{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:51:03Z","timestamp":1777693863977,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]],"date-time":"2006-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1154390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxicon"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,4]],"date-time":"2006-07-04T15:12:31Z","timestamp":1152025951000},"page":"123-137","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["The efficacy of antivenom in loxoscelism treatment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Isolete","family":"Pauli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Puka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ida Cristina","family":"Gubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Carlos","family":"Minozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.79.4.618","article-title":"Cutaneous necrosis following a spider bite: a case report and review","volume":"79","author":"Alario","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90389-9","article-title":"Loxoscelism threatening pregnancy: five cases","volume":"165","author":"Anderson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(81)90105-7","article-title":"Purification and characterization of a toxin from brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa) venom gland extracts","volume":"19","author":"Babcock","year":"1981","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib4","first-page":"521","article-title":"Loxoscelism in Canada","volume":"138","author":"Baldwin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib5","series-title":"Animais Pe\u00e7onhentos no Brasil: Biologia, Cl\u00ednica e Terap\u00eautica dos Acidentes","first-page":"160","article-title":"Mecanismo de a\u00e7\u00e3o do veneno de Loxosceles e aspectos cl\u00ednicos do loxoscelismo","author":"Barbaro","year":"2003"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(92)90873-4","article-title":"Dermonecrotic and lethal components of Loxosceles gaucho spider venom","volume":"30","author":"Barbaro","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib7","first-page":"1491","article-title":"Identification and neutralization of biological activities in the venoms of Loxosceles spiders","volume":"29","author":"Barbaro","year":"1996","journal-title":"Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01886859","article-title":"Compared chemical properties of dermonecrotic and lethal toxins from spiders of the genus Loxosceles (Araneae)","volume":"15","author":"Barbaro","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Protein Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.12.009","article-title":"Enzymatic characterization, antigenic cross-reactivity and neutralization of dermonecrotic activity of five Loxosceles spider venoms of medical importance in the Americas","volume":"45","author":"Barbaro","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(94)70156-3","article-title":"Dapsone or eletric shock therapy of brown recluse spider envenomation?","volume":"24","author":"Barrett","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2003000300004","article-title":"The calcium-dependent protease of Loxosceles gaucho venom acts preferentially upon red cell band 3 transmembrane protein","volume":"36","author":"Barretto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib14","first-page":"16","article-title":"Estudio de la hem\u00f3lisis inducida por veneno de Loxosceles laeta. Experiencia in vitro","volume":"121","author":"Bravo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rev. M\u00e9d. Chile"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(97)00175-X","article-title":"Development and evaluation of the neutralizing capacity of horse antivenom against the Brazilian spider Loxosceles intermedia","volume":"37","author":"Braz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib16","first-page":"98","article-title":"Loxoscelism in Canada. Letter to the editor","volume":"139","author":"Boba","year":"1988","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib17","first-page":"536","article-title":"The clinical characteristics of brown recluse spider bites treated by family physicians: an OKPRN Study. Oklahoma Physicians Research Network","volume":"48","author":"Cacy","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Fam. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib18","first-page":"81","article-title":"Primeiro diagn\u00f3stico de Loxoscelismo na casu\u00edstica do Hospital Vital Brazil (HVB)","volume":"52","author":"Cardoso","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Butantan"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(90)90058-M","article-title":"Detection by enzyme immunoassay of Loxosceles gaucho venom in necrotic skin lesions caused by spider bites in Brazil","volume":"84","author":"Cardoso","year":"1990","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib20","first-page":"333","article-title":"Insect bite, complicated with fever","volume":"10","author":"Caveness","year":"1872","journal-title":"Nashville J. Med. Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(97)00159-1","article-title":"ELISA for the detection of venom antigens in experimental and clinical envenoming by Loxosceles intermedia spiders","volume":"36","author":"Ch\u00e1vez-Ol\u00f3rtegui","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib74","series-title":"Acidentes loxosc\u00e9licos\u2014Protocolo t\u00e9cnico e fluxo de aten\u00e7\u00e3o em Curitiba","year":"2002"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.08.022","article-title":"Variations in Loxosceles spider venom composition and toxicity contribute to the severity of envenomation","volume":"45","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib67","first-page":"83","article-title":"Envenenamiento por ara\u00f1as del genero Loxosceles","volume":"62","author":"de Roodt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Medicina (B. Aires)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.07.012","article-title":"Brown spiders and loxoscelism","volume":"44","author":"da Silva","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib22","series-title":"Venenos Animais: Uma Vis\u00e3o Integrada","first-page":"151","article-title":"Aranhas de import\u00e2ncia m\u00e9dica no Brasil","author":"Eickstedt","year":"1994"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib24","first-page":"423","article-title":"Loxoscelismo local dermonecr\u00f3tico en ni\u00f1os mordidos por la ara\u00f1a Loxosceles reclusa (ara\u00f1a \u201cviolinista\u201d)","volume":"135","author":"Escalante-Galindo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gac. M\u00e9d. M\u00e9x."