{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T01:29:25Z","timestamp":1792373365813,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,6]],"date-time":"2006-12-06T07:13:37Z","timestamp":1165389217000},"page":"45-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis: Biotechnological advances"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Y.M.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Paiva Cavalcanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.A.","family":"Lira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.G.C.","family":"Abath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.C.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.30.2.330-335.1992","article-title":"Recombinant Leishmania Hsp90 and Hsp70 are recognized by sera from visceral leishmaniasis patients but not Chagas\u2019 disease patients","volume":"30","author":"Andrade","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"issue":"Suppl. II","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib2","first-page":"217","article-title":"Assessment of a recombinant Leishmania Hsp70 ELISA for the serodiagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"93","author":"Andrade","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1986.35.72","article-title":"Evaluation of the micro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies in American visceral leishmaniasis: antigen selection for detection of infection-specific response","volume":"35","author":"Badar\u00f3","year":"1986","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/173.3.758","article-title":"RK39: a cloned antigen of Leishmania chagasi that predicts active visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"173","author":"Badar\u00f3","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib5","first-page":"1356","article-title":"Leishmania major-like antigen for specific and sensitive serodiagnosis of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"9","author":"Barbosa de Deus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(00)00158-9","article-title":"Early detection of Leishmania promastigotes in dog bone marrow cultures by acridine orange stain","volume":"37","author":"Barreca","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762004000200014","article-title":"Comparison between splenic and lymph node aspirations as sampling methods for the parasitological detection of Leishmania chagasi infection in dogs","volume":"99","author":"Barrouin-Melo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"Suppl. IV","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761992000800004","article-title":"Present aspects of immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis","volume":"87","author":"Bergquist","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00124-6","article-title":"An immunodiffusion assay for the detection of canine leishmaniasis due to infection with L. infantum","volume":"73","author":"Bernadina","year":"1997","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib10","first-page":"647","article-title":"Development of recombinant chimeric antigens expressing immunodominant B epitopes of L. infantum for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"12","author":"Boarino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.67.344","article-title":"The sensitivity and specificity of Leishmania chagasi recombinant K39 antigen in the diagnosis of American visceral leishmaniasis and in differentiating active from subclinical infection","volume":"67","author":"Braz","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.8.4.828-831.2001","article-title":"Real-time PCR as a new tool for quantifying Leishmania infantum in liver in infected mice","volume":"8","author":"Bretagne","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.2.775","article-title":"Molecular characterization of a kinesin-related antigen of Leishmania chagasi that detect specific antibody in African and American visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"90","author":"Burns","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(02)00410-8","article-title":"Diagnosis of American visceral leishmaniasis in human and dogs using the recombinant Leishmania donovani A2 antigen","volume":"43","author":"Carvalho","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1996.0018","article-title":"Antibody response in dogs experimentally infected with Leishmania infantum: infection course antigen markers","volume":"82","author":"Carrera","year":"1996","journal-title":"Experimental parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1983.32.475","article-title":"Quantitation of amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in smears of splenic aspirates from patients with visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"32","author":"Chulay","year":"1983","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.141.21.539","article-title":"A retrospective clinical study of canine leishmaniasis in 150 dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum","volume":"22","author":"Ciaramella","year":"1997","journal-title":"Veterinary Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86821991000100004","article-title":"Leishmaniose visceral canina: avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da metodologia sorol\u00f3gica utilizada em inqu\u00e9ritos epidemiol\u00f3gicos","volume":"24","author":"Costa","year":"1991","journal-title":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761985000100003","article-title":"A survey for American cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis among 1342 dogs from areas in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) where the human diseases occur","volume":"80","author":"Coutinho","year":"1985","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761994000300013","article-title":"Detection of Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania using the polymerase chain reaction","volume":"89","author":"Degrave","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2001084355","article-title":"Value of a dipstick based on recombinant rK39 antigen for differential diagnosis of American visceral leishmaniasis from other sympatric endemic diseases in Venezuela","volume":"8","author":"Delgado","year":"2001","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(96)00057-0","article-title":"Leishmaniasis. Public health aspects and control","volume":"14","author":"Desjeux","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clinics in Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(86)90033-7","article-title":"Serodiagnosis of Sudanese visceral and mucosal leishmaniasis: comparison of ELISA-immunofluorescence and indirect haemagglutination","volume":"80","author":"El Amin","year":"1986","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(98)00067-9","article-title":"Evidence for active transmission of visceral leishmaniasis within a village in eastern Sudan","volume":"71","author":"Elnaiem","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761988000500050","article-title":"Development of monoclonal antibodies to assay for circulating antigen in visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"83","author":"Evans","year":"1988","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(02)00351-5","article-title":"Epidemiology