{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T19:51:24Z","timestamp":1792093884733,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100023581","name":"National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DGE-2139841"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DGE-2139841"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100023581","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014042","name":"DOD Peer Reviewed Cancer Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-20-1-0454"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-20-1-0454"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014042","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CA292949"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA292949"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CA288820"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA288820"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37CA258730"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37CA258730"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004064","name":"Prostate Cancer Research and Education Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004064","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000892","name":"Prostate Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17YOUN12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17YOUN12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000892","name":"Prostate Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25CHAL05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25CHAL05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T06:48:33Z","timestamp":1791960513000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Translational research models for variant subtype bladder cancers: A comprehensive review of the current landscape"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Gabriella U.","family":"Nanjo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zirui","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shayan","family":"Smani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soum D.","family":"Lokeshwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6149-1331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Warrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8470-3593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepika","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3715-5332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Curtis J.","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei Shen","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darryl T.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7417-1599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fady","family":"Ghali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0001","first-page":"10","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2025","volume":"75","author":"Siegel","year":"2025","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2019.09.006","article-title":"A consensus molecular classification of muscle-invasive bladder cancer","volume":"77","author":"Kamoun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.09.007","article-title":"Comprehensive molecular characterization of muscle-invasive bladder cancer","volume":"171","author":"Robertson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2021.07.015","article-title":"Survival outcomes after immediate radical cystectomy versus conservative management with Bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin among T1 high-grade micropapillary bladder cancer patients: results from a Multicentre collaboration","volume":"8","author":"Lonati","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Urol Focus"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.09.008","article-title":"Oncologic outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with micropapillary variant urothelial carcinoma of the bladder","volume":"41","author":"Rahman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3050","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16173050","article-title":"Evaluating treatment patterns and the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma: insights from a combined national and institutional series","volume":"16","author":"Rahman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000003778","article-title":"Long-term oncological outcomes in patients diagnosed with nonmetastatic plasmacytoid variant of bladder cancer: a 20-year University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center experience","volume":"211","author":"Sood","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2536","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17152536","article-title":"Evaluating the therapeutic role of lymph node dissection in variant subtype bladder cancer","volume":"17","author":"Rahman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2023.05.014","article-title":"Metastatic bladder cancer expression and subcellular localization of nectin-4 and trop-2 in variant histology: a rapid autopsy study","volume":"21","author":"Ghali","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Genitourin Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3503","article-title":"Frequent somatic CDH1 loss-of-function mutations in plasmacytoid variant bladder cancer","volume":"48","author":"Al-Ahmadie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2022.07.002","article-title":"The 2022 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the urinary system and male genital organs-Part B: prostate and urinary tract tumors","volume":"82","author":"Netto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699-0463.1969.tb04520.x","article-title":"Heterotransplantation of a human malignant tumour to \u201cNude\u201d mice","volume":"77","author":"Rygaard","year":"1969","journal-title":"Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0013","first-page":"285","article-title":"Heterotransplantation of human urinary bladder cancers in nude mice","volume":"18","author":"Naito","year":"1981","journal-title":"Invest Urol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2001.1796","article-title":"Relationships between drug activity in NCI preclinical in vitro and in vivo models and early clinical trials","volume":"84","author":"Johnson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4652","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-0113","article-title":"An in vivo platform for translational drug development in pancreatic cancer","volume":"12","author":"Rubio-Viqueira","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3954","article-title":"High-throughput screening using patient-derived tumor xenografts to predict clinical trial drug response","volume":"21","author":"Gao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134346","article-title":"Development and characterization of bladder cancer patient-derived xenografts for molecularly guided targeted therapy","volume":"10","author":"Pan","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12020439","article-title":"Patient-derived xenograft models in urological malignancies: urothelial cell carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma","volume":"12","author":"Tracey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.930731","article-title":"Integrated molecular and pharmacological characterization of patient-derived xenografts from bladder and ureteral cancers identifies new potential therapies","volume":"12","author":"Lang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0020","unstructured":"The Jackson Laboratory. n.d. Patient Derived Xenograft Search Results: Bladder. Mouse Models of Human Cancer Database (MMHCdb), Mouse Genome Informatics. Accessed December 16, 2025. https:\/\/tumor.informatics.jax.org\/mtbwi\/pdxSearchResults.do?primarySites=Bladder"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9053","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-2880","article-title":"Multiple injections of electroporated autologous T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor mediate regression of human disseminated tumor","volume":"70","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3466","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-14-3510","article-title":"Nivolumab