{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T21:31:05Z","timestamp":1793395865058,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":89,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicology Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T12:58:04Z","timestamp":1651237084000},"page":"1056-1064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Livogrit, a herbal formulation of Boerhavia diffusa, Phyllanthus niruri and Solanum nigrum reverses the thioacetamide induced hepatocellular toxicity in zebrafish model"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Acharya","family":"Balkrishna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savita","family":"Lochab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anurag","family":"Varshney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.09.019","article-title":"The liver","volume":"27","author":"Trefts","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.09.014","article-title":"Burden of liver diseases in the world","volume":"70","author":"Asrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"9930","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60121-5","article-title":"Liver cirrhosis","volume":"383","author":"Tsochatzis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11552","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i41.11552","article-title":"Genetic, metabolic and environmental factors involved in the development of liver cirrhosis in Mexico","volume":"21","author":"Ramos-Lopez","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.2174\/1871520618666180604085612","article-title":"An Overview of Natural Plant Products in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Rawat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anticancer Agents Med. Chem."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2011.558515","article-title":"Recent advances in herbal medicine for treatment of liver diseases","volume":"49","author":"Ghosh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phyplu.2021.100067","article-title":"Livogrit ameliorates acetaldehyde-induced steatosis in HepG2 cells through modulation of lipogenesis and \u03b2-oxidation pathways","volume":"1","author":"Balkrishna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytomedicine Plus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00288","article-title":"Polyherbal medicine divya sarva-kalp-kwath ameliorates persistent carbon tetrachloride induced biochemical and pathological liver impairments in wistar rats and in HepG2 cells","volume":"11","author":"Balkrishna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4849","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25204849","article-title":"Tri-herbal medicine divya sarva-kalp-kwath (Livogrit) regulates fatty acid-induced steatosis in human HepG2 cells through inhibition of intracellular triglycerides and extracellular glycerol levels","volume":"25","author":"Balkrishna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.08.034","article-title":"Zebrafish: an important tool for liver disease research","volume":"149","author":"Goessling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.09.007","article-title":"Thioacetamide accelerates steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and HCC by expressing HCV core protein in transgenic zebrafish Danio rerio","volume":"243","author":"Rekha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200220666191105121653","article-title":"Possible pathways of hepatotoxicity caused by chemical agents","volume":"20","author":"Mohi-ud-din","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Metab."},{"issue":"1086","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2015-133715","article-title":"Evaluation of abnormal liver function tests","volume":"92","author":"Agrawal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S286199","article-title":"Calcio-herbal medicine divya-swasari-vati ameliorates SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-induced pathological features and inflammation in humanized zebrafish model by moderating IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1 cytokines","volume":"13","author":"Balkrishna","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(77)80209-6","article-title":"Prednisone for chronic active liver disease: pharmacokinetics, including conversion to prednisolone","volume":"72","author":"Schalm","year":"1977","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2014.09.005","article-title":"Comparison of toxicity values across zebrafish early life stages and mammalian studies: Implications for chemical testing","volume":"55","author":"Ducharme","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib17","first-page":"58","article-title":"Effectiveness of rapid cooling as a method of euthanasia for young zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"57","author":"Wallace","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21563","article-title":"The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)","volume":"45","author":"Kamath","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.2.1177","article-title":"Calcium dependence of phalloidin-induced liver cell death","volume":"77","author":"Kane","year":"1980","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1177\/0023677218783223","article-title":"Guidelines on statistics for researchers using laboratory animals: the essentials","volume":"53","author":"Gosselin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lab. Anim."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0012.0916","article-title":"New insights about albumin and liver disease","volume":"17","author":"Carvalho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-9476.59819","article-title":"Ayurveda and the battle against chronic disease: an opportunity for Ayurveda to go mainstream?","volume":"1","author":"Hankey","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Ayurveda Integr. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-005-2942-9","article-title":"Herbal medicines for liver diseases","volume":"50","author":"Dhiman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"issue":"932","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.79.932.307","article-title":"Evaluation of abnormal liver function tests","volume":"79","author":"Limdi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Surgery and portal hypertension","volume":"1","author":"Child","year":"1964","journal-title":"Major Probl. Clin. Surg."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2004.09.012","article-title":"Hyponatremia in liver cirrhosis: pathophysiological principles of management","volume":"37","author":"Castello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2018.04.017","article-title":"MELD-Na (the new MELD) and peri-operative outcomes in emergency surgery","volume":"216","author":"Godfrey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.20524\/aog.2019.0417","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of ALBI, MELD, and Child-Pugh scores in prognosis of cirrhosis: is ALBI the new alternative?","author":"Fragaki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Gastroenterol. Published online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5193028","article-title":"Assessing the prognostic performance of the child-pugh, model for end-stage liver disease, and albumin-bilirubin scores in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: a large asian cohort from gastroenterology department","volume":"2020","author":"Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6428906","article-title":"Hepatoprotective activity of BV-7310, a proprietary herbal formulation of phyllanthus niruri, tephrosia purpurea, boerhavia diffusa, and andrographis paniculata, in alcohol-induced HepG2 cells and alcohol plus a haloalkane, CCl 4, induced liver damage","volume":"2020","author":"Dey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evidence-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.06.002","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of Solanum nigrum on thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in mice","volume":"119","author":"Hsieh","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21030269","article-title":"Solanum nigrum protects against hepatic fibrosis via suppression of hyperglycemia in high-fat\/ethanol diet-induced rats","volume":"21","author":"Tai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9070766","article-title":"Phyllanthus niruri standardized extract alleviates the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and decreases atherosclerotic risk in Sprague\u2013Dawley rats","volume":"9","author":"Al Zarzour","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"}],"container-title":["Toxicology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214750022000828?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214750022000828?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T20:44:37Z","timestamp":1793393077000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2214750022000828"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S2214750022000828"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053","relation":{},"ISSN":["2214-7500"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2214-7500","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Livogrit, a herbal formulation of Boerhavia diffusa, Phyllanthus niruri and Solanum nigrum reverses the thioacetamide induced hepatocellular toxicity in zebrafish model","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicology Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.053","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}