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib26","unstructured":"Furlanetto, R.S., 1961. Estudos sobre a prepara\u00e7\u00e3o do soro antiloxosc\u00e9lico. Tese de Livre Doc\u00eancia. Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-199210000-00008","article-title":"Loxoscelism","volume":"304","author":"Futrell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib28","first-page":"117","article-title":"The spider genus Loxosceles in South America (Araneae, Scytodidae)","volume":"136","author":"Gertsch","year":"1967","journal-title":"Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib29","first-page":"264","article-title":"The spider genus Loxosceles in North America, Central America and the West Indies (Araneae, Loxoscelidae)","volume":"175","author":"Gertsch","year":"1983","journal-title":"Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199812243392617","volume":"339","year":"1998","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1999.tb00133.x","article-title":"Intradermal anti-loxosceles Fab fragments attenuate dermonecrotic arachnidism","volume":"6","author":"Gomez","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acad. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2002.122914","article-title":"A new assay for the detection of Loxosceles species (brown recluse) spider venom","volume":"39","author":"Gomez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00200-1","article-title":"Ontogenetic development of Loxosceles intermedia spider venom","volume":"37","author":"Gon\u00e7alves de Andrade","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822003000300019","article-title":"First record on Loxosceles laeta (Nicolet, 1849) (Araneae, Sicariidae) in the West Zone of S\u00e3o Paulo City, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil, and considerations regarding its geographic distribution","volume":"36","author":"Gon\u00e7alves de Andrade","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib36","first-page":"441","article-title":"Direct correlation of dermal inflammatory effects with intradermal migration of Loxosceles reclusa venom","volume":"7","author":"Greenfield","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acad. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib37","series-title":"Estudo epidemiol\u00f3gico dos acidentes com a aranha-marrom Loxosceles intermedia em Curitiba, Estado do Paran\u00e1, e avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do m\u00e9todo de ELISA como ferramenta de diagn\u00f3stico. Tese de Doutorado. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","author":"Gubert","year":"2005"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(01)00085-X","article-title":"Neutralization of dermonecrotic and lethal activities and differences among 32\u201335kDa toxins of medically important Loxosceles spider venoms in Brazil revealed by monoclonal antibodies","volume":"39","author":"Guilherme","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2004.08.028","article-title":"Loxoscelism: old obstacles, new directions","volume":"44","author":"Hogan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.02.002","article-title":"Clinical consequences of spider bites: recent advances in our understanding","volume":"43","author":"Isbister","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1081\/CLT-120021114","article-title":"Antivenom treatment in arachnidism","volume":"41","author":"Isbister","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Toxicol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00183-4","article-title":"Brown recluse spider bite to the eyelid","volume":"107","author":"Jarvis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2895","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1985.03360200045024","article-title":"Brown recluse spider bites: stay cool. Letter to the editor","volume":"254","author":"King","year":"1985","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2002.123551","article-title":"Detection of Loxosceles species venom in dermal lesions: a comparison of 4 venom recovery methods","volume":"39","author":"Krywko","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652002000300005","article-title":"Clinical and epidemiological features of definitive and presumed Loxoscelism in S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","volume":"44","author":"M\u00e1laque","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. trop. Sao Paulo"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199808063390605","article-title":"Loxoscelism","volume":"339","author":"Masters","year":"1998","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib49","first-page":"1945","article-title":"Loxoscelism. The author reply","volume":"339","author":"Masters","year":"1998","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1997.tb03738.x","article-title":"Brown recluse spider envenomation: a prospective trial of hyperbaric oxygen therapy","volume":"4","author":"Maynor","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acad. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib51","series-title":"Aspectos Epidemiol\u00f3gicos e Cl\u00ednicos de Acidentes por Loxosceles sp. no Sul do Brasil","author":"Mello da Silva","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib52","first-page":"5.42","article-title":"Acidentes loxosc\u00e9licos em Porto Alegre, RS","volume":"2","author":"Mello Guimar\u00e3es","year":"1989","journal-title":"Rev. Soc. Bras. Toxicol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1053\/ajem.2000.9272","article-title":"Detection of Loxosceles venom in lesional hair shafts and skin: application of a specific immunoassay to identify dermonecrotic arachnidism","volume":"18","author":"Miller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib54","series-title":"Manual de diagn\u00f3stico e tratamento de acidentes por animais pe\u00e7onhentos\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Nacional de Sa\u00fade, Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia, Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Vigil\u00e2ncia das Doen\u00e7as Transmitidas por Vetores e Antropozoonoses","year":"2001"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.17.5.347","article-title":"Management of brown recluse spider bites in primary care","volume":"17","author":"Mold","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Board Fam. Pract."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(01)00209-4","article-title":"Isolation and identification of Clostridium perfringes in the venom and fangs of Loxosceles intermedia (brown spider): enhancement of the dermonecrotic lesion in loxoscelism","volume":"40","author":"Monteiro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2613.2002.00241.x","article-title":"Histopathological findings in rabbits after experimental acute exposure to the Loxosceles intermedia (brown spider) venom","volume":"84","author":"Ospedal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Exp. Path."