{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T21:41:11Z","timestamp":1769722871841,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013696","name":"National Fund of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2007000672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2007000672"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013696","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicon"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T04:40:08Z","timestamp":1731559208000},"page":"108174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Venom characterization of Venezuelan scorpion Tityus caripitensis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"252","author":[{"given":"Amini","family":"Hudefe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurora","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deyanell","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caridad","family":"Malave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Parrilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8278-7377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noraida","family":"Zerpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.4236\/ojgen.2012.24027","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis of theTityus serrulatus scorpion venom gland","volume":"2","author":"Alvarenga","year":"2012","journal-title":"Open J. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2013.08.058","article-title":"IgY antibodies anti-Tityus caripitensis venom: purification and neutralization efficacy","volume":"74","author":"Alvarez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib3","first-page":"720","article-title":"Three new scorpion chloride channel toxins as potential anti-cancer drugs: computational prediction of the interactions with Hmmp-2 by docking and steered molecular dynamics simulations","volume":"18","author":"Baradaran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.18.8.623","article-title":"Exocrine pancreatic response to the venom of the scorpion, Tityus trinitaris","volume":"18","author":"Bartholomew","year":"1977","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib5","first-page":"51","article-title":"Pancreas ultrastructural alterations in mice inoculated wih Tityus discrepans (Buthidae) venom","volume":"31","author":"Blanco","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Submicr. Cytol. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib6","series-title":"ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TOXIC PROTEINS FROM THE VENOM OF THE VENEZUELAN SCORPION TITYUS DISCREPANS (KARSCH)","author":"Borges","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2007.08.006","article-title":"Characterization of Tityus scorpion venoms using synaptosome binding assays and reactivity towards Venezuelan and Brazilian Antivenoms","volume":"51","author":"Borges","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2020.105346","article-title":"Venom diversity in the Neotropical scorpion genus Tityus: implications for antivenom design emerging from molecular and immunochemical analyses across endemic areas of scorpionism","volume":"204","author":"Borges","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib9","first-page":"269","article-title":"Pancreatic in mice elicited by Tityus zulianus and Tityus discrepans scorpion venoms","volume":"45","author":"Borges","year":"2004","journal-title":"Invest. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2014.07.014","article-title":"Molecular and functional characterization of metalloserrulases, new metalloproteases from the Tityus serrulatus venom gland","volume":"90","author":"Carmo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)02683-X","article-title":"Ionic currents in PC12 cells differentiated into neuron-like cells by a q cultured-sciatic nerve conditioned medium Topic: biological effects of trophic factors: cytokines and other factors","volume":"911","author":"Castillo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2014.12.013","article-title":"The transcriptome recipe for the venom cocktail of Tityus bahiensis scorpion","volume":"95","author":"Castro de Oliveira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib13","first-page":"13","article-title":"Accidente causado por Tityus falconensis Gonzalez-Sponga, 1974","volume":"28","author":"Cazorla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Toxicol. Argent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2008.05.021","article-title":"Epidemiology of scorpionism: a global appraisal","author":"Chippaux","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.293bk.x","article-title":"Selective inhibition of a slow-inactivating voltage-dependent K+ channel in rat PC12 cells by hypoxia","volume":"502","author":"Conforti","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2010.09.003","article-title":"Assessment of biochemical and hematological parameters in rats injected with Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom","volume":"56","author":"Cusinato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-79302000000200002","article-title":"An epidemiological review of scorpion stings in Venezuela: the Northeastern region","volume":"6","author":"De Sousa","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Venom. Anim. Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.06.014","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of six novel peptides from Tityus discrepans scorpion venom. A fluorescent probe study of microbial membrane Na+ permeability changes","volume":"54","author":"D\u00edaz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1948.10483254","article-title":"A method for obtaining and analizing sensitivity data","volume":"43","author":"Dixon","year":"1948","journal-title":"J. Am. Statist. Ass."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6953","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-16-06953.2002","article-title":"Two heteromeric Kv1 potassium channels differentially regulate action potential firing","volume":"22","author":"Dodson","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib21","series-title":"Scorpion Venoms","first-page":"273","article-title":"Scorpionism and dangerous species of Venezuela","author":"D'Suze","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650601005787","article-title":"Antigenic cross-reactivity between sixteen venoms from scorpions belonging to six genera","volume":"45","author":"D'Suze","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2015.09.034","article-title":"Characterizing Tityus discrepans scorpion venom from a fractal perspective: venom complexity, effects of captivity, sexual dimorphism, differences among species","volume":"108","author":"D'Suze","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(94)00171-4","article-title":"Presence of curarizing polypeptides and a pancreatitis-inducing fraction without muscarinic effects in the venom of the venezuelan scorpion tityus discrepans (karsch)","volume":"33","author":"D'Suze","year":"1995","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2011.03.026","article-title":"Key events in microvascular damage induced by snake venom hemorrhagic