{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:08Z","timestamp":1791417608491,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of South-Africa","award":["CPRR13091742482"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CPRR13091742482"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["tuberculosisjournal.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tuberculosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,25]],"date-time":"2014-12-25T06:15:11Z","timestamp":1419488111000},"page":"629-638","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":176,"title":["Cutaneous tuberculosis overview and current treatment regimens"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Lindi","family":"van Zyl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0474-9409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanetta","family":"du Plessis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2489-1616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joe","family":"Viljoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70093-7","article-title":"Palaeogenomics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: epidemic bursts with a degrading genome","volume":"11","author":"Djelouadji","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1007\/s12262-011-0396-1","article-title":"An unusual presentation of cutaneous tuberculosis for surgeons: review of literature","volume":"74","author":"Banashankari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.08.006","article-title":"The history of tuberculosis","volume":"100","author":"Daniel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib4","first-page":"43","article-title":"Tuberculosis in the days of yore","volume":"4","author":"Shet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib5","series-title":"Tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections","first-page":"3","article-title":"Tuberculosis in history: did it change the way we live?","author":"Daniel","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2014.03.006","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization and anti-tubercular activity of ferrocenylhydrazones and their \u00df-cyclodextrin conjugates","volume":"108","author":"Dandewate","year":"2014","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polym"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib7","first-page":"189","article-title":"Scrofuloderma: a case series from rural India","volume":"58","author":"Kar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib8","series-title":"Atlas of dermatology in internal medicine","first-page":"17","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of pulmonary disease","author":"Rull\u00e1n","year":"2012"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinmicnews.2014.04.005","article-title":"Science with societal implications: detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Africa","volume":"36","author":"Carman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Newsl"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.05.033","article-title":"Tuberculosis in the age of biologic therapy","volume":"59","author":"Hernandez","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3664","article-title":"Genomic insights into tuberculosis","volume":"15","author":"Galagan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2004.05.008","article-title":"Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: clinical and epidemiologic spectrum of 636 cases","volume":"35","author":"Ilgazli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2014.04.009","article-title":"Nanostructured drug delivery for better management of tuberculosis","volume":"184","author":"Kaur","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Control Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2014.05.007","article-title":"Antimycobacterial activity of chiral aminoalcohols with camphene scaffold","volume":"81","author":"Petkova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S266","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-1691(11)60168-8","article-title":"Presentation of tuberculosis in TB-HIV co-infection patients and the treatment outcome with directly observed short course therapy","volume":"1","author":"Singhal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Trop Biomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-1237","article-title":"Knowledge about HIV prevention and transmission among recently diagnosed tuberculosis patients: a cross sectional study","volume":"13","author":"Ugarte-Gil","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enzmictec.2014.02.009","article-title":"Structural and functional significance of the highly-conserved residues in Mycobacterium tuberculosis acetohydroxyacid synthase","volume":"58\u201359","author":"Baig","year":"2014","journal-title":"Enzym Microb Technol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.11.0733","article-title":"Tuberculosis among adults starting antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: the need for routine case finding","volume":"16","author":"Hanifa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib19","first-page":"65","article-title":"Tuberculosis prevention: an enigma worth unravelling","volume":"59","author":"Saxena","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.5114\/pdia.2012.30470","article-title":"Treatment of cutaneous infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"29","author":"Wyrzykowska","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Dermatol Allergol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2013.06.017","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis in Tunisia","volume":"43","author":"Abdelmalek","year":"2013","journal-title":"M\u00e9d Mal Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2006.05.005","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis","volume":"25","author":"Bravo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.03.023","article-title":"Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Kabul, Afghanistan: a hospital-based retrospective review","volume":"14","author":"Fader","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.123511","article-title":"Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis presenting as diffuse plantar keratoderma: