{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:38:17Z","timestamp":1788514697400,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"British Veterinary Zoological Society Zebra Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015-04088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015-04088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T21:52:00Z","timestamp":1551217920000},"page":"670-676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Babesia odocoilei and zoonotic pathogens identified from Ixodes scapularis ticks in southern Ontario, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7797-2217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellie L.","family":"Milnes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1743-7618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grace","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre N.","family":"L\u00e9veill\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Delnatte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Barta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3730-2857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dale A.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Nemeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2","article-title":"Basic local alignment search tool","volume":"215","author":"Altschul","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0010","first-page":"1573","article-title":"Lyme borreliosis in Ontario: determining the risks","volume":"162","author":"Barker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/209521","article-title":"The first case of locally acquired tick-borne Babesia microti infection in Canada","volume":"25","author":"Bullard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can. J. Infect. Dis. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2017.03.003","article-title":"The influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the invasion of Ixodes scapularis in Ontario, Canada","volume":"8","author":"Clow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ticks Tick. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3164","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.7.3164-3168.2004","article-title":"Multiplex real-time PCR for detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"42","author":"Courtney","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-183","article-title":"The prevalence of Borrelia miyamotoi infection, and co-infections with other Borrelia spp. In Ixodes scapularis ticks collected in Canada","volume":"7","author":"Dibernardo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1112.050898","article-title":"Human granulocytic anaplasmosis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum","volume":"11","author":"Dumler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2013.00029","article-title":"Research on the ecology of ticks and tick-borne pathogens\u2014methodological principles and caveats","volume":"3","author":"Estrada-Pe\u00f1a","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.1139\/z00-162","article-title":"Modeling the role of songbirds and rodents in the ecology of Lyme disease","volume":"78","author":"Giardina","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0050","series-title":"The North American Bird Banding Manual (Electronic Version 1.0)","author":"Gustafson","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1810.120511","article-title":"Wild birds and urban ecology of ticks and tick-borne pathogens, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 2005-2010","volume":"18","author":"Hamer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1812.111392","article-title":"Reservoir competence of wildlife host species for Babesia microti","volume":"18","author":"Hersh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-36.3.518","article-title":"Antigenic, phenotypic and molecular characterization confirms Babesia odocoilei isolated from three cervids","volume":"36","author":"Holman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/26.5.435","article-title":"Pictorial key to the adults of hard ticks, family Ixodidae (Ixodida: ixodoidea), east of the Mississippi River","volume":"26","author":"Keirans","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2012.02112.x","article-title":"Predicting the speed of tick invasion: an empirical model of range expansion for the Lyme disease vector ixodes scapularis in Canada","volume":"49","author":"Leighton","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-004-1725-x","article-title":"The influence of climate on the timing and rate of spring bird migration","volume":"142","author":"Marra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0085","first-page":"52","article-title":"Babesia odocoilei as a cause of mortality in captive cervids in Canada","volume":"59","author":"Mathieu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can. Vet. J."},{"issue":"Apr. (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0090","article-title":"Molecular detection of Babesia odocoilei in wild, farmed, and zoo cervids in Ontario, Canada","volume":"55","author":"Milnes","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105358","article-title":"Population-based passive tick surveillance and detection of expanding foci of blacklegged ticks Ixodes scapularis and the Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi in Ontario, Canada","volume":"9","author":"Nelder","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/43.3.600","article-title":"Ixodes scapularis ticks collected by passive surveillance in Canada: analysis of geographic distribution and infection with Lyme borreliosis agent Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"43","author":"Ogden","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01982-07","article-title":"Role of migratory birds in introduction and range expansion of Ixodes scapularis ticks and of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Canada","volume":"74","author":"Ogden","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2015.06.004","article-title":"How far north are migrant birds transporting the tick ixodes scapularis in Canada? Insights from stable hydrogen isotope analyses of feathers","volume":"6","author":"Ogden","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2017.07.008","article-title":"Phylogenies based on combined mitochondrial and nuclear sequences conflict with morphologically defined genera in the eimeriid coccidia (Apicomplexa)","volume":"48","author":"Ogedengbe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.05.004","article-title":"Molecular and serologic evidence for Babesia bovis-like parasites in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in south Texas","volume":"172","author":"Ramos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-40.2.179","article-title":"Deer density and the abundance of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: ixodidae)","volume":"40","author":"Rand","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1948-7134.2010.00068.x","article-title":"Detection of Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, including three novel genotypes in ticks (Acari: ixodidae) collected from songbirds (Passeriformes) across Canada","volume":"35","author":"Scott","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Vector Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0135","series-title":"The Sibley Guide to Birds","author":"Sibley","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1638\/2016-0247R.1","article-title":"Clinical disease associated with Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in captive Przewalski's horses (Equus ferus przewalskii)","volume":"48","author":"Sim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Zoo Wildl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0145","series-title":"COSEWIC Assessment and Update Status Report on the Woodland Caribou, Rangifer tarandus Caribou","author":"Thomas","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.01.035","article-title":"Babesia\u2014a historical overview","volume":"138","author":"Uilenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-26.3.390","article-title":"Transmission of Babesia odocoilei in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) by Ixodes scapularis (Acari: ixodidae)","volume":"26","author":"Waldrup","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-12.1.66","article-title":"Ixodes scapularis say on white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from Long Point, Ontario","volume":"12","author":"Watson","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."}],"container-title":["Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877959X18303984?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877959X18303984?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T11:42:33Z","timestamp":1565178153000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1877959X18303984"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1877959X18303984"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-959X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-959X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Babesia odocoilei and zoonotic pathogens identified from Ixodes scapularis ticks in southern Ontario, Canada","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.02.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}