{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T20:14:10Z","timestamp":1786997650594,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transport Policy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T05:33:37Z","timestamp":1638768817000},"page":"165-174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Public transport strategy and epidemic prevention framework in the Context of Covid-19"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0344-9466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.R.","family":"Naveen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6245-1910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anjula","family":"Gurtoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib1","series-title":"World Economic Forum Web Site","article-title":"There is no returning to normal after COVID-19. But there is a path forward","author":"Albani","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib2","author":"Alex Kreetzer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib5","first-page":"73","article-title":"Mobility changes, teleworking, and remote communication during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile","volume":"3","author":"Astroza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Santiago"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tra.2007.06.002","article-title":"An analysis of public bus transit performance in Indian cities","volume":"41","author":"Badami","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Pol. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib7","series-title":"Sustainable Transport","first-page":"21","article-title":"Passenger transport interconnectivity as a stimulator of sustainable transport development in the European Union","author":"Bak","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib9","series-title":"Post Covid-19 Businesses and Humanity","author":"Barman","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tbs.2020.06.004","article-title":"Accessibility to opportunities based on public transport gps-monitored data: the case of Santiago, Chile","volume":"21","author":"Basso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trav. Behav. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2020.07.001","article-title":"Insights into the impact of COVID-19 on household travel and activities in Australia\u2013The early days under restrictions","volume":"96","author":"Beck","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transport Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105794","article-title":"Estimation of airborne viral emission: quanta emission rate of SARS-CoV-2 for infection risk assessment","volume":"141","author":"Buonanno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib16","series-title":"Public Transport after COVID-19: Re-building Safe and Connected Cities","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib18","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): protect yourself when using transportation","author":"CDC","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cent. Dis. Control Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trip.2020.100246","article-title":"Transport-related experiences in China in response to the Coronavirus (COVID-19)","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Interdiscip. Perspect."},{"issue":"10242","key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31142-9","article-title":"Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"395","author":"Chu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-6301(92)90011-P","article-title":"Contingency planning for emergencies","volume":"25","author":"Dickson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Long. Range Plan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib30","article-title":"Reliability analysis of bus timetabling strategy during the COVID-19 epidemic: a case study of yixing, China","volume":"2021","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Discrete Dynam Nat. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib32","author":"GIZ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trip.2021.100336","article-title":"A model for modifying the public transport service patterns to account for the imposed COVID-19 capacity","volume":"9","author":"Gkiotsalitis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Interdiscip. Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib35","volume":"15","year":"2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.35.3.215.10150","article-title":"An analytic stochastic model for the transit vehicle holding problem","volume":"35","author":"Hickman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Transport. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib38","author":"hindustantimes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib41","series-title":"COVID-19 and Social Distancing: Disparities in Mobility Adaptation by Income","author":"Iio","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib42","series-title":"Priority Safety and Health Issues in the Road Transport Sector","author":"ILO","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib43","series-title":"Case Study of the Behavioural Intentions of Public Transportation Passengers in Kuala Lumpur. Case Studies on Transport Policy","author":"Irtema","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib45","volume":"1\u201316","author":"Kaushik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gujarat. Inter.city. Transport. Regul. Auth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib48","series-title":"Virus Spreading in Public Transport Networks: the Alarming Con- Sequences of the Business as Usual Scenario","author":"Krishnakumari","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib49","author":"KSRTC"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tra.2018.01.015","article-title":"Public transport travel time perception: effects of socioeconomic characteristics, trip characteristics and facility usage","volume":"114","author":"Meng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Pol. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib54","series-title":"Guidelines of MHA during Lockdown for Preventing Covid-19","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib56","article-title":"Tracing the Sars-CoV-2 impact: the first month in Switzerland","author":"Molloy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transport. Find."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib57","unstructured":"Morawska, L., Tang, J. W., Bahnfleth, W., Bluyssen, P. M., Boerstra, A., Buonanno, G., , et al.,\u201cHow Can Airborne Transmission of COVID-19 Indoors Be Minimized."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2012.12.010","article-title":"Comparison of dynamic control strategies for transit operations","volume":"28","author":"Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transport. Res. C Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jth.2020.100853","article-title":"Editorial JTH 16\u2013The Coronavirus Disease COVID-19 and implications for transport and health","volume":"16","author":"Musselwhite","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Transport. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib62","series-title":"State Policies Affecting Competition: Passenger Road Transportation Sector, (April)","author":"Namboodiri","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib63","series-title":"Closed environments facilitate secondary transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","author":"Nishiura","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib64","volume":"1","author":"Pantuliano","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib68","article-title":"Changes in subway ridership in response to COVID-19 in Seoul, South Korea: implications for social distancing","volume":"12","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib69","article-title":"Public transportation post-COVID won't really Be that different","author":"PrassenjitLahiri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gplus (Guwahati Plus)"},{"issue":"6498","key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc6197","article-title":"Reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"368","author":"Prather","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib72","article-title":"A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations","volume":"33","author":"Qiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gen. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib73","series-title":"Returning Confidence in Public Transport in a Post-COVID-19 World","author":"Qrius","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib74","series-title":"EMG: Transmission and Control of SARS-CoV-2 on Public Transport","author":"SAGE","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cstp.2017.12.004","article-title":"SERVQUAL analysis of public bus transport services in Kumasi metropolis, Ghana: core user perspectives","author":"Sam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Case Stud. Transport Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib76","series-title":"Airborne Transmission of COVID-19: Epidemiologic Evidence from Two Outbreak Investigations","author":"Shen","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trip.2021.100348","article-title":"The effects of COVID-19 epidemic on public transport ridership and frequencies. A case study from Tampere, Finland","volume":"10","author":"Tiikkaja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Interdiscip. Perspect."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5038\/2375-0901.22.1.1","article-title":"COVID-19 and public transportation: current assessment, prospects, and research needs","volume":"22","author":"Tirachini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Publ. Transport."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib80","series-title":"Conduct Operational Measures to Prevent the Spread of Covid-19 Among Passengers in Stage Carriage\/buses","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib81","series-title":"The TUMI Observatory on COVID19. Transformative Urban Mobility Initiative","author":"TUMI","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib83","series-title":"Europe after Covid-19: Back to the Old Normal, but with New Steroids","author":"Tzannatos","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib84","author":"UITP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib85","series-title":"Covid-19 Pandemic: Resuming Public Transport Services Post-lockdown","author":"UITPa","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib86","series-title":"Management of Covid-19 Guidelines for Public Transport Operators","author":"UITPb","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2004973","article-title":"Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1","author":"van Doremalen","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib88","series-title":"Making Public Transport Safe during COVID-19","author":"Verma","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib89","series-title":"WHO Guidance for Contingency Planning","author":"WHO","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.5038\/2375-0901.15.3.5","article-title":"Evaluating the competitiveness of intercity buses in terms of sustainability indicators","volume":"15","author":"Woldeamanuel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Publ. Transport."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2020.09.009","article-title":"Transport policymaking that accounts for COVID-19 and future public health threats: a PASS approach","volume":"99","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transport Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005_bib94","article-title":"Unconventional prevention strategies for urban public transport in the COVID-19 epidemic: taking Ningbo city as a case study [J]","author":"ZHOU","year":"2020","journal-title":"China J. Highw. Transp."}],"container-title":["Transport Policy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967070X21003589?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967070X21003589?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T21:04:39Z","timestamp":1760821479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0967070X21003589"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["S0967070X21003589"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-070X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-070X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Public transport strategy and epidemic prevention framework in the Context of Covid-19","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Transport Policy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tranpol.2021.12.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}