of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the endemic area of Montes Claros municipally, Minas Gerais State, Brazil","volume":"111","author":"Fran\u00e7a-Silva","year":"2003","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1423-0410.2003.00340.x","article-title":"Chagas\u2019 disease diagnosis: comparative analysis of recombinant ELISA with conventional ELISA and the haemagglutination test","volume":"85","author":"Gadelha","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vox Sanguinis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762001000400009","article-title":"Serodiagnosis of chronic Chagas infection by using EIE-recombinant-Chagas-biomanguinhos kit","volume":"96","author":"Gomes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1987.tb00364.x","article-title":"Leishmania infantum infection rates in Plebotomus perniciosus fed on naturally infected dogs under antimonial treatment","volume":"1","author":"Gradoni","year":"1987","journal-title":"Medical and Veterinary Entomology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.6.3.230","article-title":"Leishmaniases of the New World: current concepts and implications for future research","volume":"6","author":"Grimaldi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00347-X","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis: current status of control, diagnosis, and treatment, and a proposed research and development agenda","volume":"2","author":"Guerin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(87)90423-8","article-title":"Evaluation of a new developed direct agglutination test (DAT) for serodiagnosis and seroepidemiological studies of visceral leishmaniasis: comparison with IFAT and ELISA","volume":"81","author":"Harith","year":"1987","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)10178-2","article-title":"Leishmaniasis","volume":"354","author":"Herwaldt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1309\/R3DK4MR3W6E5PH17","article-title":"Immunostaining of visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum using monoclonal antibody (10\u201311) to the Leishmania homologue of receptors for activated C-kinase","volume":"120","author":"Hofman","year":"2003","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib35","first-page":"1","article-title":"Kala-azar infected serum circulating antigens and their characteristics detected by monoclonal antibody","volume":"101","author":"Hu","year":"1988","journal-title":"American Journal of Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(03)00061-X","article-title":"Molecular diagnosis of leishmaniosis in dogs. Comparative application of traditional diagnostic methods and the proposed assay on clinical samples","volume":"113","author":"Ikonomopoulos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(87)90418-4","article-title":"Serodiagnostic assay for visceral leishmaniasis employing monoclonal antibodies","volume":"81","author":"Jaffe","year":"1987","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(00)90264-5","article-title":"Evaluation of a 200-kDa amastigote-specific antigen of L. donovani by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"94","author":"Kaul","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588402100114","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis in the German shepherd dog. II. Pathology","volume":"21","author":"Keenan","year":"1984","journal-title":"Veterinary Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib40","first-page":"467","article-title":"Vector control in leishmaniasis","volume":"123","author":"Kishore","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Indian Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1992.46.427","article-title":"Use of recombinant antigens for the accurate immunodiagnosis of Chagas\u2019 disease","volume":"46","author":"Krieger","year":"1992","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182002002081","article-title":"Value of two PCR methods for the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis and the detection of asymptomatic carriers","volume":"125","author":"Lachaud","year":"2002","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1979543277","article-title":"\u00c9cologie des leishmanioses dans le sud de France. 10. Les formes \u00e9volutives de la leishmaniose visc\u00e9rale canine. \u00c9laboration d\u2019une typologie bio-clinique \u00e0 finalit\u00e9 epidemiologique","volume":"54","author":"Lanotte","year":"1979","journal-title":"Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822001000600013","article-title":"QBC\u00ae for the diagnosis of human and canine American visceral leishmaniasis: preliminary data","volume":"34","author":"Liarte","year":"2001","journal-title":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.6.2227-2232.2001","article-title":"Rapid identification of Campylobacter spp. by melting peak analysis of biprobes in real-time PCR","volume":"39","author":"Logan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib46","unstructured":"Marcondes, C.B., 2001. Entomologia M\u00e9dica e Veterin\u00e1ria, Atheneu, S\u00e3o Paulo, 432pp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4758(00)01637-9","article-title":"The strange case of Leishmania chagasi","volume":"16","author":"Mauricio","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parasitology Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5560","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.11.5560-5566.2005","article-title":"Quantitative nucleic acid sequence-based assay as a new molecular tool for detection and quantification of Leishmania parasites in skin biopsy samples","volume":"43","author":"Meide","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.02.014","article-title":"Rapid detection of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs: comparative study using an immunochromatographic dipstick rK39 test and direct agglutination","volume":"121","author":"Mohebali","year":"2004","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(94)90446-4","article-title":"Infectivity of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum to colonized Phlebotomus perniciosus","volume":"88","author":"Molina","year":"1994","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib51","first-page":"163","article-title":"Quantitative PCR in the diagnosis of Leishmania","volume":"46","author":"Mortarino","year":"2004","journal-title":"Parasitologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-594R.1","article-title":"Serological survey with PCR validation for canine visceral leishmaniasis in northern Palestine","volume":"92","author":"Nasereddin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7012(02)00099-4","article-title":"Rapid differentiation of Old World Leishmania species by Light Cycler polymerase chain reaction and melting curve analysis","volume":"51","author":"Nicolas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Microbiological Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.510","article-title":"Impact of canine control on the epidemiology of canine and human visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil","volume":"65","author":"Palatinik-de-Souza","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-2712(18)30527-4","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of