an unusual sight","volume":"59","author":"Ghosh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib25","first-page":"130","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis: clinical features, diagnosis and management","volume":"11","author":"Ho","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hong Kong J Dermatol Venereol Bull"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.87153","article-title":"A\u00a0clinical and histopathological profile of patients with cutaneous tuberculosis","volume":"56","author":"Puri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2012.10.005","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Mycobacteium tuberculosis isolates from Indian patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"93","author":"Sankar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2013.08.704","article-title":"Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: 7 year-experience of a tertiary center in Istanbul","volume":"24","author":"Sevgi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2012.012103","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis of the penis in an HIV-infected adult","volume":"24","author":"Stockamp","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2006.02.009","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis in Morocco","volume":"11","author":"Zouhair","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.2729","article-title":"Skin biopsy: a pillar in the identification of cutaneous Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","volume":"6","author":"Solis","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib32","unstructured":"Gentry, C.A. http:\/\/www.accp.com\/docs\/bookstore\/psap\/p5b6sample02.pdf [accessed 18.03.14]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib33","series-title":"Tropical infectious diseases","first-page":"228","article-title":"Tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial infections","author":"Jones-Lopez","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib34","series-title":"Clinical respiratory medicine","first-page":"383","article-title":"Tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections","author":"Walter","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib35","first-page":"31.1","article-title":"Mycobacterial infections","volume":"vol. 2","author":"Yates","year":"2010"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib36","first-page":"54","article-title":"Cutaneous infections presenting with granulomatous infiltrates: a review of histopathological patterns","volume":"19","author":"Cardoso","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pathol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib37","series-title":"Tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections","first-page":"409","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis","author":"Hill","year":"2011"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib38","first-page":"284","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis: a clinical profile","volume":"14","author":"Kansal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Indian Acad Clin Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(95)00019-C","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis","volume":"13","author":"Macgregor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1097\/IPC.0b013e31826412e1","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of tuberculosis","volume":"20","author":"Ramarao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01794.x","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis in children","volume":"30","author":"Sethuraman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70163-8","article-title":"Miliary tuberculosis: new insights into an old disease","volume":"5","author":"Sharma","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib43","first-page":"355","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis","volume":"vol. 4","author":"Steger","year":"1994"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2007.02352.x","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of tuberculosis","volume":"32","author":"Lai-Cheong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.93058","article-title":"Primary inoculation tuberculosis following a vehicular accident","volume":"30","author":"Zadbuke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.2012.00957.x","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis simulating lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis","volume":"53","author":"Nakamura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-013-0442-y","article-title":"Primary inoculation tuberculosis after accidental scalpel injury","volume":"41","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib48","unstructured":"Ngan, V. http:\/\/www.dermnetnz.org\/bacterial\/tuberculosis.html [accessed 25.03.14]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib49","series-title":"Hurwitz clinical pediatric dermatology: a textbook of skin disorders of childhood and adolescence","first-page":"737","author":"Paller","year":"2006"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e59","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2013061","article-title":"Tuberculous lesion of the foot presenting as epithelioma","volume":"54","author":"Sahoo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Singap Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2011.01317.x","article-title":"Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis with elevation of circulating T-helper 1 and 17 cells and their reductions after successful treatment","volume":"39","author":"Fukamachi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.82500","article-title":"Multifocal tuberculosis verrucosa cutis","volume":"56","author":"Rajan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib53","series-title":"Shimizu's textbook of dermatology","first-page":"528","author":"Shimizu","year":"2005"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib54","first-page":"141","article-title":"Coexistence of cutaneous tuberculosis (scrofuloderma) and Hanseniasis: a rare presentation","volume":"8","author":"Das","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2012.24.1.70","article-title":"Delayed diagnosis of scrofuloderma