{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:43:08Z","timestamp":1792784588005,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]],"date-time":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan International Cooperation\u2013African Business Education Initiative for Youth (JICA-ABE Initiative)"},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP16H02768"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP16H02768"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]],"date-time":"2018-06-28T15:45:40Z","timestamp":1530200740000},"page":"1475-1483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Molecular epidemiology of Babesia species, Theileria parva, and Anaplasma marginale infecting cattle and the tick control malpractices in Central and Eastern Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Dickson Stuart","family":"Tayebwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Vudriko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bumduuren","family":"Tuvshintulga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4721-2487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azirwan","family":"Guswanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arifin Budiman","family":"Nugraha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sambuu","family":"Gantuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaber El-Saber","family":"Batiha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0050-1043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon Peter","family":"Musinguzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Komugisha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonh Son","family":"Bbira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Okwee-Acai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Tweyongyere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eddie M.","family":"Wampande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Byaruhanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Franck","family":"Adjou Moumouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thillaiampalam","family":"Sivakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoaki","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikuo","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.03.006","article-title":"Acaricide resistance in cattle ticks and approaches to its management: the state of play","volume":"203","author":"Abbas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-1106-9","article-title":"Molecular detection and characterization of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Theileria species and Anaplasma marginale isolated from cattle in Kenya","volume":"8","author":"Adjou Moumouni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2014.09.003","article-title":"Artificial feeding of Rhipicephalus microplus female ticks with anti calreticulin serum do not influence tick and Babesia bigemina acquisition","volume":"6","author":"Antunes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0020","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dairy development authority report. A review of Uganda\u2019s dairy industry","volume":"3202","author":"Balikowa","year":"2011","journal-title":"FAO"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2016.06.004","article-title":"Molecular investigation of tick-borne haemoparasite infections among transhumant zebu cattle in Karamoja Region, Uganda","volume":"3","author":"Byaruhanga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijvsm.2017.07.001","article-title":"Retrospective study on cattle and poultry diseases in Uganda","volume":"5","author":"Byaruhanga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Vet. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0035","first-page":"7","article-title":"Knowledge and perceptions of traditional livestock keepers on tick-borne diseases and sero-prevalence of Theileria parva around Lake Victoria Basin","volume":"22","author":"Chenyambuga","year":"2010","journal-title":"Livest. Res. Rural Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0040","first-page":"1","article-title":"The effect of participation in the Ugandan National Agricultural Advisory Services on willingness to pay for extension services","volume":"06","author":"James","year":"2015","journal-title":"Afr. J. Agric. Resour. Econ."},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004005967","article-title":"The global importance of ticks","volume":"129","author":"Jongejan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-414","article-title":"Geographic distribution of non-clinical Theileria parva infection among indigenous cattle populations in contrasting agro-ecological zones of Uganda: implications for control strategies","volume":"7","author":"Kabi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.4236\/ojvm.2014.410026","article-title":"Epidemiology of increasing hemo-parasite burden in Ugandan cattle","volume":"4","author":"Kasozi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Open J. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v71i3.259","article-title":"Endemic stability for Theileria parva infections in Ankole calves of the Ankole ranching scheme, Uganda","volume":"71","author":"Kivaria","year":"2004","journal-title":"Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.09.012","article-title":"The natural history of Anaplasma marginale","volume":"167","author":"Kocan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2006.06.008","article-title":"Acquisition and transmission of Theileria parva by vector tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus","volume":"99","author":"Konnai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.05.022","article-title":"Clinical features associated with seroconversion to Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and Theileria parva infections in African cattle under natural tick challenge","volume":"155","author":"Magona","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.34.2.2383","article-title":"The aetiology, pathogenesis and control of theileriosis in domestic animals","volume":"34","author":"Morrison","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.2174\/092986712799828355","article-title":"Current advances in detection and treatment of babesiosis","volume":"19","author":"Mosqueda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-005-2174-1","article-title":"Strategies, effectiveness and rationale of vector-borne disease control in the pastoralist system of South-Western Uganda","volume":"37","author":"Mugisha","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-91","article-title":"Prevalence and spatial distribution of Theileria parva in cattle under crop-livestock farming systems in Tororo district, Eastern Uganda","volume":"7","author":"Muhanguzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0603-6","article-title":"The burden and spatial distribution of bovine African trypanosomes in small holder crop-livestock production systems in