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117379","article-title":"The necrotic venom of the brown recluse spider induces dysregulated endothelial cell-dependent neutrophil activation. Differential induction of GM-CSF, IL-8, and E-selectin expression","volume":"94","author":"Patel","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(95)70296-2","article-title":"Therapy of brown spider envenomation: a controlled trial of hyperbaric oxygen, dapsone, and cyproheptadine","volume":"25","author":"Phillips","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib61","unstructured":"Platnick, N.I., 2005. The world spider catalog, version 5.5. American Museum of Natural History, online at http:\/\/research.amnh.org\/entomology\/spiders\/catalog\/index.html (June, 2005)."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0755-4982(05)83884-9","article-title":"Morsures d\u2019araign\u00e9es: les aran\u00e9ismes d\u2019importance m\u00e9dicale","volume":"34","author":"Pommier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Presse Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198111000-00018","article-title":"Management of the brown recluse spider bite","volume":"68","author":"Rees","year":"1981","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198511000-00020","article-title":"Brown recluse spider bites: a comparison of early surgical excision versus dapsone and delayed surgical excision","volume":"202","author":"Rees","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(87)80738-2","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of brown recluse spider bites","volume":"16","author":"Rees","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib66","first-page":"19","article-title":"Epidemiologia do acidente por aranhas do g\u00eanero Loxosceles Heinecken & Lowe no estado do Paran\u00e1 (Brasil)","volume":"55","author":"Ribeiro","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Butantan"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.112385","article-title":"Necrotic arachnidism","volume":"44","author":"Sams","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.4067\/S0034-98872003000400013","article-title":"Cuadros t\u00f3xicos producidos por mordeduras de ara\u00f1a en Chile: latrodectismo y loxoscelismo","volume":"131","author":"Schenone","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev. M\u00e9d. Chile"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46651989000600007","article-title":"Loxoscelismo en Chile. Estudios epidemiol\u00f3gicos, cl\u00ednicos e experimentales","volume":"31","author":"Schenone","year":"1989","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.4067\/S0370-41062001000200004","article-title":"Loxoscelismo en pediatr\u00eda. Regi\u00f3n Metropolitana, Chile","volume":"72","author":"Schenone","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev. Chil. Pediatr."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib72","first-page":"20","article-title":"Diagn\u00f3sticos hechos a 1348 pacientes que consultaron por probable mordedura de ara\u00f1as o picaduras de insectos","volume":"51","author":"Schenone","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bol. Chil. Parasitol."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib73","first-page":"78","article-title":"Loxoscelismo cut\u00e1neo de predominio edematoso","volume":"53","author":"Schenone","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bol. Chil. Parasitol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(98)90909-9","article-title":"A clinical and epidemiological study of Loxosceles spider envenoming in Santa Catarina, Brazil","volume":"92","author":"Sezerino","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib76","first-page":"1945","article-title":"Loxoscelism. Letter to the editor","volume":"339","author":"Ship","year":"1998","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib79","first-page":"98","article-title":"Loxoscelism in Canada. The author reply","volume":"139","author":"Smith","year":"1988","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra041184","article-title":"Medical progress: bites of brown recluse spiders and suspected necrotic arachnidism","volume":"352","author":"Swanson","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.9474","article-title":"Sphingomyelinases in the venom of the spider Loxosceles intermedia are responsible for both dermonecrosis and complement-dependent hemolysis","volume":"251","author":"Tambourgi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.3109\/15563658308990434","article-title":"Loxoscelism and necrotic arachnidism","volume":"21","author":"Wasserman","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1097\/01.SMJ.0000066761.59212.22","article-title":"Brown recluse spiders: a review to help guide physicians in nonendemic areas","volume":"96","author":"Wendell","year":"2003","journal-title":"South. Med. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9629(15)40859-6","article-title":"Case report: dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome associated with treatment of the bite of a brown recluse spider","volume":"296","author":"Wille","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.123.1.98","article-title":"Spider bites","volume":"123","author":"Wong","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(97)70106-9","article-title":"Clinical presentation and outcome of brown recluse spider bite","volume":"30","author":"Wright","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.4067\/S0034-98872005000200011","article-title":"Desenlace fatal por loxoscelismo cut\u00e1neo visceral","volume":"133","author":"Zambrano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev. M\u00e9d. Chile"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005_bib86","first-page":"378","article-title":"Loxoscelismo, un problema de salud en el Peru","volume":"103","author":"Zavaleta","year":"1987","journal-title":"Bol. Ofic. Sanit. Panamer."}],"container-title":["Toxicon"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004101010600184X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004101010600184X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T03:36:17Z","timestamp":1707104177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S004101010600184X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S004101010600184X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.05.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-0101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-0101","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}}}