{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:49:43Z","timestamp":1791218983491,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]],"date-time":"2009-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1246406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxicon"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,26]],"date-time":"2009-03-26T09:10:15Z","timestamp":1238058615000},"page":"33-41","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Snake venom inhibits the growth of mouse mammary tumor cells in vitro and in vivo"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Mohamed F.","family":"El-Refael","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nurul H.","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(92)90441-7","article-title":"Effects of sand viper (Cerastes cerastes) venom on isolated smooth muscle and heart and on hematological and cardiovascular parameters in the Guinea-pig","volume":"30","author":"Abdalla","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1126903","article-title":"Ways of dying: multiple pathways to apoptosis","volume":"17","author":"Adams","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"issue":"1 Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib3","article-title":"Paclitaxel in head and neck and other cancer","volume":"24","author":"Aisner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Semin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/S0270-9295(03)00089-5","article-title":"Cisplatin nephrotoxicity","volume":"23","author":"Arany","year":"2003","journal-title":"Semin. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.1023","article-title":"Hemorrhagic snake venom induces apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells","volume":"190","author":"Araki","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellbi.2006.11.007","article-title":"Antitumor effects of cationic synthetic peptides derived from Lys49 phospholipase A2 homologues of snake venoms","volume":"31","author":"Araya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib7","first-page":"211","article-title":"Degenerative and regenerative changes in murine skeletal muscle after injection of venom from the snake Bothrops asper: a histochemical and immunocytochemical study","volume":"72","author":"Arce","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int. J. Exp. Pathol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1996.d01-1730.x","article-title":"Saporin, a ribosome-inactivating protein used to prepare immunotoxin induces cell death via apoptosis","volume":"93","author":"Bergamaschi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3615","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.9.3615-3621.1997","article-title":"Necrosis versus apoptosis as the mechanism of target cell death induced by entamoeba histolytica","volume":"65","author":"Berninghausen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03251.x","article-title":"Specific in vitro biological activity of snake venom my toxins","volume":"60","author":"Bruses","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(87)90126-3","article-title":"Cytotoxic activity of various snake venoms on melanoma. B16F10 and Condrosarcoma","volume":"40","author":"Chaim-Matyas","year":"1987","journal-title":"Life. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00665947","article-title":"Characterization of platelet aggregation induced by human breast carcinoma and its inhibition by snake venom peptides, trigramin and rhodostomin","volume":"33","author":"Chiang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib13","first-page":"415","article-title":"Determination of the approximate lethal dose with about six animals","volume":"25","author":"Deichmann","year":"1943","journal-title":"J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib14","first-page":"373","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of method employed to express the degree of toxicity of a compound","volume":"30","author":"Deichmann","year":"1948","journal-title":"J. Ind. Hyg Toxicol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.76.4.1019","article-title":"Oral gossypol in the treatment of metastatic adrenal cancer","volume":"76","author":"Flack","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2007.0579","article-title":"Effect of spider venom on cell apoptosis and necrosis rates in MCF-7 cells","volume":"26","author":"Gao","year":"2007","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(86)90089-9","article-title":"Isolation and partial characterization of a myotoxin from the venom of the snake Bothrops nummifer","volume":"24","author":"Gutierrez","year":"1986","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(89)90040-8","article-title":"Myonecrosis induced in mice by a basic myotoxin isolated from the venom of the snake Bothrops nummifer (jumping viper) from Costa Rica","volume":"27","author":"Gutierrez","year":"1989","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(74)90148-8","article-title":"Experimental ischemic sympathy","volume":"23","author":"Karpati","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3923\/ijcr.2007.167.173","article-title":"Antitumor effect of snake venom (Hydrophis spiralis) on Ehrlick ascites carcinoma bearing mice","volume":"3","author":"Karthikeyan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-3636","article-title":"Targeting multiple signaling pathways by green tea polyphenol(\u2212)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate","volume":"66","author":"Khan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2567","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.71.3.2567-2571.1997","article-title":"Suppression of apoptotic DNA fragmentation in herpes simplex virus type 1-infected cells","volume":"71","author":"Koyama","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5317","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-3921","article-title":"Nanoparticle targeting of anticancer drug improves therapeutic response in animal model of human epithelial cancer","volume":"65","author":"Kukowska-Latallo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(81)90120-3","article-title":"Effects of Cerastes (Egyptian sand viper) and cerastes viper (Sahara's viper) snake venoms on blood coagulation: separation of