmacological properties by carbamylation of lysines in Naja nigricollis and Naja naja atra snake venom phospholipases A2","volume":"19","author":"Condrea","year":"1981","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(81)90109-4","article-title":"Effects of arginine modification of Naja nigricollis and Naja naja atra snake venom phospholipases A2 on enzymatic activity, lethality and anticoagulant action","volume":"19","author":"Condrea","year":"1981","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(83)90911-6","article-title":"Effect of methylation of histidine-48 on some enzymatic and pharmacological activities of snake venom phospholipases A2","volume":"32","author":"Condrea","year":"1983","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(83)90005-3","article-title":"Ethoxyformylation and guanidination of snake venom phospholipases A2: effects on enzymatic activity, lethality and some pharmacological properties","volume":"21","author":"Condrea","year":"1983","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1139\/y85-060","article-title":"Effect of alkylation of tryptophan residues on the enzymatic and pharmacological properties of snake venom phospholipase A2","volume":"63","author":"Condrea","year":"1985","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5387","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00696a001","article-title":"The interaction of phospholipase A2 with micellar interfaces. The role of the N-terminal region","volume":"14","author":"van Dam-Mieras","year":"1975","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(91)90086-N","article-title":"The effect of myotoxins isolated from Bothrops snake venoms on multilamellar liposomes: relationship to phospholipase A2, anticoagulant and myotoxic activities","volume":"1070","author":"D\u0131\u0301az","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(93)90136-7","article-title":"p-Bromophenacyl bromide modification of Bothrops asper myotoxin II, a lysine-49 phospholipase A2, affects its pharmacological activities","volume":"31","author":"D\u0131\u0301az","year":"1993","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1994.1317","article-title":"Cleavage of the NH2-terminal octapeptide of Bothrops asper myotoxic lysine-49 phospholipase A2, reduces its membrane-destabilizing effect","volume":"312","author":"D\u0131\u0301az","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(96)00128-6","article-title":"Chemical modification of histidine and lysine residues of myotoxic phospholipases A2 isolated from Bothrops asper and Bothrops godmani snake venoms: effects on enzymatic and pharmacological properties","volume":"35","author":"D\u0131\u0301az-Oreiro","year":"1997","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6402","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00143a007","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 engineering. Structural and functional roles of highly conserved active site residues tyrosine-52 and tyrosine-73","volume":"31","author":"Dupureur","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1983.tb07344.x","article-title":"Chemical modification of Lys-6 in phospholipase A2 from Naja melanoleuca snake venom","volume":"132","author":"van Eijk","year":"1983","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1984.tb07975.x","article-title":"Characterization of phospholipases A2 of Naja melanoleuca snake venom modified at the N-terminal region","volume":"139","author":"van Eijk","year":"1984","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(00)01175-5","article-title":"Natural inhibitors of toxic phospholipases A2","volume":"82","author":"Faure","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(91)90307-5","article-title":"Myotoxin II from Bothrops asper (Terciopelo) venom is a lysine-49 phospholipase A2","volume":"284","author":"Francis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1665414","article-title":"Mechanism of inhibitory action on platelet activation of a phospholipase A2 isolated from Lachesis muta (Bushmaster) snake venom","volume":"78","author":"Fuly","year":"1997","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(99)00208-1","article-title":"Myotoxic activity of an acidic phospholipase A2 isolated from Lachesis muta (Bushmaster) snake venom","volume":"38","author":"Fuly","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(03)00129-8","article-title":"Myotoxicity induced by an acidic Asp-49 phospholipase A2 isolated from Lachesis muta snake venom. Comparison with lysophosphatidylcholine","volume":"35","author":"Fuly","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(95)00085-Z","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 myotoxins from Bothrops snake venoms","volume":"33","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"1995","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB42","series-title":"Venom Phospholipase A2 Enzymes: Structure, Function and Mechanism","first-page":"321","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 myotoxins from Bothrops snake venoms","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1982.tb03979.x","article-title":"Biochemical and electrophysiological demonstrations of the actions of beta-bungarotoxin on synapses in