{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T07:23:12Z","timestamp":1793431392135,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxicon"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,12]],"date-time":"2008-12-12T10:26:24Z","timestamp":1229077584000},"page":"349-359","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Intraspecific variation in the Egyptian scorpion Scorpio maurus palmatus venom collected from different biotopes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Abdel-Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Alaa A.","family":"Omran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismail M.","family":"Abdel-Nabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alistair","family":"McVean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Intraspecific diversity of morphological characters of the burrowing scorpion Scorpio maurus palmatus (Ehrenberg, 1828) in Egypt (Arachnida: Scorpionidae)","volume":"9","author":"Abdel-Nabi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Serket"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-91992008000100020","article-title":"Intraspecific diversity of scorpions' venom and its implication on the pathophysiological effects","volume":"14","author":"Abdel-Rahman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1985.59","article-title":"The effects of season of collection, feeding, maturation and gender on potency of funnel-web spider (Atrax infestus) venom","volume":"63","author":"Atkinson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib4","series-title":"Molecular Markers, Natural History and Evolution","author":"Avise","year":"1994"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-91992006000400008","article-title":"Intraspecific variation in protein of red scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus, Coconsis, Pocock) venoms from Western and Southern India","volume":"12","author":"Badhe","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2003.09.002","article-title":"Proteomics of the venom from the Amazonian scorpion Tityus cambridgei and the role of prolines on mass spectrometry analysis of toxins","volume":"803","author":"Batista","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib7","series-title":"Scorpion Biology and Research","first-page":"278","article-title":"Reproductive ecology","author":"Benton","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(00)00234-8","article-title":"An analysis of geographic and intersexual chemical variation in venoms of the spider Tegenaria agrestis (Agelenidae)","volume":"39","author":"Binford","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib57","first-page":"240","article-title":"Diversity of long-chain in Tityus zulianus and Tityus discrepans (Scorpiones, Buthidae): molecular, immunological, and mass spectral analyses","volume":"142C","author":"Borges","year":"2006","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(93)90113-W","article-title":"Venom of an aggressive African Theraphosidae (Scodra griseipes): milking the venom, a study of its toxicity and its characterization","volume":"31","author":"Celerier","year":"1993","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(91)90116-9","article-title":"Snake venom variability: methods of study, results and interpretation","volume":"29","author":"Chippaux","year":"1991","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-002-2403-4","article-title":"Genetic and ecological correlates of intraspecific variation in pitviper venom composition detected using matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and isoelectric focusing","volume":"56","author":"Creer","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Mol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00130-5","article-title":"Sex-linked variation of Loxosceles intermedia spider venoms","volume":"37","author":"Cristina de Oliveira","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib12","first-page":"155","article-title":"The role of ecology in determining venom variation in the Malayan pitviper, Calloselasma rhodostoma","volume":"70","author":"Daltry","year":"1997","journal-title":"Symp. Zool. Soc. Lond."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(95)00122-0","article-title":"Electrophoretic profiles and biological activities: intraspecific variation in the venom of the Malayan pit viper (Calloselasma rhodostoma)","volume":"34","author":"Daltry","year":"1996","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1038\/379537a0","article-title":"Diet and snake venom evolution","volume":"379","author":"Daltry","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib15","series-title":"Statistics without Maths for Psychology Using SPSS for Windows\u2122","author":"Dancey","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.10.014","article-title":"The Brazilian scorpion Tityus costatus Karsch: genes, peptides and function","volume":"45","author":"Diego-Garcia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib17","article-title":"Metabolic effect of scorpion venom","volume":"vol. 2","author":"El Asmar","year":"1984"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(85)90005-4","article-title":"Polymorphism and quantitative variations of toxins in the venom of the scorpion Androctonus australis Hector","volume":"23","author":"El Ayeb","year":"1985","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(02)00178-2","article-title":"Intraspecific variability and pharmacokinetics, characteristics of Androctonus mauretanicus scorpion venom","volume":"40","author":"El-Hafny","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib20","first-page":"20","article-title":"The scorpions of Egypt","volume":"2","author":"El-Hennawy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hunter and Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.595","article-title":"Matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography study of quantitative and qualitative variation in tarantula spider venoms","volume":"16","author":"Esccubas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39394","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M006810200","article-title":"Maurotoxin versus Pi1\/HsTx1 scorpion toxins","volume":"275","author":"Fajloun","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib23","series-title":"Catalog of the Scorpions of the World (1758\u20131998)","author":"Fet","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib24","first-page":"23","article-title":"Intraspecific variation in the venoms of the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus)","volume":"127C","author":"Francischetti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(86)80085-9","article-title":"Seasonal variation in antigens of the imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta","volume":"78","author":"Hannan","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1006\/mpev.2001.0940","article-title":"One-step PCR amplification of complete arthropod mitochondrial genomes","volume":"19","author":"Hwang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Phylogenet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib27","first-page":"223","article-title":"Nouvelles recherches sur la distribution florale","volume":"44","author":"Jaccard","year":"1908","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2873","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.01713","article-title":"Intraspecific variation of venom injected by fish-hunting Conus snails","volume":"208","author":"Jakubowski","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(97)00017-2","article-title":"Venom variability among several Tityus serrulatus specimens","volume":"35","author":"Kalapothakis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0","article-title":"Cleavage of structural of proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4","volume":"227","author":"Laemmli","year":"1970","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib31","article-title":"Scorpiones","volume":"vol. I","author":"Levy","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib33","first-page":"113","article-title":"Ontogenetic changes in the toxicity of the venom of the spider Cupiennius salei (Araneae, Ctenidae)","volume":"97","author":"Malli","year":"1993","journal-title":"Zool. