{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T21:29:15Z","timestamp":1789421355899,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicon"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,15]],"date-time":"2019-06-15T19:02:58Z","timestamp":1560625378000},"page":"117-122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Toxicity of crude organic extracts from the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum: A biogeography approach"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"167","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4281-2029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reia","family":"Guppy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Ackbarali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2010.11.014","article-title":"Occurrence of palytoxin-group toxins in seafood and future strategies to complement the present state of the art","volume":"57","author":"Aligizaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2015.12.004","article-title":"Distribution of palytoxin in coral reef organisms living in close proximity to an aggregation of Palythoa tuberculosa","volume":"111","author":"Aratake","year":"2016","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.200308964","article-title":"Large diameter of palytoxin induced Na\/K pump channels and modulation of palytoxin interaction by Na\/K pump ligands","volume":"123","author":"Artigas","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10e22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2013.04.007","article-title":"Occurrence of palytoxins in marine organisms from different trophic levels of the French Mediterranean coast harvested in 2009","volume":"28","author":"Bir\u00e8","year":"2013","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2016.06.013","article-title":"A revisited hemolytic assay for playtoxin detection: limitations for its quantitation in mussels","volume":"119","author":"Brovedani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867043364973","article-title":"Chemical diversity of bioactive marine natural products: an illustrative case study","volume":"11","author":"Costantino","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.05.035","article-title":"Human risk associated with palytoxin exposure","volume":"56","author":"Deeds","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2013.06.003","article-title":"Toxicity of palytoxin after repeated oral exposure in mice and in vitro effects on cardiomyocytes","volume":"75","author":"Del Favero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib9","article-title":"Triagem in vitro para atividade antitumoral e anti-Tripanossoma cruzi de extratos vegetais, produtos naturais e subst\u00e2ncias sint\u00e9ticas. 128 f. Disserta\u00e7\u00e3o (Mestrado em Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas \u2013 farmacologia) \u2013 universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","author":"Dolabela","year":"1997","journal-title":"Belo Horizonte"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Scientific opinion on marine biotoxins in shellfish \u2013 palytoxin group","volume":"1393","year":"2009","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-3623(94)00133-8","article-title":"Palytoxin - recent electrophysiological and pharmacological evidence for several mechanisms of action","volume":"26","author":"Frelin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gen. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1351\/PAC-CON-09-01-11","article-title":"Biotechnological potential of marine natural products","volume":"82","author":"Fusetani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pure Appl. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins2040878","article-title":"Marine toxins: chemistry, toxicity, occurrence and detection, with special reference to the Dutch situation","volume":"2","author":"Gerssen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521e1527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(99)00093-8","article-title":"Distribution and sequestration of palytoxin in coral reef animals","volume":"37","author":"Gleibs","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(95)00079-2","article-title":"Studies on the origin and distribution of palytoxin in a Caribbean coral reef","volume":"33","author":"Gleibs","year":"1995","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.200609505","article-title":"Palytoxin-induced effects on partial reactions of the Na\/K-ATPase","volume":"128","author":"Harmel","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0981(96)02659-7","article-title":"Marine chemical ecology: what's known and what's next?","volume":"200","author":"Hay","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0437775100","article-title":"From pump to pore: how palytoxin opens the gates","volume":"100","author":"Hilgemann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.03.009","article-title":"A casae of palytoxin poisoning due to contact with zoanthid corals through a skin injury","volume":"51","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10120537","article-title":"A sensitive LC-MS\/MS method for palytoxin using lithium cationization","volume":"10","author":"Klijnstra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.5007\/2175-7925.2012v25n3p145","article-title":"Toxicity against Artemia salina of the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum (Cnidaria: anthozoa) used in folk medicine on the coast of Pernambuco, Brazil","volume":"25","author":"Melo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biotemas"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011916","article-title":"Marine biodiversity in the caribbean: regional estimates and distribution patterns","volume":"5","author":"Miloslavich","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2010.10.003","article-title":"Palytoxin toxicology: animal studies","volume":"57","author":"Munday","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2009.05.004","article-title":"Palytoxin poisoning after dermal contact with Zoanthid coral","volume":"40","author":"Nordt","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib24","first-page":"13","article-title":"Ciguatera in the eastern caribbean","volume":"46","author":"Olsen","year":"1984","journal-title":"US Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv. Mar. Fish. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-015-1506-3","article-title":"Toxic potential of palytoxin","volume":"35","author":"Patocka","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-017-2105-8","article-title":"Palytoxin congeners","volume":"92","author":"Patocka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1039\/b302334f","article-title":"Chemical mediation of interactions among marine organisms","volume":"21","author":"Paul","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.3390\/md8072021","article-title":"Palytoxin and analogs: biological and ecological effects","volume":"8","author":"Ramos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib29","series-title":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Harmful Algae","first-page":"326","article-title":"Ostreopsis siamenis and palytoxin-related compounds in New Zealand: a risk to human health?","author":"Rhodes","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2010.09.012","article-title":"Palytoxins: biological and chemical determination","volume":"57","author":"Riob\u00f3","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2006.03.013","article-title":"Analysis of palytoxin-like in Ostreopsis cultures by liquid chromatography with precolumn derivatization and fluorescence detection","volume":"566","author":"Riob\u00f3","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1478-3975\/6\/3\/036010","article-title":"Palytoxin and the sodium\/potassium pump--phosphorylation and potassium interaction","volume":"6","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2010.09.011","article-title":"Palytoxin action on the Na+\/K+-ATPase and the disruption of ion equilibria in biological systems","volume":"57","author":"Rossini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.5348\/ijcri-201488-CR-10399","article-title":"Palytoxin poisoning via inhalation in pediatric siblings","volume":"5","author":"Rumore","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Case Rep. Images"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2006000400004","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da atividade anti-inflamat\u00f3ria e analg\u00e9sica do extrato bruto hidroalco\u00f3lico do zoant\u00eddeo Palythoa caribaeorum (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860)","volume":"16","author":"Soares","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Farmacogn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-959661","article-title":"Microwell cytotoxicity assay using Artemia salina (Brine shrimp)","volume":"59","author":"Solis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib37","series-title":"Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical Principles","first-page":"896","article-title":"Toxicology and diversity of marine toxins","author":"Tubaro","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib38","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bioactive polyethers","volume":"vol. 4","author":"Uemura","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01051","article-title":"Marine biotoxins: occurrence, toxicity, regulatory limits and reference methods","volume":"7","author":"Visciano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1258\/0007142001902914","article-title":"Marine toxins","volume":"56","author":"Whittle","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(74)90011-7","article-title":"Toxicological evaluation of palytoxin in several animal species","volume":"12","author":"Wiles","year":"1974","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.02.030","article-title":"Palytoxin: membrane mechanisms of action","volume":"54","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicon"}],"container-title":["Toxicon"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041010119301953?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041010119301953?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T21:13:36Z","timestamp":1758575616000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0041010119301953"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S0041010119301953"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-0101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-0101","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Toxicity of crude organic extracts from the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum: A biogeography approach","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicon","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}