{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T14:37:40Z","timestamp":1793111860109,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:02:04Z","timestamp":1792684924000},"page":"106948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The impact of infectious diseases on pig welfare: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"320","author":[{"given":"Catalina","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Case","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenny","family":"Rutherford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alistair B.","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib1","unstructured":"AHDB: Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board (2023). The pig cycle. https:\/\/www.foodafactoflife.org.uk\/media\/uwldga5v\/a4_pig-cycle_web.pdf."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731114002213","article-title":"Monitoring of behavior using a video-recording system for recognition of Salmonella infection in experimentally infected growing pigs","volume":"9","author":"Ahmed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2020.105209","article-title":"Latent class analysis identifies multimorbidity patterns in pigs with respiratory disease","volume":"186","author":"Barnes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"issue":"8\u20139","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(96)80056-7","article-title":"Feasibility and implications of breeding sheep for resilience to nematode challenge","volume":"26","author":"Bisset","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib5","unstructured":"Brambell, R. (1965). Report of the Technical Committee to Enquire into the Welfare of Animals kept under Intensive Livestock Husbandry Systems. Her Majesty\u2019s Stationery Office."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2005.11.019","article-title":"Behaviour and welfare in relation to pathology","volume":"97","author":"Broom","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.2754\/avb200271010133","article-title":"Effects of disease on farm animal welfare","volume":"71","author":"Broom","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Brno"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib8","unstructured":"Byrd, C.J. (2018). Nonlinear Analysis of Heart Rate Variability for Measuring Pain in Dairy Calves and Piglets, Heat Stress in Growing Pigs, and the Growing Pig Sickness Response to a Lipopolysaccharide Challenge (Doctoral dissertation, Purdue University)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.05.001","article-title":"Early postnatal respiratory viral infection induces structural and neurochemical changes in the neonatal piglet brain","volume":"48","author":"Conrad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.715260","article-title":"Intramuscular vs. intradermic needle-free vaccination in piglets: Relevance for animal welfare based on an aversion learning test and vocalizations","volume":"8","author":"Dalmau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1006\/brbi.2000.0613","article-title":"Cytokine-induced sickness behavior: Where do we stand?","volume":"15","author":"Dantzer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2297","article-title":"From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain","volume":"9","author":"Dantzer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.09.021","article-title":"Zika virus causes persistent infection in porcine conceptuses and may impair health in offspring","volume":"25","author":"Darbellay","year":"2017","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1078\/0944-2006-00122","article-title":"Behaviour as a tool in the assessment of animal welfare1","volume":"106","author":"Dawkins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Zoology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185622","article-title":"Do weaner pigs need in-feed antibiotics to ensure good health and welfare?","volume":"12","author":"Diana","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.3390\/ani3030584","article-title":"Towards a \u2018Good Life\u2019 for Farm Animals: Development of a Resource Tier Framework to Achieve Positive Welfare for Laying Hens","volume":"3","author":"Edgar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3047","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.11.3047","article-title":"Decreased protein accretion in pigs with viral and bacterial pneumonia is associated with increased myostatin expression in muscle","volume":"134","author":"Escobar","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"1-3","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2006.06.005","article-title":"Behaviour of pigs with viral and bacterial pneumonia","volume":"105","author":"Escobar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.54846\/jshap\/632","article-title":"Willingness-to-approach behavior of weaned pigs after injection with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines","volume":"19","author":"Fangman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Swine Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib20","unstructured":"FAWC (2012). Farm Animal Welfare: Health and Disease Available at: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/fawc-report-on-farm-animal-welfare-health-and-disease (accessed 16th March 2026)."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10122241","article-title":"Computer vision applied to detect lethargy through animal motion monitoring: a trial on African swine fever in wild boar","volume":"10","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Carri\u00f3n","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183793","article-title":"Motion-based video monitoring for early detection of livestock diseases: The case of African swine fever","volume":"12","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Carri\u00f3n","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS. One"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture10120637","article-title":"Evaluation of behavioral aspects after intradermal and intramuscular vaccine application in suckling piglets","volume":"10","author":"G\u00f6ller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Agriculture"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40813-018-0081-x","article-title":"Effect of oral KETOPROFEN treatment in acute respiratory disease outbreaks in finishing pigs","volume":"4","author":"H\u00e4lli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Porc. Health Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/awf.2023.84","article-title":"Rethinking the utility of the Five Domains model","volume":"32","author":"Hampton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anim. Welf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib26","unstructured":"Haskell, M.J., Li, B., Prentice, P.M.P., & Dwyer, C.M. (2023). AW0521 - Determining potential impacts of Precision Breeding on Animal Welfare FINAL REPORT. DEFRA. https:\/\/sciencesearch.defra.gov.uk\/ProjectDetails?ProjectId=21137."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e04071","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.04071-23","article-title":"Isolation and pathogenicity comparison of two novel natural recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses with different recombination patterns in Southwest China","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(02)00069-7","article-title":"The concept of sickness behavior: a brief chronological account of four key discoveries","volume":"87","author":"Johnson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.145.9.243","article-title":"Experimental infection of slaughter pigs with classical swine fever virus: transmission of the virus, course of the disease and antibody response","volume":"145","author":"Laevens","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2021.105264","article-title":"Vocalisations in Farm Animals: A Step Towards Positive Welfare Assessment","author":"Laurijs","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.3920\/978-90-8686-828-5_6","article-title":"Applied animal behaviour science and animal welfare: seeking the best balance between our science and its application","author":"Lawrence","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim. Us"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2025.106136","article-title":"Non-neuronal brain biology and its relevance to animal welfare","author":"Lawrence","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurosci. & Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/awf.2024.53","article-title":"Needle-free intradermal vaccination, an opportunity to improve commercial pig welfare","volume":"33","author":"Lewis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anim. Welf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1163\/1568539X-bja10028","article-title":"Characterization of fever and sickness behavior regulated by cytokines during infection","volume":"157","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behaviour"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib35","first-page":"3","article-title":"Concepts of animal well-being and predicting the impact of procedures on experimental animals","volume":"7","author":"Mellor","year":"1994","journal-title":"Exp. Res. Anim. Welf. Collect."