and Urelumab enhance antitumor activity of Human T lymphocytes engrafted in Rag2-\/-IL2R\u03b3null immunodeficient mice","volume":"75","author":"Sanmamed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0023","article-title":"Humanized mice (humice) carrying patient-derived xenograft (PDX) as a platform to develop immunotherapy in bladder cancer (BCa)","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0024","article-title":"Current advances in the management of nonurothelial subtypes of bladder cancer","volume":"44","author":"Vlachou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book Am Soc Clin Oncol Annu Meet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000000761","article-title":"Histological subtypes and response to PD-1\/PD-L1 blockade in advanced urothelial cancer: a retrospective study","volume":"204","author":"Miller","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-11398-w","article-title":"The prognostic significance of histologic variant on survival outcomes in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy","volume":"23","author":"Tsai","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)69008-6","article-title":"The induction of transplantable bladder carcinoma in inbred strains of mice","volume":"62","author":"Hughes","year":"1949","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0028","first-page":"2834","article-title":"Optimizing syngeneic orthotopic murine bladder cancer (MB49)","volume":"59","author":"G\u00fcnther","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.06.081","article-title":"The tumor microenvironment","volume":"30","author":"Anderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Biol CB"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0030","first-page":"98","article-title":"The distribution of secondary growths in cancer of the breast","volume":"8","author":"Paget","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0031","article-title":"Tumor microenvironment heterogeneity in bladder cancer identifies biologically distinct subtypes predicting prognosis and anti-PD-L1 responses","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-18-0044","article-title":"Mouse models for cancer immunotherapy research","volume":"8","author":"Olson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"issue":"4526","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6272397","article-title":"Integration and stable germ line transmission of genes injected into mouse pronuclei","volume":"214","author":"Gordon","year":"1981","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(84)90257-5","article-title":"Spontaneous mammary adenocarcinomas in transgenic mice that carry and express MTV\/myc fusion genes","volume":"38","author":"Stewart","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90449-1","article-title":"Coexpression of MMTV\/v-ha-ras and MMTV\/c-myc genes in transgenic mice: synergistic action of oncogenes in vivo","volume":"49","author":"Sinn","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0036","first-page":"3512","article-title":"Urothelium-specific expression of an oncogene in transgenic mice induced the formation of carcinoma in situ and invasive transitional cell carcinoma","volume":"59","author":"Zhang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016209","article-title":"Lkb1 and Pten synergise to suppress mTOR-mediated tumorigenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the mouse bladder","volume":"6","author":"Shorning","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2011.69","article-title":"HER2 gene amplification occurs frequently in the micropapillary variant of urothelial carcinoma: analysis by dual-color in situ hybridization","volume":"24","author":"Ching","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1915770117","article-title":"A genetically defined disease model reveals that urothelial cells can initiate divergent bladder cancer phenotypes","volume":"117","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201606857","article-title":"Genetically engineered mouse models in oncology research and cancer medicine","volume":"9","author":"Kersten","year":"2017","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"issue":"7244","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07935","article-title":"Single Lgr5 stem cells build crypt-villus structures in vitro without a mesenchymal niche","volume":"459","author":"Sato","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.03.017","article-title":"Tumor evolution and drug response in patient-derived organoid models of bladder cancer","volume":"173","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4567","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1803595116","article-title":"Mouse and human urothelial cancer organoids: a tool for bladder cancer research","volume":"116","author":"Mullenders","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2024.05.026","article-title":"Integrative drug screening and multiomic characterization of patient-derived bladder cancer organoids reveal novel molecular correlates of gemcitabine response","volume":"86","author":"Merrill","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1038\/s41698-023-00466-w","article-title":"Patient-derived organoids identify tailored therapeutic options and determinants of plasticity in sarcomatoid urothelial bladder cancer","volume":"7","author":"Garioni","year":"2023","journal-title":"NPJ Precis Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3300","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.96027","article-title":"Building consensus on the application of organoid-based drug sensitivity testing in cancer precision medicine and drug development","volume":"14","author":"Xiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00400","article-title":"An ex vivo tissue culture model for the assessment of individualized drug responses in prostate and bladder cancer","volume":"8","author":"van de Merbel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0603-677","article-title":"Regulation of angiogenesis by hypoxia: role of the HIF system","volume":"9","author":"Pugh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.1057913","article-title":"Tumor-on-a-chip: perfusable vascular incorporation brings new approach to tumor metastasis research and drug development","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8887","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22168887","article-title":"Establishment of three-dimensional bioprinted bladder cancer-on-a-chip with a microfluidic system using Bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2657","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16152657","article-title":"Development of a bladder cancer-on-a-chip model to assess bladder cancer cell invasiveness","volume":"16","author":"Ewell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0052","first-page":"1018","article-title":"In-silico analysis of deleterious SNPs of FGF4 gene and their impacts on protein structure, function and bladder cancer prognosis","volume":"12","author":"Lim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life Basel Switz"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-06740-5","article-title":"In silico analysis of the immune microenvironment in bladder cancer","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"}],"container-title":["Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1078143926007350?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1078143926007350?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T19:37:25Z","timestamp":1792093045000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1078143926007350"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["S1078143926007350"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-1439"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-1439","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Translational research models for variant subtype bladder cancers: A comprehensive review of the current landscape","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urolonc.2026.09.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}