{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T09:16:26Z","timestamp":1775898986597,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","goldjournal.net","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T03:23:47Z","timestamp":1589945027000},"page":"33-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Use of Nitrous Oxide in Office-based Urologic Procedures: A Review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"Ajay","family":"Gopalakrishna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raevti","family":"Bole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roy","family":"Lipworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaya","family":"Jimbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sevann","family":"Helo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Kohler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Ziegelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.21037\/tau.2017.07.34","article-title":"Office-based andrology and male infertility procedures-a cost-effective alternative","volume":"6","author":"Alom","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0002","first-page":"E202","article-title":"Patient experience of MRI-targeted prostate biopsy Patient-reported pain, discomfort, and anxiety during magnetic resonance imaging-targeted prostate biopsy","volume":"14","author":"Chesnut","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-13-00343","article-title":"Treatment efficacy of virtual reality distraction in the reduction of pain and anxiety during cystoscopy","volume":"179","author":"Walker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0004","first-page":"800","article-title":"Does using alprazolam during outpatient flexible cystoscopy decrease anxiety and pain?","volume":"70","author":"Ozkan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Esp Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.3298","article-title":"Incidence of and Risk Factors for Chronic Opioid Use Among Opioid-Naive Patients in the Postoperative Period","volume":"176","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2019.06.026","article-title":"Analgesic Effect of Nitrous Oxide\/Oxygen Mixture for Traumatic Pain in the Emergency Department: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study","volume":"57","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Emerg Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0007","first-page":"1","article-title":"Nitrous oxide inhalation sedation in dentistry: An overview of its applications and safety profile [published online ahead of print, 2019 May 31]","author":"Yee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Singapore Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2018.06.003","article-title":"Update on nitrous oxide and its use in anesthesia practice","volume":"32","author":"Zafirova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195574","article-title":"A 50-50% mixture of nitrous oxide-oxygen in transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: A randomized and prospective clinical trial","volume":"13","author":"Cazarim","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000092501.40772.28","article-title":"Nitrous oxide vs periprostatic nerve block with 1% lidocaine during transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy of the prostate: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"170","author":"Manikandan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.pcan.4500670","article-title":"Entonox analgesia for prostatic biopsy","volume":"6","author":"McIntyre","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)64842-2","article-title":"Nitrous oxide (Entonox) inhalation and tolerance of transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy: a double-blind randomized controlled study","volume":"168","author":"Masood","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0013","first-page":"1167","article-title":"[Use of MEOPA (nitrogen monoxide-oxygen mixture) as analgesic for prostate biopsies]","volume":"14","author":"Long","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prog Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.purol.2008.03.028","article-title":"[Value of nitrous oxide-oxygen mixture (Entonox) in transrectal prostate biopsies]","volume":"18","author":"Spie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.03.036","article-title":"Nitrous oxide inhalation to improve patient acceptance and reduce procedure related pain of flexible cystoscopy for men younger than 55 years","volume":"178","author":"Calleary","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2019.07.010","article-title":"A Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Operating Room Versus Office-based Ureteral Stenting With the Novel Use of Nitrous Oxide Sedation","volume":"132","author":"Doersch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000258763.17768.ce","article-title":"Case-series of nurse-administered nitrous oxide for urinary catheterization in children","volume":"104","author":"Zier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-007-0508-z","article-title":"Sedation with nitrous oxide compared with no sedation during catheterization for urologic imaging in children","volume":"37","author":"Zier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/26.8.513","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the brief behavioral distress scale: a measure of children's distress during invasive medical procedures","volume":"26","author":"Tucker","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240-007-0120-6","article-title":"The analgesic effect of inhalational Entonox for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy","volume":"35","author":"Mazdak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s40138-016-0092-3","article-title":"Nitrous Oxide, From the Operating Room to the Emergency Department","volume":"4","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Emerg Hosp Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68230-5","article-title":"Procedural sedation and analgesia in