coagulant and anticoagulant factor and their correlation with arginine esterase and protease activities","volume":"19","author":"Labib","year":"1981","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1998.9571","article-title":"Antisense downregulation of a mouse mammary tumor virus activated protooncogene in mouse mammary tumor cells reverses the malignant phenotype","volume":"255","author":"Li","year":"1999","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3835(94)90261-5","article-title":"Dietary regulation of mammary tumori genesis in RIII\/Sa mice: investigation of a possible mechanism","volume":"79","author":"Li","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib27","first-page":"183","article-title":"A novel snake venom disintegrin that inhibits human ovarian cancer dissemination and angiogenesis in an orthotropic nude mouse","volume":"31","author":"Markland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Haemostasis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(90)90081-C","article-title":"Myotoxic components of snake venoms: their biochemical and biological activities","volume":"48","author":"Mebs","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(77)90067-8","article-title":"Effects of cerastes viper snake venom on blood and bone marrow cells","volume":"15","author":"Mohamed","year":"1977","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(80)90022-7","article-title":"Metabolic studies of the Egyptian and allied african snake venoms","volume":"18","author":"Mohamed","year":"1980","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(80)90056-2","article-title":"Effect of some Egyptian and African snake venoms on blood levels of sodium and potassium","volume":"18","author":"Mohamed","year":"1980","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00874149","article-title":"VRCTC-310-1 novel compound of purified animal toxins separated anti tumor efficacy from neurotoxicity","volume":"11","author":"Newman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Investig. New Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.104.2.317","article-title":"Condensation of the chromatin at the membrane of an apoptotic nucleus is not associated with activation of an endonuclease","volume":"104","author":"Oberhammer","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(92)90058-D","article-title":"Histopathological changes in WEHI-3B leukemia cells following intoxication by cytotoxin P4 from Naja nigricollis nigricollis venom","volume":"30","author":"Oron","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib35","first-page":"584","article-title":"Effect of estrogens and antiestrgens on growth of human breast cancer cells in athymic nude mice","volume":"45","author":"Osborne","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0396-350","article-title":"Treatment of advanced solid tumors with immunotoxin LMB-1: on antibody linked to pseudomonas exotoxin","volume":"2","author":"Pai","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3064","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-09-03064.1997","article-title":"Mechanisms of cell death induced by the mitochondrial toxin 3-nitopropro pionic acid: acute excitotoxic necrosis and delayed apoptosis","volume":"17","author":"Pang","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(96)00654-5","article-title":"Plant-derived anticancer agents","volume":"53","author":"Pezzuto","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2747","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-06-0221","article-title":"Therapeutic intervention of experimental breast cancer bone metastasis by indole-3-carbinol in SCID-human mouse model","volume":"5","author":"Rahman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib40","first-page":"256","article-title":"Triflavin, and antiplatelet peptide, inhibits tumor cell extracellular matrix adhesion through an arginine\u2013glycine\u2013aspartic acid-dependent mechanism","volume":"123","author":"Sheu","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/21.3.525","article-title":"Chemoprevention of cancer","volume":"21","author":"Sporn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.499.3.4","article-title":"Intravenous liposomal delivery of the snake venom disintegrin contortrostatin limits breast cancer progression","volume":"3","author":"Swenson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3103","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00127a010","article-title":"DAPI (4\u2032,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) binds differently to DNA and RNA: minor-groove binding at AT sites and intercalation at AU sites","volume":"31","author":"Tanious","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.5.2156","article-title":"Anti-human class I MHC antibodies induce apoptosis by a pathway that is distinct from the Fas antigen-mediated pathway","volume":"158","author":"Woodle","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2005.01.013","article-title":"Inhibition of tumor formation by snake venom disintegrin","volume":"45","author":"Yang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.59.5.1333","article-title":"Rhodostomin, a snake venom disintegrin, inhibits angiogenesis elicited by basic fibroblast growth factor and suppresses tumor growth by a selective alpha-v beta-3 blockade of endothelial cells","volume":"59","author":"Yeh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006457903545","article-title":"Contortrostatin, a dimeric disintegrin from Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix, inhibits breast cancer progression","volume":"61","author":"Zhou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."}],"container-title":["Toxicon"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041010109001548?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041010109001548?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T16:22:45Z","timestamp":1684945365000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0041010109001548"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0041010109001548"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.03.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-0101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-0101","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]}}}