Tororo district, South-Eastern Uganda","volume":"7","author":"Muhanguzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5877(90)90067-R","article-title":"Cost analysis of immunization for East Coast fever by the infection and treatment method","volume":"9","author":"Mukhebi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1023\/B:TROP.0000016832.69136.68","article-title":"Treatment of East Coast fever of cattle with a combination of parvaquone and frusemide","volume":"36","author":"Musoke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-10-9","article-title":"Ethnopharmacological practices by livestock farmers in Uganda: survey experiences from Mpigi and Gulu districts","volume":"10","author":"Nabukenya","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-007-9091-4","article-title":"Milk production systems in Central Uganda: a farm economic analysis","volume":"40","author":"Ndambi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v72i1.220","article-title":"In vivo comparison of susceptibility between Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle types to Theileria parva infection","volume":"72","author":"Ndungu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.02.020","article-title":"The epidemiology of tick-borne haemoparasites as determined by the reverse line blot hybridization assay in an intensively studied cohort of calves in Western Kenya","volume":"210","author":"Njiiri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-008-9245-z","article-title":"Economic impact of ticks and tick-borne diseases on cattle production systems around Lake Mburo national park in South-Western Uganda","volume":"41","author":"Ocaido","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-2030-8","article-title":"Theileria parva genetic diversity and haemoparasite prevalence in cattle and wildlife in and around Lake Mburo national park in Uganda","volume":"108","author":"Oura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2015.11.006","article-title":"Production and dose determination of the infection and treatment method (ITM) Muguga cocktail vaccine used to control East Coast fever in cattle","volume":"7","author":"Patel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2016.07.002","article-title":"The control of East Coast fever of cattle by live parasite vaccination: a science-to-impact narrative","volume":"2","author":"Perry","year":"2016","journal-title":"One Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0155","series-title":"Identification and Mapping of Key Cross-Border Livestock Routes and Markets, Services and Priority Transboundary Animal Diseases Including Zoonotics for Regional and International Trade","author":"Regional Integration Support Programme (RISP II)","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1093\/jis\/4.1.8","article-title":"the prevalence of serum antibodies to tick-borne infections in Mbale District, Uganda: the effect of agro-ecological zone, grazing management and age of cattle","volume":"4","author":"Rubaire-Akiiki","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Insect Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2006.04.015","article-title":"Effect of agro-ecological zone and grazing system on incidence of East Coast fever in calves in Mbale and Sironko districts of Eastern Uganda","volume":"75","author":"Rubaire-Akiiki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00281","article-title":"The essential role of tick salivary glands and saliva in tick feeding and pathogen transmission","volume":"7","author":"\u0160imo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.01.041","article-title":"Molecular and serological prevalence of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina in water buffaloes in the northeast region of Thailand","volume":"178","author":"Terkawi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e76324","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076324","article-title":"Parasite co-infections and their impact on survival of indigenous cattle","volume":"9","author":"Thumbi","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(94)03107-8","article-title":"International collaborative research: significance of tick-borne hemoparasitic diseases to world animal health","volume":"57","author":"Uilenberg","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.01.035","article-title":"Babesia\u2014a historical overview","volume":"138","author":"Uilenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013001625","article-title":"The impact of co-infections on the haematological profile of East African short-horn Zebu calves","volume":"141","author":"Van Wyk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-1278-3","article-title":"Emergence of multi-acaricide resistant Rhipicephalus ticks and its implication on chemical tick control in Uganda","volume":"9","author":"Vudriko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2017.07.009","article-title":"Genetic mutations in sodium channel domain II and carboxylesterase genes associated with phenotypic resistance against synthetic pyrethroids by Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus ticks in Uganda","volume":"143","author":"Vudriko","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pest. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2017.09.011","article-title":"Evidence-based tick acaricide resistance intervention strategy in Uganda: concept and feedback of farmers and stakeholders","volume":"9","author":"Vudriko","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0215","series-title":"Ticks of Domestic Animals in Africa: A Guide to Identification of Species","first-page":"44","author":"Walker","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(90)90001-R","article-title":"Seroepidemiological studies of bovine babesiosis on Pemba island, Tanzania","volume":"37","author":"Woodward","year":"1990","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.12-0361","article-title":"Specific molecular detection and characterization of Anaplasma marginale in Mongolian cattle","volume":"75","author":"Yba\u00f1ez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."}],"container-title":["Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877959X17305551?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877959X17305551?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,20]],"date-time":"2019-10-20T00:11:11Z","timestamp":1571530271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1877959X17305551"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1877959X17305551"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-959X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-959X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Molecular epidemiology of Babesia species, Theileria parva, and Anaplasma marginale infecting cattle and the tick control malpractices in Central and Eastern Uganda","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.06.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}