brain","volume":"39","author":"Halliwell","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(76)80174-3","article-title":"The role of phospholipase activity in the action of a presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of Notechis scutatus scutatus (Australian tiger snake)","volume":"61","author":"Halpert","year":"1976","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(86)90193-5","article-title":"The role of enzyme activity and charge properties on the presynaptic neurotoxicity and the contracture-inducing activity of snake venom phospholipases A2","volume":"24","author":"Ho","year":"1986","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(88)90244-9","article-title":"Fractionation of Bothrops jararacussu snake venom: partial chemical characterization and biological activity of bothropstoxin","volume":"26","author":"Homsi-Brandeburgo","year":"1988","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(90)90266-2","article-title":"The amino acid sequence of a myotoxic phospholipase from the venom of Bothrops asper","volume":"278","author":"Kaiser","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(80)90048-3","article-title":"Purification of two phospholipase A isoenzymes with anticoagulant activity from the venom of the cobra Naja naja siamensis","volume":"18","author":"Karlsson","year":"1980","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB49","series-title":"Venom Phospholipase A2 Enzymes: Structure, Function and Mechanism","first-page":"1","article-title":"Phospholipases A2: a complex multifunctional protein puzzle","author":"Kini","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(89)90013-5","article-title":"A model to explain the pharmacological effects of snake venom phospholipases A2","volume":"27","author":"Kini","year":"1989","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a132249","article-title":"Characterization of phospholipase A activity of beta1-bungarotoxin from Bungarus multicinctus venom. II. Identification of the histidine residue of beta1-bungarotoxin modified by p-bromophenacyl bromide","volume":"84","author":"Kondo","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Biochem. (Tokyo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/4.2.199","article-title":"Function of the fully conserved residues Asp99, Tyr52 and Tyr73 in phospholipase A2","volume":"4","author":"Kuipers","year":"1990","journal-title":"Protein Engng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(97)01546-X","article-title":"Mast cell degranulation induced by two phospholipase A2 homologues: dissociation between enzymatic and biological activities","volume":"343","author":"Landucci","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5637","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)83825-5","article-title":"Reactivity of tyrosine in bovine pancreatic deoxyribonuclease with p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl fluoride","volume":"257","author":"Liao","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(00)00073-X","article-title":"Cloning and cDNA sequence analysis of Lys49 and Asp49 basic phospholipase A2 myotoxin isoforms from Bothrops asper","volume":"33","author":"Lizano","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2736(99)00143-1","article-title":"Tyr\u2192Trp-substituted peptide 115\u2013129 of a Lys49 phospholipase A2 expresses enhanced membrane-damaging activities and reproduces its in vivo myotoxic effect","volume":"1461","author":"Lomonte","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00183-4","article-title":"Ability of wedelolactone, heparin and p-bromophenacyl bromide to antagonize the myotoxic effects of two crotaline venoms and their PLA2 myotoxins","volume":"37","author":"Melo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3589","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00583a024","article-title":"Comparative studies of tyrosine modification in pancreatic phospholipases. 2. Properties of the nitrotyrosyl, aminotyrosyl, and dansylaminotyrosyl derivatives of pig, horse, and ox phospholipases A2 and their zymogens","volume":"18","author":"Meyer","year":"1979","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a122705","article-title":"pH dependence of the reaction rate of His48 with p-bromophenacyl bromide and of the binding constant to Ca2+ of the monomeric forms of intact and alpha-NH2 modified phospholipases A2 from Trimeresurus flavoviridis","volume":"105","author":"Miyake","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Biochem. (Tokyo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1989.tb15111.x","article-title":"Tryptophan 110, a residue involved in the toxic activity but not in the enzymatic activity of notexin","volume":"185","author":"Mollier","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a003101","article-title":"Phospholipase A2","volume":"131","author":"Murakami","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biochem. (Tokyo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.3.1346","article-title":"Mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum as model targets for neurotoxic and myotoxic phospholipases A2","volume":"77","author":"Ng","year":"1980","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(88)90298-X","article-title":"Effect of chemical modification with p-bromophenacyl bromide on the enzymatic and lethal properties of phospholipase A2 from Bothrops alternatus (vibora de la cruz) venom","volume":"26","author":"Nisenbon","year":"1988","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a121862","article-title":"Interactions of Trimeresurus flavoviridis phospholipase A2 and its N-terminal octapeptide-removed and p-bromophenacylated derivatives with acridine and anilinonaphthalene dyes","volume":"100","author":"Oda","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Biochem (Tokyo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3109\/15569549809009250","article-title":"Structure, function and biophysical aspects of the myotoxins from snake venoms","volume":"17","author":"Ownby","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Toxicol.