{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T21:54:32Z","timestamp":1790891672399,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000982","name":"Conquer Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Young Investigator Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Young Investigator Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Urologic Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T20:41:35Z","timestamp":1785357695000},"page":"561-569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["What Is the Proper Extent of Lymph Node Dissection During a Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Ghasemzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard H.","family":"Bochner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)69924-5","article-title":"Infiltrating carcinoma of the bladder; relation of depth of penetration of the bladder wall to incidence of local extension and metastases","volume":"55","author":"Jewett","year":"1946","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000072422.69286.0e","article-title":"Risk factors for patients with pelvic lymph node metastases following radical cystectomy with en bloc pelvic lymphadenectomy: concept of lymph node density","volume":"170","author":"Stein","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)64487-2","article-title":"Radical cystectomy for carcinoma of the bladder: critical evaluation of the results in 1,026 cases","volume":"158","author":"Ghoneim","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000121604.58067.95","article-title":"Stage specific lymph node metastasis mapping in radical cystectomy specimens","volume":"171","author":"Vazina","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib5","first-page":"653","article-title":"Topographie des ganglions ilio-pelviens","volume":"6","author":"Cuneo","year":"1901","journal-title":"Bull Mem Soc Anat Paris"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000102302.26806.fb","article-title":"Extended radical lymphadenectomy in patients with urothelial bladder cancer: results of a prospective multicenter study","volume":"171","author":"Leissner","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2014.06.012","article-title":"Lymph node metastases in patients with urothelial carcinoma variants: influence of the specific variant on nodal histology","volume":"33","author":"Rice","year":"2015","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.545921","article-title":"Pelvic lymph node dissection during cystectomy for patients with bladder carcinoma with variant histology: does histologic type matter?","volume":"10","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2025.04.008","article-title":"Clinical outcomes, genomic heterogeneity, and therapeutic considerations across histologic subtypes of urothelial carcinoma","volume":"88","author":"Chu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(195605\/06)9:3<596::AID-CNCR2820090326>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Radical surgery for carcinoma of the urinary bladder; one hundred consecutive cases four years later","volume":"9","author":"Whitmore","year":"1956","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22250","article-title":"Standardization of pelvic lymphadenectomy performed at radical cystectomy: can we establish a minimum number of lymph nodes that should be removed?","volume":"107","author":"Koppie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.3.666","article-title":"Radical cystectomy in the treatment of invasive bladder cancer: long-term results in 1,054 patients","volume":"19","author":"Stein","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3967","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.05.3884","article-title":"Postoperative nomogram predicting risk of recurrence after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer","volume":"24","author":"International Bladder Cancer Nomogram","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2012.01.049","article-title":"Lymph node-positive bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy and lymphadenectomy: effect of the level of node positivity","volume":"61","author":"Tarin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1159\/000030361","article-title":"Patterns of metastasis in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (pT2-4): an autopsy study on 367 patients","volume":"62","author":"Wallmeroth","year":"1999","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000140457.83695.a7","article-title":"Lymph node involvement in patients with bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy: a patho-anatomical study--a single center experience","volume":"172","author":"Abol-Enein","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)00066-2","article-title":"Intraoperative sentinel node detection improves nodal staging in invasive bladder cancer","volume":"175","author":"Liedberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2009.10.026","article-title":"A new multimodality technique accurately maps the primary lymphatic landing sites of the bladder","volume":"57","author":"Roth","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"4 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000137817.56888.d1","article-title":"Prospectively packaged lymph node dissections with radical cystectomy: evaluation of node count variability and node mapping","volume":"172","author":"Bochner","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib20","first-page":"93","article-title":"The Eighth Edition AJCC Cancer Staging Manual: continuing to build a bridge from a population-based to a more \u201cpersonalized\u201d approach to cancer staging","volume":"67","author":"Amin","year":"2017","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.08212.x","article-title":"Assessing the minimum number of lymph nodes needed at radical cystectomy in patients with bladder cancer","volume":"103","author":"Capitanio","year":"2009","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.2000.00614.x","article-title":"Lymphadenectomy in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder; significance for staging and prognosis","volume":"85","author":"Leissner","year":"2000","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65284-6","article-title":"Impact of the number of lymph nodes retrieved on outcome in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer","volume":"167","author":"Herr","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.10.076","article-title":"Outcome after radical cystectomy with limited or extended pelvic lymph node dissection","volume":"179","author":"Dhar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61284","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.11343","article-title":"A greater number of dissected lymph nodes is associated with more favorable outcomes in bladder cancer treated by radical cystectomy: a meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(02)02116-7","article-title":"Extent of surgery and pathology evaluation has an impact on bladder cancer outcomes after radical cystectomy","volume":"61","author":"Herr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"4 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.05.160","article-title":"Radical cystectomy and extended pelvic lymphadenectomy: survival of patients with lymph node metastasis above the bifurcation of the common iliac vessels treated with surgery only","volume":"178","author":"Steven","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022148","article-title":"Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus cystectomy compared with cystectomy alone for locally advanced bladder cancer","volume":"349","author":"Grossman","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000003981","article-title":"Treatment of Non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer: AUA\/ASCO\/SUO guideline (2017; amended 2020, 2024)","volume":"212","author":"Holzbeierlein","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2025.02.019","article-title":"European Association of Urology guidelines on muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer: summary of the 2025 guidelines","volume":"87","author":"van der Heijden","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.9096","article-title":"2025 Canadian urological Association Expert Report: muscle-invasive bladder cancer","volume":"19","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2018.09.047","article-title":"Extended versus limited lymph node dissection in bladder cancer patients undergoing radical cystectomy: survival results from a prospective, randomized trial","volume":"75","author":"Gschwend","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2401497","article-title":"Standard or extended lymphadenectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer","volume":"391","author":"Lerner","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2025.09.001","article-title":"Long-term results from the LEA randomized trial: extended versus standard lymph node dissection in patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy","volume":"88","author":"Heck","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1405213","article-title":"A randomized trial of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy","volume":"371","author":"Bochner","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2014.11.043","article-title":"Comparing open radical cystectomy and robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"67","author":"Bochner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"10139","key":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2525","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30996-6","article-title":"Robot-assisted radical cystectomy versus open radical cystectomy in patients with bladder cancer (RAZOR): an open-label, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial","volume":"391","author":"Parekh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Urologic Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0094014326000595?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0094014326000595?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:58:32Z","timestamp":1790888312000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0094014326000595"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0094014326000595"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0094-0143"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0094-0143","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"What Is the Proper Extent of Lymph Node Dissection During a Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Urologic Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ucl.2026.06.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}