{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T17:27:26Z","timestamp":1793986046575,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32372440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32372440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012246","name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012476","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KYQYCX2026003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYQYCX2026003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012476","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasonics Sonochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:01:44Z","timestamp":1791907304000},"page":"108113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Ultrasound cracks the seed coat barrier: a strategy for whole-bean tempeh fermentation from black kidney bean with balanced protein-starch digestibility"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Yaohua","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Qiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Rui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.135370","article-title":"Solid-state fermentation alters the fate of red kidney bean protein during buccal and gastrointestinal digestion: Relationship with cotyledon cell wall integrity","volume":"410","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.3390\/su17010350","article-title":"The role of neglected grain legumes in food and nutrition security and human health","volume":"17","author":"Vilakazi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2022.2105303","article-title":"An update on nutritional profile, phytochemical compounds, health benefits, and potential applications in the food industry of pulses seed coats: A comprehensive review","volume":"63","author":"Hou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14091753","article-title":"Consumer understanding of the Australian dietary guidelines: Recommendations for legumes and whole grains","volume":"14","author":"Reyneke","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051398","article-title":"It\u2019s no has bean: A review of the effects of white kidney bean extract on body composition and metabolic health","volume":"12","author":"Nolan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0030","first-page":"15","article-title":"The Seed Coat's Impact on Crop Performance in Pea (Pisum sativum L.)","volume":"11","author":"Quilichini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plants-Basel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.3390\/seeds3040038","article-title":"The role of seed characteristics on water uptake preceding germination","volume":"3","author":"Upretee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Seeds"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0040","article-title":"Sonophysical mechanisms of bubble fragmentation near an ultrasonically vibrating boundary: influence of frequency and amplitude on interfacial intensification","volume":"107852","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2025.107247","article-title":"Effects of ultrasonic treatment on the physicochemical, structural, and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peels","volume":"114","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2025.107798","article-title":"Pretreatment-driven intensification of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from microwave-dried pea haulm biomass","volume":"74","author":"Yeasmen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Bioscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2023.2204156","article-title":"Ultrasound as a Techno-Functional Modifier in Food Frying and Bioactive Compounds Extraction","volume":"40","author":"Yeasmen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.70572","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of ultrasonic, high pressure, and pulsed electric field processing on the extraction and storage stability of betalains from red beet by\u2010products","volume":"90","author":"Yeasmen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0065","article-title":"Ultrasound pretreatment and fermentation temperature improve phytochemical, antioxidant capacity, and mineral bioaccessibility in tempeh under simulated digestion","volume":"107738","author":"Harahap","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0070","article-title":"Green ultrasound-assisted extraction for efficient carotenoid profiling of calamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa)","volume":"107764","author":"Chutakool","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2023.106434","article-title":"Ultrasound treatments improve germinability of soybean seeds: The key role of working frequency","volume":"96","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0080","first-page":"42","article-title":"Effect of ultrasound and sodium bicarbonate treatment on the soaking characteristics of mung beans","volume":"43","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Technol. Food Ind."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1039\/C5FO01104C","article-title":"Intactness of cell wall structure controls the in vitro digestion of starch in legumes","volume":"7","author":"Dhital","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2006.06.007","article-title":"Rhizopus oligosporus and yeast co-cultivation during barley tempeh fermentation\u2014nutritional impact and real-time PCR quantification of fungal growth dynamics","volume":"24","author":"Feng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.12.041","article-title":"Influence of grain germination on functional properties of sorghum flour","volume":"121","author":"Abd Elmoneim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2008.12.055","article-title":"Enrichment of phenolics and free radical scavenging property of wheat koji prepared with two filamentous fungi","volume":"100","author":"Bhanja","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14142459","article-title":"Optimization of Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate from Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.), and Its Functional Properties","volume":"14","author":"Promjeen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2026.149755","article-title":"Balancing the modulation of soy protein structure to achieve improved texture and reduced antigenicity in soy yogurt: A practical approach of proteolytic pretreatment and lactic acid bacteria fermentation","volume":"519","author":"Lu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifset.2016.09.029","article-title":"Protein bioaccessibility of soymilk and soymilk curd prepared with two Lactobacillus plantarum strains as assessed by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion","volume":"38","author":"Rui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2017.01.020","article-title":"Evaluation of a modified method to measure total starch in animal feeds","volume":"226","author":"Ranathunga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0125","article-title":"Biaxially oriented polyethylene film preserves nutritional quality and extends the shelf life of postharvest peaches","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2004.04.002","article-title":"Processing of cassava roots to remove cyanogens","volume":"18","author":"Cardoso","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Food Compost. