{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T18:12:41Z","timestamp":1788199961585,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","em-consulte.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion Clinique et Biologique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T11:04:45Z","timestamp":1717671885000},"page":"167-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Iron overload: The achilles heel of \u03b2-thalassemia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Efthymia","family":"Vlachaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodora-Maria","family":"Venou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.17839","article-title":"Guidelines for the monitoring and management of iron overload in patients with haemoglobinopathies and rare anaemias","volume":"196","author":"Shah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3390\/ijns5010016","article-title":"Thalassemias: an overview","volume":"5","author":"Angastiniotis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Neonatal Screen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2023.12.003","article-title":"Unmet needs in \u03b2-thalassemia and the evolving treatment landscape","volume":"31","author":"Njeim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transfus Clin Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0020","first-page":"6","article-title":"Thalassaemia International Federation Guidelines for the Management of Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia","volume":"2022","author":"Farmakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hemasphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2023.148022","article-title":"Global distribution of \u03b2-thalassemia mutations: an update","volume":"896","author":"Rao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/frhem.2023.1187681","article-title":"Global burden and unmet needs in the treatment of transfusion-dependent \u03b2-thalassemia","volume":"2","author":"Forni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/03946320221096909","article-title":"Prevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections in multiple blood transfusion-dependent thalassemic patients in Asia: a systemic review","volume":"36","author":"Riaz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-018-3493-4","article-title":"National registry of hemoglobinopathies in Greece: updated demographics, current trends in affected births, and causes of mortality","volume":"98","author":"Voskaridou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0045","article-title":"Immigration and screening programs for hemoglobinopathies in Italy, Spain and Turkey","volume":"92","author":"Canatan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomedica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023020683","article-title":"How I treat non-transfusion-dependent \u03b2-thalassemia","volume":"142","author":"Saliba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2013.099747","article-title":"Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in thalassemia major and sickle cell disease: Indications and management recommendations from an international expert panel","volume":"99","author":"Angelucci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.2147\/TACG.S178546","article-title":"Gene therapy for beta-thalassemia: Updated perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Karponi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl Clin Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2019.100588","article-title":"Challenges of blood transfusions in \u03b2-thalassemia","volume":"37","author":"Shah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjhh.2016.09.003","article-title":"Guidelines on Beta-thalassemia major \u2013 regular blood transfusion therapy: Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular: project guidelines: Associa\u00e7\u00e3o M\u00e9dica Brasileira \u2013 2016","volume":"38","author":"Langhi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023022460","article-title":"Pretransfusion hemoglobin level and mortality in adults with transfusion-dependent \u03b2-thalassemia","volume":"143","author":"Musallam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2007.01091.x","article-title":"Calculating the required transfusion volume in children","volume":"47","author":"Davies","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transfusion (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2017.1.265","article-title":"Iron overload in thalassemia: different organs at different rates","volume":"1","author":"Taher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1345.006","article-title":"Survival and complications in thalassemia","volume":"1054","author":"Borgna-Pignatti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0095","article-title":"The (Bio)Chemistry of Non-Transferrin-Bound Iron","volume":"27","author":"Silva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4084\/mjhid.2016.058","article-title":"The ICET-A recommendations for the diagnosis and management of disturbances of glucose homeostasis in thalassemia major patients","volume":"8","author":"De Sanctis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.12513","article-title":"Onset of cardiac iron loading in pediatric patients with thalassemia major","volume":"93","author":"Wood","year":"2008","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-003-0877-x","article-title":"SQUID biosusceptometry in the measurement of hepatic iron","volume":"33","author":"Sheth","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021004938","article-title":"Deferiprone vs deferoxamine for transfusional iron overload in SCD and other anemias: a randomized, open-label noninferiority study","volume":"6","author":"Kwiatkowski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.13935","article-title":"Iron chelation therapy","volume":"110","author":"Bruzzese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1179\/102453309X385179","article-title":"Management of transfusional iron overload in Latin America: current