{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T18:42:41Z","timestamp":1791398561711,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,7]],"date-time":"2012-12-07T13:30:55Z","timestamp":1354887055000},"page":"63-71","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["High SNP density in the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis, the principal vector of Lyme disease spirochetes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Janice","family":"Van Zee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"IV","given":"William C.","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerome","family":"Goddard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Piesman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0005","first-page":"455","article-title":"Borrelia burgdorferi, taxonomy, pathogenicity and spread","volume":"149","author":"Baranton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Med Interne (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(92)90285-Z","article-title":"Survey of human and rat microsatellites","volume":"12","author":"Beckman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.2009.185","article-title":"A comparison of recombination frequencies in intraspecific versus interspecific mapping populations of Nasonia","volume":"104","author":"Beukeboom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heredity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000336","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000336","article-title":"Pervasive hitchhiking at coding and regulatory sites in humans","volume":"5","author":"Cai","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/10290","article-title":"Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes","volume":"22","author":"Cargill","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0030","first-page":"1025","article-title":"Notice to Readers: final 2009 reports of nationally notifiable infectious diseases","volume":"59","author":"CDC, C.f.D.C.a.P.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1038\/35057281","article-title":"To a future of genetic medicine","volume":"409","author":"Chakravarti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/31.3.425","article-title":"Cytogenetic characteristics of cell lines from Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)","volume":"31","author":"Chen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3674","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti610","article-title":"Blast2GO: a universal tool for annotation, visualization and analysis in functional genomics research","volume":"21","author":"Conesa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00564-3","article-title":"Non-fatherhood or mutation? A probabilistic approach to parental exclusion in paternity testing","volume":"124","author":"Dawid","year":"2001","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1885","article-title":"A high-resolution HLA and SNP haplotype map for disease association studies in the extended human MHC","volume":"38","author":"de Bakker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1038\/380152a0","article-title":"A comprehensive genetic map of the human genome based on 5,264 microsatellites","volume":"380","author":"Dib","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585(2006)043[0166:SPOHIS]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Spatiotemporal patterns of host-seeking Ixodes scapularis nymphs (Acari: Ixodidae) in the United States","volume":"43","author":"Diuk-Wasser","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/34.2.128","article-title":"Vector competence of Ixodes scapularis, I. spinipalpis, and Dermacentor andersoni (Acari: Ixodidae) in transmitting Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease","volume":"34","author":"Dolan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2005.02553.x","article-title":"Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study","volume":"14","author":"Evanno","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/131.2.479","article-title":"Analysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes \u2013 application to human mitochondrial-DNA restriction data","volume":"131","author":"Excoffier","year":"1992","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2583.2001.00260.x","article-title":"Microsatellite loci are not abundant in all arthropod genomes: analyses in the hard tick, Ixodes scapularis and the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti","volume":"10","author":"Fagerberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Insect Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3602","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2001-12-0237","article-title":"Ixolaris, a novel recombinant tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) from the salivary gland of the tick, Ixodes scapularis: identification of factor X and factor Xa as scaffolds for the inhibition of factor VIIa\/tissue factor complex","volume":"99","author":"Francischetti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2476","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02633-08","article-title":"Climate and tick seasonality are predictors of Borrelia burgdorferi genotype distribution","volume":"75","author":"Gatewood","year":"2009","journal-title":"Applied Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2006.12.007","article-title":"Variation in genome size of argasid and ixodid ticks","volume":"37","author":"Geraci","year":"2007","journal-title":"Insect Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-0998.2010.02943.x","article-title":"Application of SNPs for population genetics of nonmodel organisms: new opportunities and challenges","volume":"11","author":"Helyar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s10577-008-9003-0","article-title":"The position of repetitive DNA sequence in the southern cattle tick genome permits chromosome identification","volume":"17","author":"Hill","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chromosome Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2005.02.004","article-title":"The Ixodes scapularis Genome Project: an opportunity for advancing tick research","volume":"21","author":"Hill","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1076181","article-title":"The genome sequence of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae","volume":"298","author":"Holt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.2010.01001.x","article-title":"Uncoordinated phylogeography of Borrelia burgdorferi and its tick vector, Ixodes scapularis","volume":"64","author":"Humphrey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14260","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.24.14260","article-title":"Complexities in the genetic structure of Anopheles gambiae populations in west Africa as revealed by microsatellite DNA analysis","volume":"95","author":"Lanzaro","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1603\/ME11108","article-title":"High degree of single nucleotide polymorphisms in California Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) sensu lato","volume":"49","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp187","article-title":"DnaSP v5: a software for comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data","volume":"25","author":"Librado","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/32.3.353","article-title":"Variation in ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers 1 among eastern populations of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)","volume":"32","author":"McLain","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/s10577-010-9120-4","article-title":"Genome organization of major tandem repeats in the hard tick, Ixodes scapularis","volume":"18","author":"Meyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chromosome Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2583.2003.00449.x","article-title":"Intraspecific DNA variation in nuclear genes of the mosquito Aedes aegypti","volume":"12","author":"Morlais","year":"2003","journal-title":"Insect Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.1998.00066.x","article-title":"Microsatellite sequences are under-represented in two mite genomes","volume":"7","author":"Navajas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Insect Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/33.1.78","article-title":"Population genetics of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) based on mitochondrial 16S and 12S genes","volume":"33","author":"Norris","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/30.1.54","article-title":"Conspecificity of the ticks Ixodes scapularis and I. dammini (Acari: Ixodidae)","volume":"30","author":"Oliver","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.2307\/3284201","article-title":"Lyme borreliosis in the southern United States: a review","volume":"82","author":"Oliver","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0175","first-page":"1","article-title":"Surveillance for Lyme disease \u2013 United States, 1992\u20131998","volume":"49","author":"Orloski","year":"2000","journal-title":"MMWR CDC Surveill Summ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.10.027","article-title":"TROSPA, an Ixodes scapularis receptor for Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"119","author":"Pal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2009.00915.x","article-title":"The distribution of microsatellites in the Nasonia parasitoid wasp genome","volume":"19","author":"Pannebakker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Insect Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0962-1083.2001.01452.x","article-title":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism characterization in species with limited available sequence information: high nucleotide diversity revealed in the avian genome","volume":"11","author":"Primmer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/155.2.945","article-title":"Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data","volume":"155","author":"Pritchard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/160.3.833","article-title":"Geographic uniformity of the Lyme disease spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi) and its shared history with tick vector (Ixodes scapularis) in the Northeastern United States","volume":"160","author":"Qiu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2005.11.005","article-title":"An annotated catalog of salivary gland transcripts from Ixodes scapularis ticks","volume":"36","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Insect Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-8286.2003.00566.x","article-title":"DISTRUCT: a program for the graphical display of population structure","volume":"4","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/32.4.402","article-title":"Evaluation of Ixodes scapularis, Amblyomma americanum, and Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae) from Georgia as vectors of a Florida strain of the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"32","author":"Sanders","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2002.01491.x","article-title":"Single nucleotide polymorphisms derived from ancestral populations show no evidence for biased diversity estimates in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"11","author":"Schlotterer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.2307\/2410134","article-title":"Isolation by distance in equilibrium and nonequilibrium populations","volume":"47","author":"Slatkin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2731","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msr121","article-title":"MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods","volume":"28","author":"Tamura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Molecular Biology Evolution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2005.00551.x","article-title":"Genome size and organization in the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis and the Southern cattle tick, Boophilus microplus","volume":"14","author":"Ullmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Insect Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2583.2003.00402.x","article-title":"A preliminary linkage map of the hard tick, Ixodes scapularis","volume":"12","author":"Ullmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Insect Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294x.1998.00351.x","article-title":"Invasion genetics of the Mediterranean fruit fly: variation in multiple nuclear introns","volume":"7","author":"Villablanca","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5366.1077","article-title":"Large-scale identification, mapping, and genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the human genome","volume":"280","author":"Wang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4758(98)01360-X","article-title":"Microsatellite markers and genotyping procedures for Anopheles gambiae","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Parasitology Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(91)90077-R","article-title":"Mapping of human chromosome 5 microsatellite DNA polymorphisms","volume":"11","author":"Weber","year":"1991","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/2.8.1123","article-title":"Mutation of human short tandem repeats","volume":"2","author":"Weber","year":"1993","journal-title":"Human Molecular Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10221","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.21.10221","article-title":"Investigation of the validity of species status of Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae) using rDNA","volume":"90","author":"Wesson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(03)00670-X","article-title":"Investigating single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density in the human genome and its implications for molecular evolution","volume":"312","author":"Zhao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gene"}],"container-title":["Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877959X12000751?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877959X12000751?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T19:37:44Z","timestamp":1643830664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1877959X12000751"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1877959X12000751"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.07.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-959X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-959X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}}}