{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T22:15:42Z","timestamp":1786313742587,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12 HL141953"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12 HL141953"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","trasci.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion and Apheresis Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T04:54:16Z","timestamp":1692939256000},"page":"103788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Clarifying the terms parasitemia, parasite density, and parasite count"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Ryan Philip","family":"Jajosky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib1","unstructured":"A Cautionary Tale: One Traveler's Ordeal with Severe Malaria.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/malaria\/stories\/malaria_ordeal.html."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab570","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of intravenous artesunate for treatment of severe malaria in the United States-April 2019 through december 2020","volume":"73","author":"Abanyie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib3","unstructured":"Ali H, Ahsan T, Mahmood T, Bakht SF, Farooq MU, Ahmed N. Parasite density and the spectrum of clinical illness in falciparum malaria. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2008 Jun;18(6):362-8. PMID: 18760048."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib4","unstructured":"Blood Specimens - Microscopic Examination Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/dpdx\/diagnosticprocedures\/blood\/microexam.html."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1002\/jca.22043","article-title":"Guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis in clinical practice - evidence-based approach from the writing committee of the American Society for Apheresis: the ninth special issue","volume":"38","author":"Connelly-Smith","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Apher"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.12366","article-title":"Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of malaria in the US: a review","volume":"328","author":"Daily","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04146-1","article-title":"Field evaluation of the diagnostic performance of EasyScan GO: a digital malaria microscopy device based on machine-learning","volume":"21","author":"Das","year":"2022","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-339","article-title":"Standardizing the measurement of parasite clearance in falciparum malaria: the parasite clearance estimator","volume":"10","author":"Flegg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03631-3","article-title":"Performance of a fully\u2010automated system on a WHO malaria microscopy evaluation slide set","volume":"20","author":"Horning","year":"2021","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib10","unstructured":"Malaria in the United States: Treatment Tables: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/malaria\/resources\/pdf\/Malaria_Treatment_Table_202306.pdf\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib11","unstructured":"Malaria Parasite Counting - Malaria Microscopy Standard Operating Procedure \u2013 MM-SOP-09: World Health Organization; 2016. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.who.int\/docs\/default-source\/wpro---documents\/toolkit\/malaria-sop\/gmp-sop-09-revised.pdf?sfvrsn=6587afac_2\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib12","unstructured":"Malaria. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2020. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/dpdx\/malaria\/index.html#tabs-2\u20133\u3009."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-777X.201626","article-title":"Analysis of the clinical profile in patients with plasmodium falciparum malaria and its association with parasite density","volume":"9","author":"Mangal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Glob Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maturana CR, de Oliveira AD, Nadal S, Bilalli B, Serrat FZ, Soley ME, Igual ES, Bosch M, Lluch AV, Abell\u00f3 A, L\u00f3pez-Codina D, Su\u00f1\u00e9 TP, Clols ES, Joseph-Munn\u00e9 J. Advances and challenges in automated malaria diagnosis using digital microscopy imaging with artificial intelligence tools: A review. Front Microbiol. 2022 Nov 15;13:1006659. doi: 10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1006659. PMID: 36458185; PMCID: PMC9705958.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1006659"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13124","article-title":"Validity and reliability of methods to microscopically detect and quantify malaria parasitaemia","volume":"23","author":"Mischlinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nema S, Rahi M, Sharma A, Bharti PK. Strengthening malaria microscopy using artificial intelligence-based approaches in India. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia. 2022 Aug 3;5:100054. doi: 10.1016\/j.lansea.2022.100054. PMID: 37383665; PMCID: PMC10305910.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lansea.2022.100054"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-5-118","article-title":"Reader technique as a source of variability in determining malaria parasite density by microscopy","volume":"5","author":"O\u2019Meara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib18","unstructured":"Recording and reporting microscopy results - Malaria Microscopy Standard Operating Procedure \u2013 MM-SOP-06B: World Health Organization; 2016. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/HTM-GMP-MM-SOP-06b\u3009."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4072","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.11.4072-4075.2000","article-title":"Detection and quantification of Plasmodium falciparum in blood samples using quantitative nucleic acid sequence-based amplification","volume":"38","author":"Schoone","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soma-Pillay P, Macdonald AP. Malaria in pregnancy. Obstet Med. 2012 Mar;5(1):2-5. doi: 10.1258\/om.2011.110063. Epub 2012 Jan 5. PMID: 27579123; PMCID: PMC4989681.","DOI":"10.1258\/om.2011.110063"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Swysen C, Vekemans J, Bruls M, Oyakhirome S, Drakeley C, Kremsner P, Greenwood B, Ofori-Anyinam O, Okech B, Villafana T, Carter T, Savarese B, Duse A, Reijman A, Ingram C, Frean J, Ogutu B; Clinical Trials Partnership Committee. Development of standardized laboratory methods and quality processes for a phase III study of the RTS, S\/AS01 candidate malaria vaccine. Malar J. 2011 Aug 4;10:223. doi: 10.1186\/1475-2875-10-223. PMID: 21816032; PMCID: PMC3220650.","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-223"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan AF, Sakam SSB, Rajahram GS, William T, Abd Rachman Isnadi MF, Daim S, Barber BE, Kho S, Sutherland CJ, Anstey NM, Yerlikaya S, van Schalkwyk DA, Grigg MJ. Diagnostic accuracy and limit of detection of ten malaria parasite lactate dehydrogenase-based rapid tests for Plasmodium knowlesi and P. falciparum. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Oct 17;12:1023219. doi: 10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1023219. PMID: 36325471; PMCID: PMC9618705.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1023219"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib23","unstructured":"Treatment of Malaria: Guidelines for Clinicians (United States): The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2023. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/malaria\/diagnosis_treatment\/clinicians1.html\u3009."},{"key":"#cr-split#-10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib24.1","unstructured":"WHO Guidelines for malaria, 14 March 2023. Geneva: World Health Organization"},{"key":"#cr-split#-10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib24.2","unstructured":"2023 (WHO\/UCN\/GMP\/ 2023.01). License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-023-04583-6","article-title":"Variability in white blood cell count during uncomplicated malaria and implications for parasite density estimation: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network individual patient data meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Wynberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Malar J"}],"container-title":["Transfusion and Apheresis Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1473050223001921?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1473050223001921?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T08:55:34Z","timestamp":1761468934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1473050223001921"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1473050223001921"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788","relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-0502"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-0502","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clarifying the terms parasitemia, parasite density, and parasite count","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Transfusion and Apheresis Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103788","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"simple-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103788"}}