{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T09:02:01Z","timestamp":1789030921035,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,1]],"date-time":"2004-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1091318400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,11]],"date-time":"2004-08-11T10:34:16Z","timestamp":1092220456000},"page":"166-170","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":195,"title":["The pattern of maxillofacial fractures in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates: A review of 230 cases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Hamad Ebrahim Al","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Jaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salem H.","family":"Abu Fanas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Karas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(03)00671-2","article-title":"Trends in the characterstics of maxillofacial fractures in Nigeria","volume":"61","author":"Fasola","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(02)00168-3","article-title":"Cranio-maxillofacial trauma: a 10 years review of 9,543 cases with 21,067 injuries","volume":"31","author":"Gassner","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9785(77)80066-5","article-title":"The different patterns of fractures of the facial skeleton in four European countries","volume":"6","author":"Van Hoof","year":"1977","journal-title":"Int J Oral Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB4","series-title":"WHO Statistics Annual 1992","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB5","first-page":"67","article-title":"Risk-taking behavior in road traffic accidents","volume":"22","author":"Bener","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Traffic Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(92)90030-M","article-title":"A perspective on road fatalities in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","volume":"24","author":"Bener","year":"1992","journal-title":"Accid Annal Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200301000-00014","article-title":"Etiology and pattern of facial fractures in the United Arab Emirates","volume":"14","author":"Klenk","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB8","first-page":"129","article-title":"Some aspects of road user behavior in selected Gulf countries","volume":"20","author":"Jadaan","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Traffic Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1177\/146642409411400603","article-title":"Casualty risk reduction from safety seat belts in a desert country","volume":"114","author":"Bener","year":"1994","journal-title":"J R Soc Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB10","first-page":"310A","article-title":"Road traffic accident statistics and data comprising Gulf countries and Riyadh area","volume":"8","author":"Al Tukhi","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(98)90146-9","article-title":"Etiology and incidence of maxillofacial fractures in the north of Jordan","volume":"86","author":"Bataineh","year":"1998","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Rehabil Radiol Endod"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1054\/bjom.2001.0716","article-title":"Changing pictures of facial fractures in northern Nigeria","volume":"40","author":"Olasoji","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-4356(94)90166-X","article-title":"Aetiology of maxillofacial fracture","volume":"32","author":"Tanaka","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB14","first-page":"177","article-title":"The first 100 patients with jaw fractures at the Department of Oral Surgery, Dental School, Huddinge","volume":"1","author":"Heimdahl","year":"1977","journal-title":"Swed Dent J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1054\/bjom.2000.0457","article-title":"Fractures of the mandibular condyle. Part 2: results of treatment of 348 patients","volume":"38","author":"Marker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB16","first-page":"630","article-title":"A review of mandibular fractures in craniomaxillofacial trauma center","volume":"28","author":"Tay","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1054\/bjom.1997.0083","article-title":"Jaw fractures in Enugu, Nigeria, 1985-95","volume":"37","author":"Oji","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1054\/ijom.2002.0208","article-title":"Serious facial fractures in New Zealand from 1979 to 1998","volume":"31","author":"Kieser","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1054\/bjom.2000.0317","article-title":"Fractures of the mandibular condyle. Part 1: patterns of distribution of types and causes of fractures in 348 patients","volume":"38","author":"Marker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-4356(93)90092-B","article-title":"Mandibular fractures in Northern Finland in the 1980s\u2014a 10-year study","volume":"31","author":"Oikarinen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1053\/joms.2003.50118","article-title":"Pattern of mandibular fractures in an urban major trauma center","volume":"61","author":"Bolaji","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB22","first-page":"285","article-title":"Jaw fractures in the county of Kopparberg and Stockholm 1979-1988. A retrospective comparative study of frequency and cause with special reference to assault","volume":"15","author":"Strom","year":"1991","journal-title":"Swed Dent J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200211000-00012","article-title":"A retrospective study on epidemiology and treatment of maxillofacial fractures","volume":"13","author":"Aksoy","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB24","first-page":"74","article-title":"A study on pedestrian accidents in some Gulf Countries","volume":"21","author":"Bener","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Traffic Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB25","first-page":"254","article-title":"Injury risk reduction from safety seat belt use","volume":"13","author":"Bener","year":"1992","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB26","first-page":"84","article-title":"Medicolegal aspects of seat belt legislation in Saudi Arabia","volume":"7","author":"Mufti","year":"1986","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9785(86)80024-2","article-title":"Incidence and aetiological pattern of jaw fractures in Greenland","volume":"15","author":"Thorn","year":"1986","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-9657.2003.00073.x","article-title":"Inner city maxillofacial fractures due to road traffic accidents","volume":"19","author":"Fasola","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dent Traumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB29","first-page":"189","article-title":"Frequency of alcohol-associated mandibular fractures in northern Finland in the 1980s","volume":"27","author":"Oikarinen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2391(87)90267-9","article-title":"Intraosseous wire fixation versus rigid osseous fixation of mandibular fractures: a preliminary report","volume":"45","author":"Theriot","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.1989.237","article-title":"Road traffic fatalities in Riyadh Central Hospital","volume":"9","author":"Al-Qabasi","year":"1989","journal-title":"Annal Saudi Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(80)90431-6","article-title":"Epidemiology of trauma deaths","volume":"140","author":"Baker","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198607000-00010","article-title":"Preventable trauma deaths","volume":"26","author":"Kreis","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(01)00044-6","article-title":"Road traffic accidents in the United Arab Emirates: trends of morbidity and mortality during 1977-1998","volume":"34","author":"El-Sadig","year":"2002","journal-title":"Accid Analy Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1097\/00063110-200303000-00009","article-title":"Maxillofacial injuries in North American vehicle crashes","volume":"10","author":"Brookes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020_BIB36","series-title":"Topical reviews in accident surgery","first-page":"5","article-title":"Epidemiology of accidents and injuries","author":"Bull","year":"1980"}],"container-title":["Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1079210404001039?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1079210404001039?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]],"date-time":"2019-02-04T19:22:08Z","timestamp":1549308128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1079210404001039"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1079210404001039"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.01.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-2104"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-2104","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}}}