{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T06:33:00Z","timestamp":1784874780125,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001604","name":"Teagasc","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001604","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]],"date-time":"2020-07-24T01:27:27Z","timestamp":1595554047000},"page":"101518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Update on the presence of Ixodes ricinus at the western limit of its range and the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Annetta","family":"Zintl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taher","family":"Zaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"McKiernan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amalia","family":"Naranjo-Lucena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sorcha","family":"Brosnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Mee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Good","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma L.","family":"Gillingham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander G.C.","family":"Vaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolyon","family":"Medlock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2375-2","article-title":"Surveillance of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Acari: ixodidae) in Iceland","volume":"10","author":"Alfredsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6948.188","article-title":"Diagnostic tests 3: receiver operating characteristic plots","volume":"309","author":"Altman","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0015","series-title":"Classification and Regression Trees","author":"Breiman","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0020","series-title":"Ticks of Europe and North Africa, a Guide to Species Identification","author":"Estrada- Pe\u00f1a","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2014.05.003","article-title":"Description of all the stages of Ixodes inopinatus n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae)","volume":"5","author":"Estrada-Pe\u00f1a","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006070416135","article-title":"The ecology of ticks transmitting Lyme borreliosis","volume":"22","author":"Gray","year":"1998","journal-title":"Exp. Appl. Acarol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0035","first-page":"75","article-title":"An estimation of the prevalence and economic importance of clinical bovine babesiosis in the Republic of Ireland","volume":"39","author":"Gray","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ir. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/29.6.915","article-title":"Studies on the ecology of lyme disease in a deer forest in County Galway, Ireland","volume":"29","author":"Gray","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00046288","article-title":"The spatial distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi-infected Ixodes ricinus in the Connemara region of County Galway, Ireland","volume":"19","author":"Gray","year":"1995","journal-title":"Exp. Appl. Acarol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02942796","article-title":"First isolation and characterisation of Borrelia garinii, agent of Lyme borreliosis from Irish ticks","volume":"165","author":"Gray","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ir. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0934-8840(98)80123-0","article-title":"Lyme borreliosis habitat assessment","volume":"287","author":"Gray","year":"1998","journal-title":"Zentralbl. Bakteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006233700194","article-title":"Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ixodes ricinus ticks and rodents in a recreational park in south-western Ireland","volume":"23","author":"Gray","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp. Appl. Acarol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007642908546","article-title":"Limited role of rodents as reservoirs of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ireland","volume":"16","author":"Gray","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/593232","article-title":"Effects of climate change on ticks and tick-borne diseases in Europe","volume":"2009","author":"Gray","year":"2009","journal-title":"Interdiscip. Perspect. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3205","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-019-06506-4","article-title":"Ixodes inopinatus in northern Germany: occurrence and potential vector role for Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in comparison with Ixodes ricinus","volume":"118","author":"Hauck","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0080","series-title":"Report of the Lyme Borreliosis Subcommittee of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Health Protection Surveillance Centre","article-title":"Primary prevention and surveillance of Lyme borreliosis in Ireland","author":"Health Protection Surveillance Centre","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0085","series-title":"Synopses of the British Fauna. No 52. Linnean Society of London and The Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association. Montford Bridge","article-title":"Ticks of North West Europe","author":"Hillyard","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2015.07.002","article-title":"Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato-infected Ixodes ricinus collected from vegetation near the Arctic Circle","volume":"6","author":"Hvidsten","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2014.00129","article-title":"The heterogeneity, distribution, and environmental associations of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the agent of Lyme borreliosis, in Scotland","volume":"2","author":"James","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007360422975","article-title":"The distribution and prevalence of B. burgdorferi genomospecies in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Ireland","volume":"13","author":"Kirstein","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.63.3.1102-1106.1997","article-title":"Local variations in the distribution and prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genomospecies in Ixodes ricinus ticks","volume":"63","author":"Kirstein","year":"1997","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209881","article-title":"Metagenomic 16S rRNA gene sequencing survey of Borrelia species in Irish samples of Ixodes ricinus ticks","volume":"14","author":"Lambert","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108119","article-title":"Impact of climatic change on the northern latitude limit and population density of the disease-transmitting European tick Ixodes ricinus","volume":"108","author":"Lindgren","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0125","first-page":"1","article-title":"Lyme disease awareness day. Disease surveillance report of HPSC, Ireland","volume":"19","author":"McKeown","year":"2018","journal-title":"EpiInsight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12235","article-title":"Distribution of the tick dermacentor reticulatus in the United Kingdom","volume":"31","author":"Medlock","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Vet. Entomol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12335","article-title":"Has the red sheep tick, Haemaphysalis punctata, recently expanded its range in England?","volume":"32","author":"Medlock","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Vet. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0140","first-page":"1","article-title":"High- throughput screening of tick-borne pathogens in Europe","volume":"24","author":"Michelet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0145","series-title":"Introduction to the Practice of Statistics","author":"Moore","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2005.5.172","article-title":"Blood-meal analysis for the identification of reservoir hosts of tick-borne pathogens in Ireland","volume":"5","author":"Pichon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7203","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.11.7203-7216.2005","article-title":"Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Europe: a metaanalysis","volume":"71","author":"Rauter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3091","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.12.3091-3095.1995","article-title":"Simultaneous detection and genotyping of three genomic groups of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Dutch Ixodes ricinus ticks by characterization of the amplified intergenic spacer region between 5S and 23S rRNA genes","volume":"33","author":"Rijpkema","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19906","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.16.27.19906-en","article-title":"Lyme borreliosis in Europe","volume":"16","author":"Rizzoli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3757","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.174.11.3757-3765.1992","article-title":"rRNA gene organization in the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"174","author":"Schwartz","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03492.x","article-title":"The expanding Lyme Borrelia complex\u2014clinical significance of genomic species?","volume":"17","author":"Stanek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03175.x","article-title":"Lyme borreliosis: clinical case definitions for diagnosis and management in Europe","volume":"17","author":"Stanek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00609","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00609-17","article-title":"Europe-wide meta-analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato prevalence in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks","volume":"83","author":"Strnad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0190","series-title":"Ireland Needs More Detailed Land-use Maps","author":"Thompson","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/17843286.2019.1694293","article-title":"Lyme disease in Western Europe: an emerging problem? A systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Vandekerckhove","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Clin. Belg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-0481-67-19","article-title":"Changing incidence of bovine babesiosis in Ireland","volume":"67","author":"Zintl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ir. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13620-017-0084-y","article-title":"Ticks and tick-borne diseases in Ireland","volume":"70","author":"Zintl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ir. Vet. J."}],"container-title":["Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877959X20301424?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877959X20301424?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,4]],"date-time":"2022-11-04T06:42:11Z","timestamp":1667544131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1877959X20301424"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1877959X20301424"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-959X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-959X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Update on the presence of Ixodes ricinus at the western limit of its range and the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101518"}}