{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T06:46:17Z","timestamp":1783406777100,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicology Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T21:40:49Z","timestamp":1727473249000},"page":"101754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Understanding Strongyloides Stercoralis infection and its relationship to chronic alcohol abuse: Understanding pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rishvini Kailashnath","family":"Pillai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roshvin Kailashnath","family":"Pillai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinibha Rajakumari","family":"Illankovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinoth","family":"Kumarasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satyanarayana","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Gowtham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muralikrishnan","family":"Dhanasekaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vetriselvan","family":"Subramaniyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib1","series-title":"Strongyloidiasis. In StatPearls.","author":"Mora Carpio","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib2","series-title":"Strongyloidiasis. In StatPearls","author":"Mora Carpio","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2016.10.005","article-title":"Current progress toward vaccine and passive immunization approaches for Strongyloides spp","volume":"180","author":"Levenhagen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.46908","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis infection in humans: A narrative review of the most neglected parasitic disease","author":"Yeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-019-01090-x","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome: A deeper understanding of a neglected disease","volume":"43","author":"Vasquez-Rios","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Parasit. Dis."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002288","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis: Global distribution and risk factors","volume":"7","author":"Sch\u00e4r","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002640","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of five serologic tests for strongyloides stercoralis infection","volume":"8","author":"Bisoffi","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib8","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019, July 30). Strongyloidiasis. In DPDx: Laboratory Identification of Parasites of Public Health Concern. \u3008https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/dpdx\/strongyloidiasis\/index.html\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2021.02.010","article-title":"Alcohol-associated liver disease: A review on its pathophysiology, diagnosis and drug therapy","volume":"8","author":"Subramaniyan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxicol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib10","article-title":"MALAT1: A key regulator in lung cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting","volume":"253","author":"Bhat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathol. Res Pr."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8103","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19138103","article-title":"Alcohol consumption patterns: A systematic review of demographic and sociocultural influencing factors","volume":"19","author":"Khamis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib12","first-page":"185","article-title":"Impact of alcohol abuse on the adaptive immune system","volume":"37","author":"Pasala","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alcohol Res.: Curr. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000717","article-title":"Alcoholism and Strongyloides stercoralis: Daily ethanol ingestion has a positive correlation with the frequency of Strongyloides larvae in the stools","volume":"4","author":"Marques","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed3020053","article-title":"The unique life cycle of Strongyloides stercoralis and implications for public health action","volume":"3","author":"Page","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib15","unstructured":"Aristiz\u00e1bal, B., & Gonz\u00e1lez, \u00c1. (2013). Innate immune system. In Autoimmunity: From Bench to Bedside [Internet]. El Rosario University Press. \u3008https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK459455\/\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib16","first-page":"61","article-title":"Overview of the immune system","volume":"Vol. 133","author":"Medina","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib17","series-title":"Introduction to the immune system","first-page":"1","volume":"Vol. 2024","author":"McComb","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.12.980","article-title":"Overview of the immune response","volume":"125","author":"Chaplin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-021-00347-z","article-title":"Systemic immunity in cancer","volume":"21","author":"Hiam-Galvez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pulmoe.2021.03.008","article-title":"The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 immunopathology \u2013 Current perspectives","volume":"27","author":"Boechat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pulmonology"},{"issue":"6\u20137","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-020-02129-3","article-title":"New approaches to the study of immune responses in humans","volume":"139","author":"Brodin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007998","article-title":"Severe Strongyloides stercoralis infection in kidney transplant recipients: A multicenter case-control study","volume":"14","author":"Miglioli-Galv\u00e3o","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed7100310","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis: A neglected but fatal parasite","volume":"7","author":"Luvira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-023-01138-4","article-title":"Prevalence of Strongyloides in Southeast Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis with implications for public health and sustainable control strategies","volume":"12","author":"Chan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Poverty"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182016000834","article-title":"Human infection with Strongyloides stercoralis and other related Strongyloides species","volume":"144","author":"Nutman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-011-8258-2","article-title":"Innate and adaptive immunity to the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis in a mouse model","volume":"51","author":"Bonne-Ann\u00e9e","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunol. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s40475-014-0032-9","article-title":"Immune response to infection with strongyloides stercoralis in patients with infection and hyperinfection","volume":"1","author":"Weatherhead","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Trop. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib28","first-page":"1","article-title":"The diagnosis of human and companion animal Strongyloides stercoralis infection: Challenges and solutions. A scoping review","volume":"Vol. 118","author":"Buonfrate","year":"2022"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182016000111","article-title":"Strongyloides infection in rodents: Immune response and immune regulation","volume":"144","author":"Breloer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib30","first-page":"509","article-title":"Potential action of Rumex vesicarius (L.) against potassium dichromate and gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in experimental rats","volume":"31","author":"Subramaniyan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pak. