{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T01:43:05Z","timestamp":1791855785047,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011523","name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011523","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007231","name":"Cornell University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007231","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["vaajournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T00:37:27Z","timestamp":1741653447000},"page":"328-337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Speed of reversal by sugammadex or neostigmine after vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block in dogs: Randomized clinical trial and pharmacological modeling"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2014-9040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Martin-Flores","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augusto M.","family":"Lorenzutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra D.","family":"Markmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9805-9769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquin","family":"Araos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0044-8051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Campoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei240","article-title":"Postoperative residual neuromuscular block: a survey of management","volume":"95","author":"Baillard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib2","first-page":"550","article-title":"Residual neuromuscular blockade in a real life clinical setting: correlation with sugammadex or neostigmine administration","volume":"82","author":"Batistaki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1997.tb04851.x","article-title":"Residual neuromuscular block is a risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications. A prospective, randomised, and blinded study of postoperative pulmonary complications after atracurium, vecuronium and pancuronium","volume":"41","author":"Berg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib4","first-page":"266","article-title":"A\u00a0novel concept of reversing neuromuscular block: chemical encapsulation of rocuronium bromide by a cyclodextrin-based synthetic host","volume":"41","author":"Bom","year":"2002","journal-title":"Angew Chem Int Ed Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12473","article-title":"Mathematical modeling and simulation in animal health. Part III: using\u00a0nonlinear mixed-effects to characterize and quantify variability in drug pharmacokinetics","volume":"41","author":"Bon","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000004578","article-title":"A\u00a0dose-finding study of sugammadex for reversal of rocuronium in cardiac surgery patients and postoperative monitoring for recurrent paralysis","volume":"139","author":"Bowdle","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib7","article-title":"Rocuronium-neuromuscular blockade does not influence the patient state index in anesthetized dogs","volume":"84","author":"Burns","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2023.08.002","article-title":"Sugammadex for reversal\u00a0of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade during alfaxalone anesthesia in dogs","volume":"50","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000270722.95764.37","article-title":"Reversal of rocuronium-induced (1.2 mg\/kg) profound neuromuscular block by sugammadex: a multicenter, dose-finding and safety study","volume":"107","author":"de Boer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200305000-00004","article-title":"Residual paralysis in the PACU after a single intubating dose of nondepolarizing muscle relaxant with an intermediate duration of action","volume":"98","author":"Debaene","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12155","article-title":"Reversal of rocuronium induced neuromuscular block with sugammadex or neostigmine: a large observational study","volume":"57","author":"Della Rocca","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2001.01921.x","article-title":"Postoperative residual block after intermediate-acting neuromuscular blocking drugs","volume":"56","author":"Hayes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib13","first-page":"CD012763","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of sugammadex versus neostigmine in reversing neuromuscular blockade in adults","volume":"8","author":"Hristovska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib14","first-page":"422","article-title":"Clarifying the grey space of sugammadex induced bradycardia","volume":"36","author":"Johnson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(18)31825-3","article-title":"Neuromuscular blocking action of vecuronium in the dog and its reversal by neostigmine","volume":"38","author":"Jones","year":"1985","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(18)32255-0","article-title":"Neuromuscular blocking action of atracurium in the dog and its reversal by neostigmine","volume":"34","author":"Jones","year":"1983","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev437","article-title":"Sugammadex and neostigmine dose-finding study for reversal of residual neuromuscular block at a train-of-four ratio of 0.2 (SUNDRO20)","volume":"116","author":"Kaufhold","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib18","series-title":"Mixed effects models for the population approach: models, tasks, methods and tools","author":"Lavielle","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib19","first-page":"156","article-title":"Evaluation of neostigmine antagonism at different levels of vecuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in isoflurane anesthetized dogs","volume":"55","author":"Lorenzutti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2023.11.008","article-title":"Sugammadex for reversal of moderate-to-deep rocuronium block in a clinical setting: a retrospective report of 10 dogs","volume":"51","author":"Martin-Flores","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2019.01.002","article-title":"Can we see fade? A survey of anesthesia providers and our ability to detect partial neuromuscular block in dogs","volume":"46","author":"Martin-Flores","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeq172","article-title":"Reversal of profound rocuronium block monitored in three muscle groups with sugammadex in ponies","volume":"105","author":"Mosing","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2011.08.034","article-title":"Reversal of profound rocuronium or vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block with sugammadex in isoflurane-anaesthetised dogs","volume":"192","author":"Mosing","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6","DOI":"10.1038\/psp.2012.4","article-title":"Basic concepts in population modeling, simulation, and model-based drug development","volume":"1","author":"Mould","year":"2012","journal-title":"CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e38","DOI":"10.1038\/psp.2013.14","article-title":"Basic concepts in population modeling, simulation, and model-based drug development-part 2: introduction to pharmacokinetic modeling methods","volume":"2","author":"Mould","year":"2013","journal-title":"CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31816d1268","article-title":"Residual neuromuscular blockade and critical respiratory events in the postanesthesia care unit","volume":"107","author":"Murphy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib27","series-title":"Introduction to population pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic analysis with nonlinear mixed effects models","author":"Owen","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318297ce95","article-title":"Reversal of neuromuscular blockade with sugammadex at the reappearance of four twitches to train-of-four stimulation","volume":"119","author":"Pongr\u00e1cz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2016.04.001","article-title":"Recovery from rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block was longer in the larynx than in the pelvic limb of anesthetized dogs","volume":"44","author":"Sakai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181f4182a","article-title":"Sugammadex and neostigmine dose-finding study for reversal of shallow residual neuromuscular block","volume":"113","author":"Schaller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000265152.78943.74","article-title":"Early reversal of profound rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade by sugammadex in a randomized multicenter study: efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics","volume":"106","author":"Sparr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2023.11.004","article-title":"Evaluation of a rapid sequence induction technique in dogs with or without rocuronium","volume":"51","author":"Trenholme","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2017.05.003","article-title":"Partial neuromuscular block impairs arytenoid abduction during hypercarbic challenge in anesthetized dogs","volume":"44","author":"Tseng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14278","article-title":"A\u00a0population pharmacokinetic model for escitalopram and its major metabolite in depressive patients during the perinatal period: prediction of infant drug exposure through breast milk","volume":"86","author":"Weisskopf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1467298725000601?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1467298725000601?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T13:15:40Z","timestamp":1746105340000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1467298725000601"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1467298725000601"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1467-2987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1467-2987","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Speed of reversal by sugammadex or neostigmine after vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block in dogs: Randomized clinical trial and pharmacological modeling","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaa.2025.03.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}