Leishmania","volume":"11","author":"Palma","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clinics in Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1996.55.39","article-title":"A cross-sectional serodiagnostic survey of canine leishmaniasis due to Leishmania chagasi","volume":"55","author":"Paranhos-Silva","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.32.3.746-749.1994","article-title":"Comparison of PCR with direct examination of bone marrow aspiration, myeloculture and serology for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in immunocompromised patients","volume":"32","author":"Piarroux","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(08)80196-X","article-title":"Canine leishmaniasis associated with systemic vasculitis in two dogs","volume":"105","author":"Pumarola","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2005.09.011","article-title":"Parasite density and impaired biochemical\/hematological status are associated with severe clinical aspects of canine visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"81","author":"Reis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Research in Veterinary Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(03)00015-4","article-title":"Detection of Leishmania infantum cryptic infection in asymptomatic blood donors living in an endemic area (Eivissa, Balearic Islands, Spain) by different diagnostic methods","volume":"98","author":"Riera","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762005000200015","article-title":"Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using crude Leishmania and recombinant antigens as a diagnostic marker for canine visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"100","author":"Ros\u00e1rio","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib62","first-page":"1153","article-title":"Prokaryotic expression and antigenic characterization of three recombinant Leishmania antigens for serological diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis","volume":"10","author":"Rosati","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1987.37.263","article-title":"Human visceral leishmaniasis: analysis of the specificity of humoral immune response to polypeptides of Leishmania donovani chagasi","volume":"37","author":"Santos","year":"1987","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(01)00643-4","article-title":"Evaluation of the Leishmania recombinant K39 antigen as a diagnostic marker for canine leishmaniasis and validation of a standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay","volume":"104","author":"Scalone","year":"2002","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.147.15.421","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis in the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) in south-east Brazil","volume":"147","author":"Silva","year":"2000","journal-title":"Veterinary Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.41.100187.002051","article-title":"The mitochondrial genome of kinetoplastid protozoa: genomic organization, transcription, replication, and evolution","volume":"41","author":"Simpson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Annual Review of Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1992.tb02038.x","article-title":"Detection of Leishmania antigens in Kala-azar patients using monoclonal antibodies","volume":"36","author":"Sinha","year":"1992","journal-title":"Microbiology and Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.2.560-563.2001","article-title":"Prevalence of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs living in an area of canine leishmaniasis endemicity using PCR on several tissues and serology","volume":"39","author":"Solano-Gallego","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1086\/383281","article-title":"Polymerase chain reaction using noninvasively obtained samples, for the detection of Leishmania infantum DNA dogs","volume":"189","author":"Strauss-Ayali","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46651996000200001","article-title":"Histopathology and immunohistochemical study of type 3 and type 4 complement receptors in the liver and spleen of dogs naturally and experimentally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi","volume":"38","author":"Tafuri","year":"1996","journal-title":"Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S\u00e3o Paulo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(00)00436-2","article-title":"Canine visceral leishmaniosis: a remarkable histopathologic picture of one case reported from Brazil","volume":"96","author":"Tafuri","year":"2001","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.13.2.271-276.2006","article-title":"Kinetics and diagnostic and prognostic potential of quantitative Western blot analysis and antigen-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in experimental canine leishmaniasis","volume":"13","author":"Talmi-Frank","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical and Vaccine Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1053\/rvsc.2001.0527","article-title":"Canine visceral leishmaniasis: dog infectivity to sand flies from non-endemic areas","volume":"72","author":"Travi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Research in Veterinary Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib74","first-page":"133","article-title":"Le chancre d\u2019inoculation dans la leishmaniose canine \u00e0 Leishmania infantum. \u00c9tude d\u2019une cohorte en r\u00e9gion c\u00e9venole","volume":"26","author":"Vidor","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pratique Medicale et Chirurgicale de L\u2019Animale de Compagnie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1307.018","article-title":"TaqMan-based detection of Leishmania infantum DNA using canine samples","volume":"1026","author":"Vitale","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.56.9.2385-2391.1988","article-title":"Purification and characterization of an 80-kilodalton membrane protein from Leishmania donovani","volume":"56","author":"White","year":"1988","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib77","unstructured":"WHO, 1995. Report of the Second WHO Meeting on Emerging Infectious Diseases, WHO\/CDS\/BVI\/95.2, World Health Organization, Geneva."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(96)02612-6","article-title":"Identification and overexpression of the A2 amastigote-specific protein in Leishmania donovani","volume":"78","author":"Zhang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology"}],"container-title":["The Veterinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1090023306002358?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1090023306002358?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T18:25:30Z","timestamp":1761071130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1090023306002358"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1090023306002358"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-0233"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-0233","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis: Biotechnological advances","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Veterinary Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.10.019","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}