{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T02:56:16Z","timestamp":1790477776448,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005270","name":"Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024J011339"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024J011339"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFF0606301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFF0606301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010166","name":"Xiamen Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3502Z202373120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3502Z202373120"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicology Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:21:40Z","timestamp":1765930900000},"page":"111806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Diverse impacts of cadmium exposure on adolescent liver health: Suppression of steatosis and promotion of fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"415","author":[{"given":"Si-Jie","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Wei","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Qin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Qing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Hong","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6494-9004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin-Zhun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6620","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28186620","article-title":"Cadmium toxicity and health effects\u2014a brief summary","volume":"28","author":"Charkiewicz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13010036","article-title":"Biological effects of human exposure to environmental cadmium","volume":"13","author":"Peana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(02)00381-8","article-title":"A global perspective on cadmium pollution and toxicity in non-occupationally exposed population","volume":"137","author":"Satarug","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib4","series-title":"The Priority List of Hazardous Substances","author":"ATSDR","year":"2022"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3782","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17113782","article-title":"The effects of cadmium toxicity","volume":"17","author":"Genchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.167165","article-title":"Association of cadmium environmental exposure with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"906","author":"Doccioli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1354577","article-title":"Relationship between blood cadmium levels and bone mineral density in adults: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Lei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rezaei K., Mastali G., Abbasgholinejad E., et al. Cadmium Neurotoxicity: Insights into Behavioral Effect and Neurodegenerative Diseases. 2024:143180.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.143180"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics8040094","article-title":"Effects of cadmium, lead, and mercury on the structure and function of reproductive organs","volume":"8","author":"Mass\u00e1nyi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2020.126682","article-title":"Blood cadmium levels as a marker for early lung cancer detection","volume":"64","author":"Lener","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Trace Elements Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.139411","article-title":"Cancer risk and disease burden of dietary cadmium exposure changes in Shanghai residents from 1988 to 2018","volume":"734","author":"Qing","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110259","article-title":"Cadmium exposure, fasting blood glucose changes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a longitudinal prospective study in China","volume":"192","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2012-101063","article-title":"Effects of environmental cadmium exposure on liver function in adults","volume":"70","author":"Kang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2019.02.003","article-title":"Sex-specific effects of blood cadmium on thyroid hormones and thyroid function status: Korean nationwide cross-sectional study","volume":"53","author":"Chung","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repc.2021.01.009","article-title":"P-HJRPdC. cadmium and cardiovascular disease: an overview of pathophysiology, epidemiology, therapy, and predictive value","volume":"40","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. Port Cardiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib16","first-page":"726","article-title":"Chronic cadmium exposure and cardiovascular disease in adults","volume":"55","author":"Obeng-Gyasi","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2022.105155","article-title":"A scoping review of infant and children health effects associated with cadmium exposure","volume":"131","author":"Flannery","year":"2022","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1104152","article-title":"Cadmium exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes in U.S. children","volume":"120","author":"Ciesielski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.138446","article-title":"Relationship between low-level lead, cadmium and mercury exposures and blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 8\u201317 years: an exposure-response analysis of NHANES 2007\u20132016","volume":"726","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000740","article-title":"Cadmium status among pediatric cancer patients in Egypt","volume":"94","author":"Sherief","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bone resorption and environmental exposure to cadmium in children","volume":"10","author":"Sughis","year":"2011","journal-title":"a CrossSect. Study"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-021-05215-4","article-title":"Environmental exposure to lead, mercury, and cadmium is not associated with abnormal kidney function in Korean adolescents","volume":"37","author":"Joo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39768","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-18950-4","article-title":"Association between urinary cadmium concentrations and liver function in adolescents","volume":"29","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib24","article-title":"Association of blood cadmium level with cardiometabolic risk factors and liver enzymes in a nationally representative sample of adolescents: the CASPIAN-III study","volume":"2013","author":"Kelishadi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Environ. Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000002079","article-title":"Exploring biomarkers in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"59","author":"Ahmadizar","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001171","article-title":"Ultrasound elastography is useful for evaluation of liver fibrosis in children\u2014a systematic review","volume":"63","author":"Andersen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pediatr Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-018-1516-5","article-title":"Clinical significance of hepatic steatosis according to coronary plaque morphology: assessment using controlled attenuation parameter","volume":"54","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-021-10205-7","article-title":"Controlled attenuation parameter value and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B patients under antiviral therapy","volume":"15","author":"Oh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol. Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.107214","article-title":"The impact of weekend catch-up sleep on hepatic steatosis among adults in the United States","volume":"22","author":"Hong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib30","first-page":"1002","article-title":"Timely diagnosis and staging of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using transient elastography and clinical parameters","volume":"4","author":"Shieh","year":"2020","journal-title":"JGH Open. Open. Access J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7213","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-64320-w","article-title":"Reference values of normal liver stiffness in healthy children by two methods: 2D shear wave and transient elastography","volume":"10","author":"M\u0103rginean","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib32","article-title":"Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic: report of a WHO consultation. 2000","author":"Organization","year":"2000","journal-title":"World Health Organ. Tech. Rep. Ser."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948S","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.112.172957","article-title":"Regression modeling plan for 29 biochemical indicators of diet and nutrition measured in NHANES 2003-2006","volume":"143","author":"Sternberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.08.012","article-title":"Relation of uric acid to serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and to hepatic steatosis","volume":"110","author":"Keenan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10153311","article-title":"A model incorporating serum alkaline phosphatase for prediction of liver fibrosis in adults with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"10","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"issue":"59B","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib36","first-page":"562","article-title":"Effect of heavy metals on creatinine level in human blood samples of inhabitants living in the vicinity of hudiara drain, Lahore, Pakistan","volume":"33","author":"Jadoon","year":"2021"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1002\/cld.742","article-title":"Misconception: you can't have liver disease with normal liver chemistries","volume":"12","author":"Lominadze","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. liver Dis."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4254","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-022-03521-y","article-title":"Race and gender differences in the associations between cadmium exposure and bone mineral density in US adults","volume":"201","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-025-06538-8","article-title":"Heavy metals and their relationships with lung function and airway inflammation: insights from a population-based study","volume":"23","author":"Jin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.304297","article-title":"Disparities in distribution of particulate matter emission sources by race and poverty status","volume":"108","author":"Mikati","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"issue":"(3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S649","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.131383","article-title":"Racial and socioeconomic disparities in residential proximity to polluting industrial facilities: evidence from the Americans' Changing Lives Study","volume":"3","author":"Mohai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-021-01383-9","article-title":"Heavy metal-induced lipogenic gene aberration, lipid dysregulation and obesogenic effect: a review","volume":"20","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Lett."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2298","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.2011","article-title":"Combinations of an acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitor with hepatic lipid modulating agents do not augment antifibrotic efficacy in preclinical models of NASH and fibrosis","volume":"6","author":"Vijayakumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib44","first-page":"20704","article-title":"Multiple Hits, Including Oxidative Stress, as Pathogenesis and Treatment Target in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)","volume":"14","author":"Takaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"PubMed PMID"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2020-0259","article-title":"Theobromine ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism via mTOR signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro","volume":"99","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44364-y","article-title":"Fatty acid synthesis suppresses dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid use","volume":"15","author":"Worthmann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."}],"container-title":["Toxicology Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378427425027523?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378427425027523?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T14:33:21Z","timestamp":1773930801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378427425027523"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0378427425027523"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-4274"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-4274","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diverse impacts of cadmium exposure on adolescent liver health: Suppression of steatosis and promotion of fibrosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicology Letters","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111806","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111806"}}