{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T01:34:36Z","timestamp":1773365676178,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010174","name":"University of Colorado","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010174","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014450","name":"Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014450","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicology Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T19:07:22Z","timestamp":1761678442000},"page":"102153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["British anti-Lewisite (BAL) reduces the severity of systemic and local responses of the eye after exposure to the chemical warfare agent surrogate for Lewisite, phenylarsine oxide (PAO)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sarbani","family":"Hazra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aditya","family":"Konar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robb","family":"Welty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uday B.","family":"Kompella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2015.1127255","article-title":"Clinical progression of ocular injury following arsenical vesicant lewisite exposure","volume":"35","author":"Tewari-Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cutan. Ocul. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9298259","article-title":"Toxicity of vesicant agents scheduled for destruction by the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program","volume":"98","author":"Watson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2013.06.012","article-title":"Topical efficacy of dimercapto-chelating agents against lewisite-induced skin lesions in SKH-1 hairless mice","volume":"272","author":"Mouret","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib4","series-title":"A Manual of Pharmacology and Its Applications to Therapeutics and Toxicology","first-page":"192","author":"Sollman","year":"1957"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib5","first-page":"226","article-title":"Overview on detection of specific biomarkers of lewisite exposure in biomedical samples","volume":"20","author":"Epure","year":"2015","journal-title":"Land Forces Acad. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2020.09.004","article-title":"Considerations in developing medical countermeasures against chemical ocular toxicity","volume":"334","author":"Yeung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109156","article-title":"Supporting discovery and development of medical countermeasures for chemical injury to eye and skin","volume":"221","author":"Araj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI101736","article-title":"Jr., Clinical uses of 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL); the treatment of lewisite burns of the eye with BAL","volume":"25","author":"Hughes","year":"1946","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2003.72","article-title":"British anti-Lewisite (dimercaprol): an amazing history","volume":"41","author":"Vilensky","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1947.00890220030004","article-title":"Treatment of lewisite burns of the eye with dimercaprol (BAL)","volume":"37","author":"Hughes","year":"1947","journal-title":"Arch. Ophthal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010920718117","article-title":"2, 3-Dimercaptopropanol inhibits Ca2+ transport in microsomes from brain but not from fast-skeletal muscle","volume":"26","author":"Quinhones","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib12","series-title":"Countermeasures against Chemical Threats, J.D. Laskin, Editor","first-page":"193","article-title":"Corneal toxicity induced by vesicating agents and effective treatment options","author":"Goswami","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1039\/B816980B","article-title":"Cytotoxicity of arsenic-containing chemical warfare agent degradation products with metallomic approaches for metabolite analysis","volume":"1","author":"Kroening","year":"2009","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109354","article-title":"Retinal injury mouse model and pathophysiological assessment of the effect of arsenical vesicants","volume":"226","author":"Zhylkibayev","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5066","DOI":"10.1021\/ac3007522","article-title":"High-precision isothermal titration calorimetry with automated peak-shape analysis","volume":"84","author":"Keller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2014.11.024","article-title":"High-precision, automated integration of multiple isothermal titration calorimetric thermograms: New features of NITPIC","volume":"76","author":"Scheuermann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2016.044","article-title":"Integration and global analysis of isothermal titration calorimetry data for studying macromolecular interactions","volume":"11","author":"Brautigam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. PROTOCOLS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib18","series-title":"in Methods in Enzymology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2015.05.001","article-title":"Chapter five - calculations and publication-quality illustrations for analytical ultracentrifugation data","author":"Brautigam","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresprot.2005.10.003","article-title":"Eye-wiping test: A sensitive animal model for acute trigeminal pain studies","volume":"16","author":"Farazifard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res. Protoc."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-26214","article-title":"A murine model of acute allergic conjunctivitis induced by continuous exposure to particulate matter 2.5","volume":"60","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1990.01070070051034","article-title":"Wound healing after excimer laser keratomileusis (photorefractive keratectomy) in monkeys","volume":"108","author":"Fantes","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7944","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.17.7944","article-title":"Equilibrium and kinetic constants for the thiol-disulfide interchange reaction between glutathione and dithiothreitol","volume":"89","author":"Rothwarf","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib23","unstructured":"National Research Council Subcommittee on Chronic Reference Doses for Selected Chemical Warfare, A., in Review of the U.S. Army's Health Risk Assessments For Oral Exposure to Six Chemical-Warfare Agents. 1999, National Academies Press (US) Copyright 1999 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.: Washington (DC)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109354","article-title":"Retinal injury mouse model and pathophysiological assessment of the effect of arsenical vesicants","volume":"226","author":"Zhylkibayev","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib25","first-page":"10","article-title":"Development and evaluation of a topical foam formulation for decontamination of warfare agents","author":"Vora","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2012.08.005","article-title":"Electroanalytical and isothermal calorimetric study of As (III) complexation by the metal poisoning remediators, 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonate and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid","volume":"746","author":"Cavanillas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109672","article-title":"Metabolomics for identifying pathways involved in vesicating agent lewisite-induced corneal injury","volume":"236","author":"Mishra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1949.29.2.168","article-title":"Reactions of British anti-lewisite with arsenic and other metals in living systems","volume":"29","author":"Stocken","year":"1949","journal-title":"PhysioLog. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib29","article-title":"Skin sensitization to BAL","volume":"9","author":"Cornbleet","year":"1947","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10092302","article-title":"Corneal epithelial stem cells-physiology, pathophysiology and therapeutic options","volume":"10","author":"Ruan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232113114","article-title":"Corneal epithelial regeneration: old and new perspectives","volume":"23","author":"Nuzzi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J. Mol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Toxicology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214750025002720?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214750025002720?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T13:09:23Z","timestamp":1773320963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2214750025002720"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S2214750025002720"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153","relation":{},"ISSN":["2214-7500"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2214-7500","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"British anti-Lewisite (BAL) reduces the severity of systemic and local responses of the eye after exposure to the chemical warfare agent surrogate for Lewisite, phenylarsine oxide (PAO)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicology Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxrep.2025.102153","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102153"}}