outlook and expert panel recommendations","volume":"14","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31822-6","article-title":"Thalassaemia","volume":"391","author":"Taher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4911205","article-title":"Iron chelators in treatment of iron overload","volume":"2022","author":"Entezari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0140","article-title":"Deferasirox for the treatment of iron overload associated with regular blood transfusions (transfusional haemosiderosis) in patients suffering with chronic anaemia: a systematic review and economic evaluation","volume":"13","author":"McLeod","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess (Rockv)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-011-0927-3","article-title":"The challenges of adherence and persistence with iron chelation therapy","volume":"94","author":"Porter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0150","first-page":"4","article-title":"Estimates of the effect on hepatic iron of oral deferiprone compared with subcutaneous desferrioxamine for treatment of iron overload in thalassemia major: a systematic review","volume":"2","author":"Caro","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMC Blood Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3436","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-02-002394","article-title":"Oral chelators deferasirox and deferiprone for transfusional iron overload in thalassemia major: New data, new questions","volume":"107","author":"Neufeld","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2005.00587.x","article-title":"Evaluation of the efficacy of oral deferiprone in \u03b2-thalassemia major by multislice multiecho T2","volume":"76","author":"Pepe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-07-2948","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of deferiprone or deferoxamine in beta-thalassemia major patients with asymptomatic myocardial siderosis","author":"Pennell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09740-4","article-title":"Comparison of effects of oral deferiprone and subcutaneous desferrioxamine on myocardial iron concentrations and ventricular function in beta-thalassaemia","volume":"360","author":"Anderson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0175","first-page":"11","article-title":"The efficacy of iron chelator regimes in reducing cardiac and hepatic iron in patients with thalassaemia major: a clinical observational study","author":"Berdoukas","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.648790","article-title":"A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of the effect of combined therapy with deferoxamine and deferiprone on myocardial iron in thalassemia major using cardiovascular magnetic resonance","volume":"115","author":"Tanner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0902-4441.2006.t01-1-EJH3013.x","article-title":"Four-year evaluation of myocardial and liver iron assessed prospectively with serial MRI scans in young patients with \u03b2-thalassaemia major: comparison between different chelation regimens","volume":"78","author":"Christoforidis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0190","first-page":"10","article-title":"Combined chelation therapy in thalassemia major for the treatment of severe myocardial siderosis with left ventricular dysfunction","author":"Tanner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16071016","article-title":"The vital role played by deferiprone in the transition of thalassaemia from a fatal to a chronic disease and challenges in its repurposing for use in non-iron-loaded diseases","volume":"16","author":"Kontoghiorghes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1080\/17474086.2017.1318052","article-title":"Deferiprone for the treatment of transfusional iron overload in thalassemia","volume":"10","author":"Belmont","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S5497","article-title":"Update on the use of deferasirox in the management of iron overload","volume":"5","author":"Taher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2364","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-04-217455","article-title":"Efficacy of deferasirox in reducing and preventing cardiac iron overload in \u03b2-thalassemia","volume":"115","author":"Pennell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2010.031468","article-title":"Continued improvement in myocardial T2* over two years of deferasirox therapy in \u03b2-thalassemia major patients with cardiac iron overload","volume":"96","author":"Pennell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e31829b2be6","article-title":"Cardiovascular function and treatment in \u03b2-thalassemia major: a consensus statement from the american heart association","volume":"128","author":"Pennell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001_b0225","first-page":"2","article-title":"Access to safe blood in low-income and middle-income countries: Lesso from India","author":"Jenny","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"}],"container-title":["Transfusion Clinique et Biologique"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1246782024000636?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1246782024000636?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]],"date-time":"2024-07-20T01:17:54Z","timestamp":1721438274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1246782024000636"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1246782024000636"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1246-7820"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1246-7820","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Iron overload: The achilles heel of \u03b2-thalassemia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Transfusion Clinique et Biologique","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tracli.2024.06.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise de transfusion sanguine (SFTS). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}