-Toxin Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(96)00054-2","article-title":"Isolation, characterization and crystallization of a phospholipase A2 myotoxin from the venom of the prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis viridis)","volume":"35","author":"Ownby","year":"1997","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00188-3","article-title":"Lysine 49 phospholipase A2 proteins","volume":"37","author":"Ownby","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022563401413","article-title":"The amino acid sequence of bothropstoxin-II, an Asp-49 myotoxin from Bothrops jararacussu (Jararacucu) venom with low phospholipase A2 activity","volume":"17","author":"Pereira","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Protein Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00704a021","article-title":"Zymogen-catalyzed hydrolysis of monomeric substrates and the presence of a recognition site for lipid\u2013water interfaces in phospholipase A2","volume":"13","author":"Pieterson","year":"1974","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)39077-4","article-title":"A comparison of the crystal structures of phospholipase A2 from bovine pancreas and Crotalus atrox venom","volume":"260","author":"Renetseder","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB71","first-page":"181","article-title":"Crystal structure of bovine pancreatic phospholipase A2 covalently inhibited by p-bromo-phenacyl-bromide","volume":"200","author":"Renetseder","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)40568-0","article-title":"Chemical modification of the histidine residue in phospholipase A2 (Naja naja naja). A case of half-site reactivity","volume":"252","author":"Roberts","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-6433(98)10136-8","article-title":"Geographic variations in the composition of myotoxins from Bothrops neuwiedi snake venoms: biochemical characterization and biological activity","volume":"121A","author":"Rodrigues","year":"1998","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB74","series-title":"Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins","first-page":"129","article-title":"The relationship between enzymatic activity and pharmacological properties of phospholipases in natural poisons","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB75","series-title":"Handbook of Toxinology","first-page":"67","article-title":"Phospholipases","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB76","series-title":"Venom Phospholipase A2 Enzymes: Structure, Function and Mechanism","first-page":"155","article-title":"Pitfalls to avoid in the study of correlations between enzymatic activity and pharmacological properties of phospholipases A2 enzymes","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3525","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(83)90298-8","article-title":"Dissociation of pharmacological and enzymatic activities of snake venom phospholipases A2 by modification of carboxylate groups","volume":"32","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1983","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(89)90128-1","article-title":"Do chemical modifications dissociate between the enzymatic and pharmacological activities of beta bungarotoxin and notexin?","volume":"27","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12424","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00164a018","article-title":"Calcium ion independent membrane leakage induced by phospholipase-like myotoxins","volume":"31","author":"Rufini","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)62497-4","article-title":"Phospholipase A of snake venoms. II. Catalytic properties of the enzyme from Naja naja","volume":"246","author":"Salach","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2274785","article-title":"Interfacial catalysis: the mechanism of phospholipase A2","volume":"250","author":"Scott","year":"1990","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22645","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)41721-8","article-title":"Crystallographic and biochemical studies of the (inactive) Lys-49 phospholipase A2 from the venom of Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus","volume":"267","author":"Scott","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1999.1230","article-title":"A novel phospholipase A2, BJ-PLA2, from the venom of the snake Bothrops jararaca: purification, primary structure analysis, and its characterization as a platelet-aggregation-inhibiting