metalloproteinases","author":"Escalante","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Proteonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-005-0323-4","article-title":"\u03b21-subunit modulates the Nav1.4 sodium channel by changing the surface charge","volume":"172","author":"Ferrera","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00656997","article-title":"Improved patch-clamp techniques for high-resolution current recording from cells and cell-free membrane patches","volume":"391","author":"Hamill","year":"1981","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Archiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib28","first-page":"1051","article-title":"Toxin and subunit specificity of blocking affinity of three peptide toxins for heteromultimeric, voltage-gated potassium channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes","author":"Hopkins","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.91.1.73","article-title":"Voltage-dependent K + currents and underlying single K + channels in pheochromocytoma cells","volume":"91","author":"Hoshi","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18502\/pbr.v8i3.11034","article-title":"Molecular characterization of a cDNA encoding of an anionic cysteine-free antimicrobial peptide from the Iranian scorpion Odontobuthus doriae venom glands","author":"Jalali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceut. Biomed. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.25.8.645","article-title":"Stimulation of glucag\u00f3n secretion by scorpiontoxin in the perfused rat pancreas","volume":"25","author":"Johson","year":"1976","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.285bh.x","article-title":"Scorpion toxin block of the early K- current (IKf) in rat dorsal root ganglion neurones","author":"Matteson","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(72)90239-5","article-title":"Glycaemic responses to scorpion venom","volume":"10","author":"Mohamed","year":"1972","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2012.03.026","article-title":"Jararhagin, a hemorrhagic snake venom metalloproteinase from Bothrops jararaca","volume":"60","author":"Moura-da-Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(94)90387-5","article-title":"Scorpion envenoming and the role of insulin","volume":"32","author":"Murthy","year":"1994","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(82)90072-1","article-title":"Effect of purified scorpion toxin (tityustoxin) on the pancreatic secretion of the rat","volume":"20","author":"Novaes","year":"1982","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib37","series-title":"A Hyaluronidase from Tityus Serrulatus Scorpion Venom: Isolation, Characterization and Inhibition by \u203eavonoids","author":"Pessini","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(00)01167-6","article-title":"Peptides and genes coding for scorpion toxins that affect ion-channels","volume":"82","author":"Possani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-79302000000100007","article-title":"The description of Tityus caripitensis. A new venezuelan scorpion (scorpionida, buthidae)","volume":"6","author":"Quiroga","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Venom. Anim. Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2005.09.006","article-title":"Overview of scorpion toxins specific for Na+ channels and related peptides: biodiversity, structure\u2013function relationships and evolution","volume":"46","author":"Rodr\u00edguez De La Vega","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib41","series-title":"Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides","first-page":"423","article-title":"Scorpion peptides","author":"Rodr\u00edguez de la Vega","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-49556-6","article-title":"Identification, classification, and characterization of alpha and beta subunits of LVP1 protein from the venom gland of four Iranian scorpion species","volume":"13","author":"Salabi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib43","first-page":"1011","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of toxic proteins from the venom of the Brazilian scorpion Tityus serrulaus","volume":"28","author":"Sampaio","year":"1983","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(87)90128-0","article-title":"Determination : objections to the method of Beccari as modified by Molinengo","volume":"25","author":"Sevcik","year":"1987","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11835","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.123.6.1835","article-title":"Never growth factor regulates the bundance and distribution of K channels in PC12","volume":"123","author":"Sharma","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib46","series-title":"Resulting in Cleavage of Glycophorins from the Erythrocyte Surface and Facilitating Complement-Mediated Lysis","article-title":"Loxosceles intermedia spider envenomation induces activation of an endogenous metalloproteinase","author":"Tambourgi","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4350","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.9.4350","article-title":"Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications","volume":"9","author":"Towbin","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00412-J","article-title":"Neuronal differentiation of PC12 and chick embryo ganglion cells induced by a sciatic nerve conditioned medium: characterization of the neurotrophic activity","volume":"68","author":"Villegas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)02109-5","article-title":"Neuregulin found in cultured-sciatic nerve conditioned medium causes neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells","volume":"852","author":"Villegas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-170-41447","article-title":"Scorpion toxin induced amylase secretion in Guinea pig pancreas. Evidence for a new neurotrasmiter","volume":"170","author":"Williams","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc. Soc. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2535","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76494-0","article-title":"Two mechanisms of K (+)- dependent potentiation in Kv2.1 potassium channels","volume":"79","author":"Wood","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biophys. J."}],"container-title":["Toxicon"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041010124007463?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041010124007463?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,7]],"date-time":"2024-12-07T21:13:21Z","timestamp":1733606001000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0041010124007463"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0041010124007463"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-0101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-0101","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Venom characterization of Venezuelan scorpion Tityus caripitensis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicon","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxicon.2024.108174","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108174"}}