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1117400","article-title":"Modified nonnutrient agar plate culture for the diagnosis of strongyloides stercoralis and hookworm infections in La-ngu district, Satun province, southern Thailand","volume":"2022","author":"Kitvatanachai","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2023.e00320","article-title":"Evidence-based indications for ivermectin in parasitic diseases: An integrated approach to context and challenges in Peru","volume":"23","author":"Failoc-Rojas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasite Epidemiol. Control"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2022.2114829","article-title":"Current pharmacotherapeutic strategies for Strongyloidiasis and the complications in its treatment","volume":"23","author":"Buonfrate","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126658","article-title":"Susceptibility of entomopathogenic nematodes to ivermectin and thiabendazole","volume":"253","author":"Barr\u00f3n-Bravo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib35","series-title":"Albendazole. In StatPearls.","author":"Malik","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib36","series-title":"Mebendazole. In StatPearls.","author":"Thakur","year":"2024"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.559","article-title":"Antiarthritic Activity of Achyranthes aspera on Formaldehyde - Induced Arthritis in Rats","volume":"7","author":"Chinnasamy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Access Maced. J. Med Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13111791","article-title":"Exploring the efficacy and safety of levamisole hydrochloride against Microcotyle sebastis in Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii): An in vitro and in vivo approach","volume":"13","author":"Woo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15037","article-title":"Adverse reactions with levamisole vary according to its indications and misuse: A systematic pharmacovigilance study","volume":"88","author":"Campillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib40","first-page":"1","article-title":"In vivo efficacy of pyrantel pamoate as a post-exposure prophylactic for rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis)","volume":"19","author":"Jacob","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol.: Drugs Drug Resist."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867325666180926145537","article-title":"The mechanism of action of praziquantel: Can new drugs exploit similar mechanisms?","volume":"27","author":"Thomas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trz093","article-title":"Triclabendazole in the treatment of human fascioliasis: A review","volume":"113","author":"Gandhi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib43","series-title":"Cephalosporins. In StatPearls.","author":"Bui","year":"2024"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-021-01013-1","article-title":"Piperacillin-tazobactam in intensive care units: A review of population pharmacokinetic analyses","volume":"60","author":"El-Haffaf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib45","series-title":"Prednisone. In StatPearls.","author":"Puckett","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.224097","article-title":"Corticosteroids improve short-term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis: Meta-analysis of individual patient data","volume":"60","author":"Mathurin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib47","series-title":"Naltrexone. In StatPearls.","author":"Singh","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib48","series-title":"Disulfiram. In StatPearls.","author":"Stokes","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00034","article-title":"Preoperative interventions for alcohol and other recreational substance use: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Budworth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3172","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612824666180807101536","article-title":"Blastocystis sp., Parasite Associated with Gastrointestinal Disorders: An Overview of its Pathogenesis, Immune Modulation and Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"24","author":"Kumarasamy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.07.016","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory features of Strongyloides stercoralis infection at diagnosis and after treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Buonfrate","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30519-5","article-title":"A single dose of ivermectin is sufficient for strongyloidiasis","volume":"19","author":"H\u00fcrlimann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30289-0","article-title":"Multiple-dose versus single-dose ivermectin for Strongyloides stercoralis infection (Strong Treat 1 to 4): A multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised controlled superiority trial","volume":"19","author":"Buonfrate","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2021.02.010","article-title":"Alcohol-associated liver disease: A review on its pathophysiology, diagnosis and drug therapy","volume":"8","author":"Subramaniyan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxicol. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trz135","article-title":"Serological assays for the diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy","volume":"114","author":"Kalantari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003018","article-title":"Strongyloidiasis\u2014An insight into its global prevalence and management","volume":"8","author":"Puthiyakunnon","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60459","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-16570-y","article-title":"Deciphering the role of nanoparticles for management of bacterial meningitis: an update on recent studies","volume":"28","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1086\/322707","article-title":"Diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis Infection","volume":"33","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.02.009","article-title":"Effect of occupational exposure to lead on serum levels of lipid profile and liver enzymes: An occupational cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Firoozichahak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxicol. Rep."}],"container-title":["Toxicology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214750024001379?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214750024001379?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T12:06:34Z","timestamp":1735301194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2214750024001379"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["S2214750024001379"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754","relation":{},"ISSN":["2214-7500"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2214-7500","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Understanding Strongyloides Stercoralis infection and its relationship to chronic alcohol abuse: Understanding pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicology Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101754","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101754"}}