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-018-0119-1","article-title":"INFOGEST static in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal food digestion","volume":"14","author":"Brodkorb","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7787","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO01123E","article-title":"In vitro protein and starch digestion kinetics of individual chickpea cells: from static to more complex in vitro digestion approaches","volume":"12","author":"P\u00e4lchen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109512","article-title":"In vitro starch and protein digestion kinetics of cooked Bambara groundnuts depend on processing intensity and hardness sorting","volume":"137","author":"Gwala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0150","first-page":"649","article-title":"An in vitro procedure based on chewing to predict metabolic response to starch in cereal and legume products","volume":"46","author":"Granfeldt","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2025.147148","article-title":"Food surface characterization by scanning electron microscopy and fractal analysis: A review","volume":"498","author":"Bhuiyan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cep.2024.109765","article-title":"Velocity characteristics of microjets generated by double bubbles near a rigid wall under ultrasound","volume":"199","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8529","DOI":"10.1111\/ijfs.17301","article-title":"Influence of hydrocolloids and flours on acoustic-mechanical and microstructural properties of battered deep-fat fried meat","volume":"59","author":"Liberty","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.03.012","article-title":"Physicochemical and functional properties of coconut (Cocos nucifera L) cake dietary fibres: Effects of cellulase hydrolysis, acid treatment and particle size distribution","volume":"257","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jfpe.70422","article-title":"Effect of Ultrasound and Microwave Pretreatment on Soaking and Drying Behavior of Kidney Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): Kinetics and Physical Attributes","volume":"49","author":"Sonowal","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Food Process Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foostr.2023.100363","article-title":"Multifractal analysis of meat-analog based coated fried foods texture profile","volume":"39","author":"Bhuiyan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Structure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0185","article-title":"Influence of ultrasonication power and treatment duration on the functional and structural properties of elephant foot yam starch","volume":"107846","author":"Medha","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-023-03550-2","article-title":"Microbial \u03b2-glucanases: production, properties, and engineering","volume":"39","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4371","DOI":"10.1007\/s11947-024-03521-x","article-title":"Reasons of Higher Peptides Yield During Soybean Meal Solid-State Fermentation by Using Ultrasonic Pretreated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: Spores Germination","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food and Bioprocess Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12203781","article-title":"Impacts of ultrasonic treatment for black soybean okara culture medium containing choline chloride on the \u03b2-Glucosidase activity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BCRC 10357","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2019.01.137","article-title":"Changes in digestibility of proteins from chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) germinated in presence of selenium and antioxidant capacity of hydrolysates","volume":"285","author":"Serrano-Sandoval","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2026.119889","article-title":"Structural transitions and functional outcomes of soy protein isolate modified with carbohydrate conjugation via spray drying and ultrasonication","volume":"242","author":"Yeasmen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5423","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2022.2069258","article-title":"Effect of ultrasound pretreatment on the functional and bioactive properties of legumes protein hydrolysates and peptides: A comprehensive review","volume":"39","author":"Tawalbeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.885662","article-title":"Effect of fermentation time on molecular structure and physicochemical properties of corn ballast starch","volume":"9","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0225","article-title":"Flavor modulation of fermented degummed coffee beans by ultrasound and ultra-high pressure: metabolomic and volatile profiles","volume":"107940","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.754287","article-title":"Lentil and fava bean with contrasting germination kinetics: A focus on digestion of proteins and bioactivity of resistant peptides","volume":"12","author":"Bautista-Exp\u00f3sito","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0235","article-title":"Effect of ultrasonic treatment on structure and physicochemical properties of starch: An updated review","volume":"107824","author":"Bei","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0240","article-title":"Structural modification of oat flour through multi-frequency ultrasound pretreatment combined with germination regulation: an analysis from the perspectives of starch and protein","volume":"117727","author":"Dai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.144860","article-title":"Ultrasound, microwave, and their synergism assisted non-thermal isolation of pinto bean starch: effects on physicochemical, techno-functional, rheological, and in vitro digestibility properties","volume":"318","author":"Pasumarthi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."}],"container-title":["Ultrasonics Sonochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1350417726003780?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1350417726003780?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T17:14:26Z","timestamp":1793985266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1350417726003780"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S1350417726003780"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113","relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-4177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-4177","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ultrasound cracks the seed coat barrier: a strategy for whole-bean tempeh fermentation from black kidney bean with balanced protein-starch digestibility","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2026.108113","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108113"}}