misdiagnosed as a bacterial abscess","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01834.x","article-title":"Multifocal childhood cutaneous tuberculosis: report of two interesting cases from Sikkim, India","volume":"30","author":"Verma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singal, A. & Sonthalia, S. http:\/\/www.ijdvl.com\/text.asp?2010\/76\/5\/494\/69060 [accessed 25.03.14].","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.69060"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2012.00987.x","article-title":"Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis by PCR","volume":"66","author":"Mehta","year":"2012","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2011.01327.x","article-title":"Tuberculosis cutis orificialis with both gingival involvement and underlying pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"56","author":"Sun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2010.487889","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis: a diagnostic and therapeutic study of 20 cases","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib61","unstructured":"Wolf, K. http:\/\/mizzouderm.com\/misc-bacteria.html [accessed 25.03.14].."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-1237(06)80104-8","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis: a clinic-morphological study","volume":"62","author":"Arora","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med J Armed Forces India"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.2011.00874.x","article-title":"Lupus vulgaris: difficulties in diagnosis","volume":"54","author":"Rhodes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aust J Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-012-0154-x","article-title":"Generalized tuberculous gamma","volume":"49","author":"Dash","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib65","first-page":"533","article-title":"The youngest patient of lupus vulgaris: a cutaneous tuberculosis case report","volume":"28","author":"Tutanc","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2011.01383.x","article-title":"Cutaneous verrucous carcinoma arising in lupus vulgaris","volume":"39","author":"Ezzedine","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.5070\/D39K34F7GX","article-title":"Lupus vulgaris diagnosed after 37 years: a case of delayed diagnosis","volume":"18","author":"Turan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-2113.83990","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis","volume":"28","author":"Zaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lung India"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.92685","article-title":"A\u00a0clinicopathological study of cutaneous tuberculosis at Dibrugarh district, Assam","volume":"57","author":"Thakur","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib70","first-page":"295","article-title":"Lupus vulgaris on the buttock mimicking tinea corporis","volume":"21","author":"Rahman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pak Assoc Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib71","unstructured":"Derm-IS team. http:\/\/www.dermis.net\/dermisroot\/en\/10368\/image.htm [accessed 26.03.14]."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.107653","article-title":"Papulonecrotic tuberculid at the site of tuberculin test in a patient with concomitant erythema induratum and papulonecrotic tuberculid","volume":"78","author":"Dongre","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12048","article-title":"Severe cutaneous bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin infection in immunocompromised children: the relevance of skin biopsy","volume":"40","author":"Gantzer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cutan Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01744.x","article-title":"Simultaneous occurrence of papulonecrotic tuberculid and erythema induratum in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"30","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2010.01304.x","article-title":"Psriasiform type of lichen scrofulosorum: clue to disseminated tuberculosis","volume":"28","author":"Kumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dandale, A., Gupta, N., Dhurat, R. & Ghate, S. http:\/\/www.ijdvl.com\/text.asp?2013\/79\/3\/436\/110797 [accessed 27.03.14].","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.110797"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib77","unstructured":"Singhal, P., Patel, P.H. & Marfatia, Y.S. https:\/\/www.scienceopen.com\/document\/vid\/4f2a39ce-172d-4047-983f-5d6e3f86c730;jsessionid=DUzhMU8RAVXFsCr8dpd3CUnN.master:so-app1-prd [accessed 27.03.14]."},{"issue":"e29","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib78","first-page":"66","article-title":"Papulonecrotic tuberculid: report of a clinical case","volume":"3","author":"Brinca","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dermatol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib79","unstructured":"Jehad. http:\/\/dermaamin.com\/site\/atlas-of-dermatology.html [accessed 27.03.14].."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib80","unstructured":"Khan, F.A. & Khakoo, R. http:\/\/www.cutis.com\/fileadmin\/qhi-archive\/ArticlePDF\/CT\/088040194.pdf [accessed 31.03.14]."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(99)00008-5","article-title":"Atypical mycobacterial cutaneous infection","volume":"17","author":"Kullavanijaya","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2012.08.005","article-title":"Tattoo-associated complications","volume":"26","author":"Juhas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-777X.93767","article-title":"Mycobacterium chelonae infection of the parotid gland","volume":"4","author":"Shaaban","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Glob Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3627","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01274-12","article-title":"Genetic diversity and population structure of Mycobacterium marinum: new insights into host and environmental specificities","volume":"50","author":"Broutin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2011.07.003","article-title":"Outbreak of cutaneous Mycobacterium marinum infection in Jiangsu Haian, China","volume":"71","author":"Feng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib86","unstructured":"Nguyen, C. http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/ENEJMicm000083 [accessed 01.04.14]."