{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T08:32:32Z","timestamp":1789115552682,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Translational Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T12:31:27Z","timestamp":1779539487000},"page":"102822","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Integrated histopathology\u2013transcriptomic biomarker enhances survival prediction in HNSCC patients treated with immunotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0183-3170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merzu","family":"Belete","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5647-6775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nitya","family":"Thakkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indu","family":"Khatri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8423-6533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meijian","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anantharaman","family":"Muthuswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5219-3439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iris","family":"Kolder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Soong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon W.","family":"Higgs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3012-8509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren K.","family":"Brady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sriram","family":"Sridhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00224-3","article-title":"Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"6","author":"Johnson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci11020042","article-title":"Epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"11","author":"Barsouk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/pore.2023.1611123","article-title":"The characteristics of head and neck squamous cell cancer in young adults: a retrospective single-center study","author":"R\u00e9v\u00e9sz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pathol. Oncol. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-011-0176-y","article-title":"Current treatment options for metastatic head and neck cancer","author":"Price","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2018.04.008","article-title":"Nivolumab vs investigator's choice in recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: 2-year long-term survival update of CheckMate 141 with analyses by tumor PD-L1 expression","author":"Ferris","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0912217","article-title":"Human papillomavirus and survival of patients with oropharyngeal cancer","volume":"363","author":"Ang","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djn011","article-title":"Improved survival of patients with human papillomavirus-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in a prospective clinical trial","volume":"100","author":"Fakhry","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802656","article-title":"Platinum-based chemotherapy plus cetuximab in head and neck cancer","volume":"359","author":"Vermorken","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1288695","article-title":"Multimodality treatment in recurrent\/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck: current therapy, challenges, and future perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Pannunzio","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2982","article-title":"The molecular biology of head and neck cancer","author":"Leemans","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.02508","article-title":"Pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: updated results of the phase III KEYNOTE-048 study","volume":"41","author":"Harrington","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-019-02182-1","article-title":"SUPREME-HN: a retrospective biomarker study assessing the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in patients with recurrent and\/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck","volume":"17","author":"Pai","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"10212","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32591-7","article-title":"Pembrolizumab alone or with chemotherapy versus cetuximab with chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (KEYNOTE-048): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study","volume":"394","author":"Burtness","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2022.153934","article-title":"The clinicopathological significance of PD-L1 expression assessed by the combined positive score (CPS) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","author":"Wusiman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pract."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2023.100154","article-title":"High interobserver variability among pathologists using combined positive score to evaluate PD-L1 expression in gastric, gastroesophageal junction, and esophageal adenocarcinoma","author":"Robert","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-019-0144-6","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures in the era of cancer immunotherapy","author":"Saut\u00e8s-Fridman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"issue":"7791","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1914-8","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures improve immunotherapy and survival in melanoma","volume":"577","author":"Cabrita","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7791","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1922-8","article-title":"B cells and tertiary lymphoid structures promote immunotherapy response","author":"Helmink","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0020","article-title":"Significance of p16 in site-specific HPV positive and HPV negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"2","author":"Stephen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0021","first-page":"8","article-title":"CDKN2A Copy number loss is an independent prognostic factor in HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2989","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.02625","article-title":"Pembrolizumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel as first-line therapy for recurrent\/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (KEYNOTE-B10): a single-arm phase IV trial","volume":"42","author":"Dzienis","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2000873","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures: diversity in their development, composition, and role","volume":"206","author":"Gago da Graca","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"6576","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabf9419","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf9419","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer","volume":"375","author":"Schumacher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0023","first-page":"2025","article-title":"Integrative immune subtyping of HNSCC reveals clinically relevant phenotypes and treatment-associated transitions","author":"Khatri","year":"2025","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-7","article-title":"GSVA: gene set variation analysis for microarray and RNA-seq data","volume":"14","author":"H\u00e4nzelmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0027","article-title":"scikit-survival","author":"Sebastian","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0028","series-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining","first-page":"11","article-title":"XGBoost: a scalable tree boosting system","author":"Chen","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0029","unstructured":"Ilse, M., J.M. Tomczak, and M. Welling, Attention-based deep multiple instance learning. 2018\/02\/13."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-020-00682-w","article-title":"Data-efficient and weakly supervised computational pathology on whole-slide images","volume":"5","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02504-3","article-title":"A visual-language foundation model for pathology image analysis using medical Twitter","volume":"29","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02857-3","article-title":"Towards a general-purpose foundation model for computational pathology","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0031","unstructured":"Saillard, C. et al. H-optimus-0. GitHub https:\/\/github.com\/bioptimus\/releases\/tree\/main\/models\/h-optimus\/v0 (2024)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0032","unstructured":"Zimmermann, E., et al., Virchow2: scaling self-supervised mixed magnification models in pathology. 2024\/08\/01."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0033","unstructured":"Haykin, S., Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation. 1st ed. 1994, USA: Prentice Hall PTR."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0034","unstructured":"Kingma, D.P. and J. Ba, Adam: a method for stochastic optimization. 2014\/12\/22."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.10.003","article-title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics of intratumoral immune cells reveal the immune landscape in human cancer","volume":"39","author":"Bindea","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI91190","article-title":"IFN-\u03b3-related mRNA profile predicts clinical response to PD-1 blockade","volume":"127","author":"Ayers","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0053-3","article-title":"Clinical activity and molecular correlates of response to atezolizumab alone or in combination with bevacizumab versus sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma","author":"McDermott","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-017-0215-8","article-title":"Gene expression markers of tumor infiltrating leukocytes","volume":"5","author":"Danaher","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0039","first-page":"1711","article-title":"Profiling tumor infiltrating immune cells with CIBERSORT","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23355-x","article-title":"B cell signatures and tertiary lymphoid structures contribute to outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"12","author":"Ruffin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0041","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration, FDA allows marketing of first whole slide imaging system for digital pathology. 2017."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0042","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Artificial intelligence and machine learning software as a medical device action plan. 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0043","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Considerations for the use of real-world data and real-world evidence to support regulatory decision-making for drug and biological products. 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0044","series-title":"Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Medical Devices","year":"2026"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0314209","article-title":"Effect of immortal time bias on the association between immune-related adverse events and oncological outcomes following immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"19","author":"Tamura","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Translational Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1936523326001592?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1936523326001592?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T07:41:15Z","timestamp":1789112475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1936523326001592"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S1936523326001592"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-5233"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-5233","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Integrated histopathology\u2013transcriptomic biomarker enhances survival prediction in HNSCC patients treated with immunotherapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Translational Oncology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tranon.2026.102822","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102822"}}