{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T08:27:44Z","timestamp":1778660864999,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T03:02:50Z","timestamp":1666234970000},"page":"539.e1-539.e8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Analysis of sex-based differences to Bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2949-3289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Fadel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Simonyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Fradet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Lodde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Lacombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Fradet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Toren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2016.06.010","article-title":"Bladder Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Global Overview and Recent Trends","volume":"71","author":"Antoni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(21)00411-0","article-title":"Natural history of superficial bladder cancer. Prognostic features and long-term disease course","volume":"19","author":"Heney","year":"1992","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eursup.2006.04.008","article-title":"Improving patient outcomes: optimal BCG treatment regimen to prevent progression in superficial bladder cancer","volume":"5","author":"Lamm","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Urology Supplements"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)64043-8","article-title":"Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin versus mitomycin C for superficial bladder cancer: a formal meta-analysis of comparative studies on recurrence and toxicity","volume":"169","author":"B\u00f6hle","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2003.11.049","article-title":"Intravesical bacille Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin versus mitomycin C in superficial bladder cancer: formal meta-analysis of comparative studies on tumor progression","volume":"63","author":"B\u00f6hle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)00481-1","article-title":"Gender differences in stage distribution of bladder cancer","volume":"55","author":"Mungan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.11.040","article-title":"Gender-specific differences in clinicopathologic outcomes following radical cystectomy: an international multi-institutional study of more than 8000 patients","volume":"66","author":"Kluth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.21037\/tau.2018.11.06","article-title":"Review on gender differences in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer","volume":"8","author":"Bilski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2011.10.029","article-title":"Female gender and carcinoma in situ in the prostatic urethra are prognostic factors for recurrence, progression, and disease-specific mortality in T1G3 bladder cancer patients treated with bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin","volume":"62","author":"Palou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-012-0996-9","article-title":"Female gender is associated with higher risk of disease recurrence in patients with primary T1 high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder","volume":"31","author":"Kluth","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0011","first-page":"444","article-title":"Conservative management and female gender are associated with increased cancer-specific death in patients with isolated primary urothelial carcinoma in situ","volume":"24","author":"Alanee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Care (Engl)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.4103\/UA.UA_115_17","article-title":"Prognostic impact of Bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin interruption at the time of induction and consolidation","volume":"9","author":"Alhogbani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Urol Ann"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0013","first-page":"E424","article-title":"Canadian Urological Association guideline on the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer - Full-text","volume":"15","author":"Bhindi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.12.033","article-title":"European Association of Urology (EAU) Prognostic Factor Risk Groups for Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) Incorporating the WHO 2004\/2016 and WHO 1973 Classification Systems for Grade: An Update from the EAU NMIBC Guidelines Panel","volume":"79","author":"Sylvester","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2013.07.102","article-title":"Defining progression in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: it is time for a new, standard definition","volume":"191","author":"Lamm","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1097\/01.COC.0000026911.98171.C6","article-title":"Impact of intravesical chemotherapy versus BCG immunotherapy on recurrence of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: meta-analytic reevaluation","volume":"26","author":"Huncharek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.07.016","article-title":"Predicting non-muscle invasive bladder cancer recurrence and progression in patients treated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin: the CUETO scoring model","volume":"182","author":"Fernandez-Gomez","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2009.09137.x","article-title":"The effect of gender on response to bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin therapy for patients with non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder","volume":"106","author":"Boorjian","year":"2010","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2017.08.007","article-title":"Gender-specific differences in recurrence of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Uhlig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Urol Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01269","article-title":"The confluence of sex hormones and aging on immunity","volume":"9","author":"Gubbels Bupp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R179","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-17-0493","article-title":"Sex steroids in the tumor microenvironment and prostate cancer progression","volume":"25","author":"Boibessot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euo.2020.08.013","article-title":"Sex differences in bladder cancer immunobiology and outcomes: a collaborative review with implications for treatment","volume":"3","author":"Koti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Urol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3726","article-title":"Tumor-suppressor genes that escape from X-inactivation contribute to cancer sex bias","volume":"49","author":"Dunford","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.10.019","article-title":"Sex Differences in the Blood Transcriptome Identify Robust Changes in Immune Cell Proportions with Aging and Influenza Infection","volume":"29","author":"Bongen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E488","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1714765115","article-title":"Distinctive roles of age, sex, and genetics in shaping transcriptional variation of human immune responses to microbial challenges","volume":"115","author":"Piasecka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2020.06.013","article-title":"Low compliance to guidelines in non-muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma: A systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Mori","year":"2020","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2019.06.001","article-title":"Sex-specific differences in the quality of treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer do not explain the overall survival discrepancy","volume":"7","author":"Krimphove","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Urol Focus"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000001633","article-title":"Contemporary outcomes of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with bacillus calmette-gu\u00e9rin: implications for clinical trial design","volume":"205","author":"Matulay","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Urol"}],"container-title":["Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1078143922003520?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1078143922003520?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T10:26:06Z","timestamp":1761042366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1078143922003520"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1078143922003520"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-1439"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-1439","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Analysis of sex-based differences to Bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.024","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}