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001751","article-title":"A\u00a0case of cutaneous tuberculosis in a Buruli ulcer-endemic area","volume":"6","author":"Bratschi","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(95)00003-X","article-title":"Unusual cutaneous mycobacterial diseases","volume":"13","author":"Groves","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib89","series-title":"Tropical infectious diseases","first-page":"248","article-title":"Mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli ulcer)","author":"Meyers","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib90","unstructured":"Johnson, P.D.R., Stinear, T., Small, P.L.C., Pluschke, G., Merritt, R.W., Portaels, F., et\u00a0al. http:\/\/www.plosmedicine.org\/article\/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.0020108 [accessed 01.04.14]."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.11164.x","article-title":"Cutaneous Mycobacterium haemophilum infection in a patient receiving infliximab for psoriasis","volume":"168","author":"Aslam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindeboom, J.A., Bruijnesteijn Van Coppenraet, L.E.S, Van Soolingen, D., Prins, J.M. & Kuijper, E.J. http:\/\/cmr.asm.org\/content\/24\/4\/701.full [accessed 01.04.14].","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00020-11"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib93","unstructured":"Welsh, J. http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com.au\/mysterious-tattoo-infections-outbreak-running-rampant-2012-8 [accessed 01.04.14]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib94","unstructured":"Jardin, O., Hern\u00e1ndez-P\u00e9rez, R., Corrales, H., Cardoso-Leao, S. & De Waard, J.H. http:\/\/zl.elsevier.es\/es\/revista\/enfermedades-infecciosas-microbiologia-clinica-28\/seguimiento-un-brote-infeccion-tejido-blando-causado-13184022-originales-2010 [accessed 01.04.14].."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib95","first-page":"32.1","article-title":"Leprosy","volume":"vol. 2","author":"Lockwood","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib96","series-title":"Tropical infectious diseases","first-page":"253","article-title":"Leprosy","author":"Walsh","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib97","unstructured":"Brayer, T. http:\/\/healthwise-everythinghealth.blogspot.com\/2012\/04\/lepromatous-leprosy.html [accessed 02.04.14]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib98","unstructured":"Esfandbod, M. http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1056\/NEJMicm1011992 [accessed 02.04.14]."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8305.2012.00634.x","article-title":"Isolated subcutaneous tuberculous abscesses of the lumbar wall","volume":"19","author":"Jean","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Travel Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S2173-5735(09)70100-0","article-title":"Tuberculosis infections of the head and neck","volume":"60","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib101","first-page":"116","article-title":"Changing trends of cutaneous tuberculosis in the era of DOTS strategy","volume":"59","author":"Arora","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2014.04.077","article-title":"Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel isoniazid derivatives with potent antitubercular activity","volume":"81","author":"Martins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62173-3","article-title":"Tuberculosis","volume":"378","author":"Lawn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70030-6","article-title":"Drug-resistant tuberculosis: time for visionary political leadership","volume":"13","author":"Abubakar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2014.02.003","article-title":"Drug-resistant tuberculosis in the WHO European region: an analysis of surveillance data","volume":"16","author":"Zignol","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Resist Updat"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.03.047","article-title":"Therapeutic vaccines for tuberculosis: a systemic review","volume":"32","author":"Gr\u00f6schel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2011.02.025","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis and esthiomene","volume":"114","author":"Ramesh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-7310(07)70044-3","article-title":"Sporotrichoid cutaneous infection by Mycobacterium haemophilum in an AIDS patient","volume":"98","author":"Cameselle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Actas Dermo-sifiliogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib109","unstructured":"Curc\u00f3, N. http:\/\/www.actasdermo.org\/en\/cutaneous-infection-in-tattoo-due\/articulo\/90167655\/?pubmed=true [accessed 31.03.14]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3329\/bmrcb.v38i3.14335","article-title":"Pattern of cutaneous tuberculosis among children and adolescents","volume":"38","author":"Sultana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-2277.2011.01218.x","article-title":"Cutaneous tuberculosis mimicking erysipelas of the lower leg in a heart transplant recipient","volume":"24","author":"Sattinger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transpl Int"}],"container-title":["Tuberculosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1472979214205440?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1472979214205440?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T11:45:21Z","timestamp":1650887121000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1472979214205440"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1472979214205440"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-9792"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-9792","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cutaneous tuberculosis overview and current treatment regimens","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Tuberculosis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tube.2014.12.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}