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2005.11.007","article-title":"Sex-based individual variation of snake venom proteome among eighteen Bothrops jararaca siblings","volume":"47","author":"Menezes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(97)00061-5","article-title":"Variability of bothrojaracin isoforms and other venom principles in individual jararaca (Bothrops jararaca) snakes maintained under seasonally invariant conditions","volume":"36","author":"Monteiro","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0491(98)10070-6","article-title":"Bothrops jararaca snakes produce several bothrojaracin isoforms following an individual pattern","volume":"120B","author":"Monteiro","year":"1998","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(86)90409-4","article-title":"A qualitative and quantitative analysis of proteins found in vespid venoms","volume":"77","author":"Mulfinger","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3467","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.3240","article-title":"Mass fingerprinting of toxic fractions from the venom of the Indian red scorpion, Mesobuthus tamulus: biotope-specific variation in the expression of venom peptides","volume":"21","author":"Newton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1081\/TXR-100102322","article-title":"Intraspecific variation in scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus venom collected from Egypt (Sinai and Aswan deserts)","volume":"19","author":"Omran","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Toxin Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(88)90238-3","article-title":"5-Hydroxytryptamine in the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera): variation with season and with insect age","volume":"26","author":"Owen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib39","series-title":"The Simple Fool's Guide to PCR","author":"Palumi","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2307\/2845259","article-title":"Phytogeography of sand dunes in the Great Basin and Mojave deserts","volume":"16","author":"Pavlik","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Biogeogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.1999.tb01184.x","article-title":"Sexual cannibalism in scorpions: fact or fiction?","volume":"68","author":"Peretti","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol. J. Linn. Soc. Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.934","article-title":"Individual variability in Tityus serrulatus (Scorpiones, Buthidae) venom elicited by matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry","volume":"17","author":"Pimenta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib43","series-title":"The Biology of Scorpions","author":"Polis","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/4275","article-title":"Seasonal patterns and age-specific variation in the surface activity of a population of desert scorpions in relation to environmental factors","volume":"49","author":"Polis","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Anim. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib45","series-title":"Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides","first-page":"339","article-title":"Scorpion venom peptides","author":"Possani","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(99)00226-3","article-title":"Sex differences in the pharmacological activity of the venom from the white-tailed spider (Lampona cylindrata)","volume":"38","author":"Rash","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.03.022","article-title":"Current views on scorpion toxins specific for K+-channels","volume":"43","author":"Rodr\u00edguez de la Vega","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2005.09.006","article-title":"Overview of scorpion toxins specific for Na+ channels and related peptides: biodiversity, structure\u2013function relationships and evolution","volume":"46","author":"Rodr\u00edguez de la Vega","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib49","series-title":"Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual","author":"Sambrook","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib50","first-page":"249","article-title":"Diet and snake venom evolution: can local selection alone explain intraspecific venom variation?","volume":"37","author":"Sasa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib51","first-page":"247","article-title":"Toxin evolution in scorpions: evidence for toxin divergence under negative selection in Leiurus quinquestriatus","volume":"19","author":"Smertenko","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Toxin Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib61","unstructured":"Sneath, P., Sokal, R., 1973. Numerical Taxonomy: The Principles and Practice of Numerical Classification. Freeman, San Francisco."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib52","first-page":"54","article-title":"Distribution and genetic variation in venom A and B populations of the Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) in Arizona","volume":"47","author":"Wilkinson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Herpetologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6531","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/18.22.6531","article-title":"DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers","volume":"18","author":"Williams","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib54","series-title":"Scorpion Biology and Research","first-page":"347","article-title":"Molecular approaches to biogeography","author":"Yamashita","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(01)00078-2","article-title":"Precursor nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of BmTXKS1, a new scorpion toxin-like peptide from Buthus martensii Karsch","volume":"39","author":"Zhu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-1044fje","article-title":"Evolutionary origin of inhibitor cystine knot peptides","volume":"17","author":"Zhu","year":"2003","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007_bib56","series-title":"Arthropod Venoms","first-page":"317","article-title":"Chemistry and pharmacology of Buthinae scorpion venoms","author":"Zlotkin","year":"1978"}],"container-title":["Toxicon"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041010108006119?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041010108006119?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T16:48:24Z","timestamp":1632761304000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0041010108006119"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0041010108006119"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.12.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-0101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-0101","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}}}