factor","volume":"367","author":"Serrano","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-1981(00)00105-0","article-title":"The expanding superfamily of phospholipase A2 enzymes: classification and characterization","volume":"1488","author":"Six","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(97)00133-5","article-title":"A rapid procedure for the isolation of the Lys-49 myotoxin II from Bothrops moojeni (caissaca) venom: biochemical characterization, crystallization, myotoxic and edematogenic activity","volume":"36","author":"Soares","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1999.1492","article-title":"Structural and functional characterization of a myotoxin I from Bothrops moojeni (caissaca) snake venom","volume":"373","author":"Soares","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.2000.1790","article-title":"Molecular cloning and functional characterization of BnSP-7, a myotoxin Lys-49 phospholipase A2 homologue, from Bothrops neuwiedi pauloensis venom","volume":"378","author":"Soares","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(01)00065-6","article-title":"Effects of chemical modifications of crotoxin B, the phospholipase A2 subunit of crotoxin from Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom, on its enzymatic and pharmacological activities","volume":"33","author":"Soares","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.2000.2244","article-title":"Dissociation of enzymatic and pharmacological properties of piratoxins-I and -III, two myotoxic phospholipases A2 from Bothrops pirajai snake venom","volume":"387","author":"Soares","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)00155-4","article-title":"Structural and functional analysis of BmjMIP, a phospholipase A2 myotoxin inhibitor protein from Bothrops moojeni snake plasma","volume":"302","author":"Soares","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(03)00237-1","article-title":"Alkylation of myotoxic phospholipases A2 in Bothrops moojeni venom: a promising approach to an enhanced antivenom production","volume":"36","author":"Soares","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(86)90031-0","article-title":"Effects of modification of tyrosines 3 and 62 (63) on enzymatic and toxicological properties of phospholipases A2 from Naja nigricollis and Naja naja atra snake venoms","volume":"24","author":"Soons","year":"1986","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(90)90012-V","article-title":"Effects of chemical modifications of PA-11, a phospholipase A2 from the venom of Australian king brown snake, on its biological activities","volume":"28","author":"Takasaki","year":"1990","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a135025","article-title":"Bindings of Ca2+ and substrate analogs to a cobra venom phospholipase A2 in which the alpha-amino group is modified to an alpha-keto group","volume":"96","author":"Teshima","year":"1913","journal-title":"J. Biochem. (Tokyo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524013363258","article-title":"Mammalian secreted phospholipases A2 and their pathophysiological significance in inflammatory diseases","volume":"1","author":"Touqui","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02780974","article-title":"Amino acid sequence of piratoxin-I, a myotoxin from Bothrops pirajai snake venom and its biological activity after alkylation with p-bromophenacyl bromide","volume":"17","author":"Toyama","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Protein Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021051831740","article-title":"Purification and amino acid sequence of MP-III 4R D49 phospholipase A2 from Bothrops pirajai snake venom, a toxin with moderate PLA2 and anticoagulant activities and high myotoxic activity","volume":"18","author":"Toyama","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Protein Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(00)00202-9","article-title":"Amino acid sequence of piratoxin-II, a myotoxic Lys49 phospholipase A2 homologue from Bothrops pirajai venom","volume":"82","author":"Toyama","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(01)00800-0","article-title":"Inhibitory properties of anti-bothropic complex from Didelphis albiventris serum on toxic and pharmacological actions of metalloproteases and myotoxins from Bothrops asper venom","volume":"62","author":"Trento","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6684","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.2000.01766.x","article-title":"Phospholipases A2 from Callosellasma rhodostoma venom gland: cloning and sequencing of 10 of the cDNAs, three-dimensional modelling and chemical modification of the major isozyme","volume":"267","author":"Tsai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00545a021","article-title":"Methylation of histidine-48 in pancreatic phospholipase A2. Role of histidine and calcium ion in the catalytic mechanism","volume":"19","author":"Verheij","year":"1980","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-10961-7_3","article-title":"Structure and function of phospholipase A2","volume":"91","author":"Verheij","year":"1981","journal-title":"Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2744(77)90013-4","article-title":"Histidine and lysine residues and the