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.7120\/09627286.24.3.241","article-title":"Extending the \u2018Five Domains\u2019 model for animal welfare assessment to incorporate positive welfare states","volume":"24","author":"Mellor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anim. Welf."},{"issue":"2005","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2023.1396","article-title":"Accelerometer-based detection of African swine fever infection in wild boar","volume":"290","author":"Morelle","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12591","article-title":"In vivo effect of a TLR5 SNP (C1205T) on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection in weaned, specific pathogen-free Landrace piglets.","volume":"62","author":"Muneta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2018.09.018","article-title":"Sick and grumpy: changes in social behaviour after a controlled immune stimulation in group-housed gilts","volume":"198","author":"Munsterhjelm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. & Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.19103\/AS.2020.0081.13","author":"Murphy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Understanding the Behaviour and Improving the Welfare of Pigs"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.33.1.2261","article-title":"Animal health and welfare: equivalent or complementary?","volume":"33","author":"Nicks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Et. Tech. (Int. Off. Epizoot. )"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2018.07.013","article-title":"The effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on inflammatory markers in blood and brain and on behavior in individually-housed pigs","volume":"195","author":"Nordgreen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. & Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib43","first-page":"372","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2009.02.010","article-title":"Suffering in diseased pigs as expressed by behavioural, clinical and clinical\u2013chemical traits, in a well defined parasite model","volume":"118","author":"Reiner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2024.106270","article-title":"The voice of choice: A scoping review of choice-based animal welfare studies","volume":"275","author":"Rust","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00011","article-title":"Scoping Reviews, Systematic Reviews, and Meta-Analysis: Applications in Veterinary Medicine","volume":"7","author":"Sargeant","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1159\/000544748","article-title":"Regular positive human contacts do not improve pigs\u2019 response to a lipopolysaccharide immune challenge","volume":"32","author":"Schmitt","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuroimmunomodulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2015-9834","article-title":"The effect of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus challenge on growing pigs I: growth performance and digestibility","volume":"94","author":"Schweer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2020.103939","article-title":"Evaluation of pain and stress in three-week old piglets in relation to route of vaccine administration","volume":"233","author":"Scollo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12111242","article-title":"Well-Being and Performance of Nursery Pigs Subjected to Different Commercial Vaccines Against Porcine Circovirus Type 2, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Lawsonia intracellularis","volume":"12","author":"Silva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1460993","article-title":"Rearing pigs with play opportunities: the effects on disease resilience in pigs experimentally inoculated with PRRSV","volume":"11","author":"Steinerov\u00e1","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2006.08.029","article-title":"Heat and social rank impact behavior and physiology of PRRS-virus-infected pigs","volume":"90","author":"Sutherland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Physiol. & Behav."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2004.06.010","article-title":"Intestinal translocation of Streptococcus suis type 2 EF+ in pigs","volume":"103","author":"Swildens","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10101898","article-title":"Welfare benefits of intradermal vaccination of piglets","volume":"10","author":"Temple","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1017\/S1466252308001448","article-title":"Sickness behavior, its mechanisms and significance","volume":"9","author":"Tizard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anim. Health Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-68299-2.00027-7","article-title":"Porcine vaccines","author":"Tizard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccin. Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.01.008","article-title":"Disease behaviours of sows naturally infected with Taenia solium in Tanzania","volume":"235","author":"Trevisan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation","volume":"169","author":"Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00102","article-title":"Production Losses From an Endemic Animal Disease: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) in Selected Midwest US Sow Farms","volume":"5","author":"Valdes-Donoso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161832","article-title":"Enriched housing reduces disease susceptibility to co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (A. pleuropneumoniae) in young pigs","volume":"11","author":"van Dixhoorn","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS. One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11495","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1806068115","article-title":"Global trends in infectious diseases of swine","volume":"115","author":"VanderWaal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.617634","article-title":"The effect of LPS and ketoprofen on cytokines, brain monoamines, and social behavior in group-housed pigs","volume":"7","author":"Veit","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(99)00093-3","article-title":"The spontaneous qualitative assessment of behavioural expressions in pigs: first explorations of a novel methodology for integrative animal welfare measurement","volume":"67","author":"Wemelsfelder","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2015.06.001","article-title":"In vivo porcine lipopolysaccharide inflammation models to study immunomodulation of drugs","volume":"166","author":"Wyns","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."}],"container-title":["The Veterinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1090023326004053?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1090023326004053?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T14:09:18Z","timestamp":1793110158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1090023326004053"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S1090023326004053"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-0233"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-0233","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The impact of infectious diseases on pig welfare: a scoping review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Veterinary Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tvjl.2026.106948","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106948"}}