children","volume":"367","author":"Krauss","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2012.0123","article-title":"Nitrous oxide-oxygen administration: when safety features no longer are safe","volume":"143","author":"Donaldson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4901","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41412-w","article-title":"What is the most effective local anesthesia for transrectal ultrasonography-guided biopsy of the prostate? A systematic review and network meta-analysis of 47 randomized clinical trials","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40421","DOI":"10.1038\/srep40421","article-title":"Local anesthesia for transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate: A meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1547","article-title":"A Comparative Evaluation of the Sedative Effects of Nitrous Oxide-oxygen Inhalation and Oral Midazolam-Ketamine Combination in Children","volume":"11","author":"Ilasrinivasan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-014-3608-5","article-title":"Nitrous oxide procedural sedation in non-fasting pediatric patients undergoing minor surgery: a 12-year experience with 1,058 patients","volume":"31","author":"Pasaron","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000122","article-title":"Nitrous oxide-related postoperative nausea and vomiting depends on duration of exposure","volume":"120","author":"Peyton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31823aff6d","article-title":"Safety of high-concentration nitrous oxide by nasal mask for pediatric procedural sedation: experience with 7802 cases","volume":"27","author":"Zier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2003.11.037","article-title":"Nitrous oxide analgesia for minor pediatric surgical procedures: an effective alternative to conscious sedation?","volume":"39","author":"Burnweit","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06575-8","article-title":"Adverse events of premixed nitrous oxide and oxygen for procedural sedation in children","volume":"358","author":"Gall","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banks A, Hardman JG. Nitrous oxide. Continuing Education in Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain. 2005;5:145-148.","DOI":"10.1093\/bjaceaccp\/mki039"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.20186","article-title":"Effectiveness of fixed 50% nitrous oxide oxygen mixture and EMLA cream for insertion of central venous catheters in children","volume":"43","author":"Abdelkefi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200701000-00028","article-title":"An early example of evidence-based medicine: hypoxemia due to nitrous oxide","volume":"106","author":"Cheney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7434002","article-title":"Anesthetics as teratogens: nitrous oxide is fetotoxic, xenon is not","volume":"210","author":"Lane","year":"1980","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1998.tb02594.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of 50% nitrous oxide\/50% oxygen during laceration repair in children","volume":"5","author":"Burton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2001.112003","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial of continuous-flow nitrous oxide and midazolam for sedation of young children during laceration repair","volume":"37","author":"Luhmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-199912000-00004","article-title":"Continuous-flow delivery of nitrous oxide and oxygen: a safe and cost-effective technique for inhalation analgesia and sedation of pediatric patients","volume":"15","author":"Luhmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e63","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.52034","article-title":"Analgesic and physiological effects in conscious sedation with different nitrous oxide concentrations","volume":"7","author":"Bonafe-Monzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e528","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1044","article-title":"High-concentration nitrous oxide for procedural sedation in children: adverse events and depth of sedation","volume":"121","author":"Babl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-8180(99)00087-2","article-title":"Cost analysis of xenon anesthesia: a comparison with nitrous oxide-isoflurane and nitrous oxide-sevoflurane anesthesia","volume":"11","author":"Nakata","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2005.03.002","article-title":"Nitrous oxide: a unique drug of continuing importance for anaesthesia","volume":"19","author":"Hopkins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31821f659c","article-title":"A cost-benefit analysis of the ENIGMA trial","volume":"115","author":"Graham","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2006.07.004","article-title":"Occupational exposure to nitrous oxide - the role of scavenging and ventilation systems in reducing the exposure level in operating rooms","volume":"210","author":"Krajewski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001680","article-title":"Nitrous Oxide During Labor: Maternal Satisfaction Does Not Depend Exclusively on Analgesic Effectiveness","volume":"124","author":"Richardson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"}],"container-title":["Urology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0090429520305690?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0090429520305690?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T02:21:42Z","timestamp":1758766902000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0090429520305690"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S0090429520305690"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-4295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-4295","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Use of Nitrous Oxide in Office-based Urologic Procedures: A Review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Urology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urology.2020.05.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}