activity of phospholipase A2 from the venom of Bitis gabonica","volume":"483","author":"Viljoen","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00704a020","article-title":"Histidine at the active site of phospholipase A2","volume":"13","author":"Volwerk","year":"1974","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(90)94199-8","article-title":"Comparison of the enzymatic and edema-producing activities of two venom phospholipase A2 enzymes","volume":"190","author":"Wang","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/11.4.285","article-title":"A sequence space analysis of phospholipase A2","volume":"11","author":"Ward","year":"1998","journal-title":"Protein Engng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00155-X","article-title":"At the interface: crystal structures of phospholipases A2","volume":"36","author":"Ward","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2274787","article-title":"Crystal structure of cobra-venom phospholipase A2 in a complex with a transition-state analogue","volume":"250","author":"White","year":"1990","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9084(88)90187-3","article-title":"Effect of selective chemical modification and CNBr-cleavage at methionine20 in catalytic activity and substrate binding properties of porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2","volume":"70","author":"van der Wiele","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB110","first-page":"125","article-title":"Structure\u2013function relationship of phospholipase A2 from snake venoms","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB111","series-title":"Venom Phospholipase A2 Enzymes: Structure, Function and Mechanism","first-page":"185","article-title":"Chemical modification and functional sites of phospholipases A2","author":"Yang","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(88)90279-6","article-title":"Role of the N-terminal region in phospholipases A2 from Naja naja atra (Taiwan cobra) and Naja nigricollis (spitting cobra) venoms","volume":"26","author":"Yang","year":"1988","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2620855","article-title":"Studies on the status of lysine residues in phospholipase A2 from Naja naja atra (Taiwan cobra) snake venom","volume":"262","author":"Yang","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2800739","article-title":"Dissociation of lethal toxicity and enzymic activity of notexin from Notechis scutatus scutatus (Australian-tiger-snake) venom by modification of tyrosine residues","volume":"280","author":"Yang","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2744(80)90227-2","article-title":"Chemical modification of histidine residue in basic phospholipase A2 from the venom of Naja nigricollis","volume":"614","author":"Yang","year":"1980","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(80)90081-1","article-title":"Chemical modification of the histidine residue in phospholipase A2 from the Hemachatus haemachatus snake venom","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"1980","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(81)90102-1","article-title":"Chemical modification of lysine and histidine residues in phospholipase A2 from the venom of Naja naja atra (Taiwan cobra)","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"1981","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(83)90268-4","article-title":"Modification of carboxylate groups in Naja naja atra snake venom phospholipase A2","volume":"21","author":"Yang","year":"1983","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01025370","article-title":"Studies on the status of tyrosyl residues in phospholipases A2 from Naja naja atra and Naja nigricollis snake venoms","volume":"4","author":"Yang","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Protein Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(92)90468-K","article-title":"Immunochemical properties of Naja naja atra (Taiwan cobra) phospholipase A2 using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(97)00169-4","article-title":"Structure of a snake venom phospholipase A2 modified by p-bromo-phenacyl-bromide","volume":"36","author":"Zhao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004_BIB122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4157","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.204.23.4157","article-title":"A snake venom phospholipase A2 blocks malaria parasite development in the mosquito midgut by inhibiting ookinete association with the midgut surface","volume":"204","author":"Zieler","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."}],"container-title":["Toxicon"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004101010300326X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004101010300326X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,13]],"date-time":"2021-06-13T12:57:37Z","timestamp":1623589057000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S004101010300326X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"references-count":123,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S004101010300326X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-0101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-0101","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]}}}