{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:54:16Z","timestamp":1768524856143,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774656000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":300,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1K23HL15182"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1K23HL15182"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","trasci.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion and Apheresis Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T21:54:42Z","timestamp":1743458082000},"page":"104110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections by mode of donation and remuneration status among blood donors in Georgia, 2018\u20132023"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Ketevan","family":"Shermadini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8181-9517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evan M.","family":"Bloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaun","family":"Shadaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maia","family":"Alkhazashvili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nazibrola","family":"Chitadze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Surguladze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irinka","family":"Tskhomelidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vladimer","family":"Getia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekaterine","family":"Adamia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rania A.","family":"Tohme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamar","family":"Gabunia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-6784-3","article-title":"Hepatitis C prevalence and risk factors in Georgia, 2015: setting a baseline for elimination","volume":"19","author":"Hagan","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad064","article-title":"Nationwide hepatitis C serosurvey and progress towards hepatitis C virus elimination in the Country of Georgia, 2021","volume":"228","author":"Gamkrelidze","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015566132757","article-title":"Prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis and HIV in Georgian blood donors","volume":"17","author":"Butsashvili","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2023.103807","article-title":"Blood transfusion service in Georgia","volume":"62","author":"Shermadini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transfus Apher Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15815","article-title":"Blood transfusion safety in the country of Georgia: collateral benefit from a national hepatitis C elimination program","volume":"60","author":"Bloch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2023.03.002","article-title":"Advancing blood transfusion safety using molecular detection in the country of Georgia","volume":"30","author":"Alkhazashvili","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transfus Clin Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14949","article-title":"Blood transfusion safety in sub-Saharan Africa: a literature review of changes and challenges in the 21st century","volume":"59","author":"Weimer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-11-833996","article-title":"Prevention of transfusion-transmitted infections","volume":"133","author":"Busch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196408132710702","article-title":"Risk of post-transfusion viral hepatitis","volume":"271","author":"Grady","year":"1964","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib10","article-title":"Trends in new hepatitis C virus infections among repeat blood donors - Georgia, 2017-2023","author":"Shadaker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transfus Clin Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7330a1","article-title":"Progress toward the elimination of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in the Country of Georgia, April 2015-April 2024","volume":"73","author":"Tohme","year":"2024","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-7963(05)80030-6","article-title":"Paid-versus-volunteer blood donation in the United States: a historical review","volume":"9","author":"Domen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Transfus Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0277650","article-title":"Reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted infectious disease markers in blood and blood component donations: movement from remunerated to voluntary, non-remunerated donations in Lithuania from 2013 to 2020","volume":"17","author":"Kalibatas","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2009.09.004","article-title":"HIV, HCV, HBV and syphilis rate of positive donations among blood donations in Mali: lower rates among volunteer blood donors","volume":"16","author":"Diarra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transfus Clin Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2006.042309","article-title":"Laboratory costs of a hospital-based blood transfusion service in Malawi","volume":"60","author":"Lara","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2403596","article-title":"Ensuring a safe and sufficient global blood supply","author":"Jacobs","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-2824.2010.01423.x","article-title":"Volunteer safer than replacement donor blood: a myth revealed by evidence","volume":"5","author":"Allain","year":"2010","journal-title":"ISBT Sci Ser"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2011.08708.x","article-title":"Moving on from voluntary non-remunerated donors: who is the best blood donor?","volume":"154","author":"Allain","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3148.2009.00958.x","article-title":"The blood donor in sub-Saharan Africa: a review","volume":"20","author":"Tagny","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transfus Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01550-2","article-title":"The global blood donation index: an imperfect measure of transfusion need","volume":"404","author":"Jacobs","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3148.2007.00798.x","article-title":"Reducing replacement donors in Sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and affordability","volume":"17","author":"Bates","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transfus Med"}],"container-title":["Transfusion and Apheresis Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1473050225000448?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1473050225000448?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T19:35:17Z","timestamp":1749152117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1473050225000448"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1473050225000448"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110","relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-0502"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-0502","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections by mode of donation and remuneration status among blood donors in Georgia, 2018\u20132023","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Transfusion and Apheresis Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.transci.2025.104110","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104110"}}