{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T13:06:17Z","timestamp":1759410377634},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"48-49","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]],"date-time":"2005-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,8]],"date-time":"2005-02-08T15:15:25Z","timestamp":1107875725000},"page":"5688-5697","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Efficacious, nontoxigenic Bacillus anthracis spore vaccines based on strains expressing mutant variants of lethal toxin components"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"I.","family":"Mendelson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Gat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Aloni-Grinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Altboum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Inbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Kronman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Bar-Haim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Velan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Shafferman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib1","first-page":"335","article-title":"Anthrax: clinical features, pathogenesis, and potential biological warfare threat","volume":"20","author":"Friedlander","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Clin Top Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2003.12.001","article-title":"The roles of anthrax toxin in pathogenesis","volume":"7","author":"Moayeri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.55.1.647","article-title":"Anthrax","volume":"55","author":"Mock","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.19.111301.140655","article-title":"Anthrax toxin","volume":"19","author":"Collier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2001.01498.x","article-title":"The development of new vaccines against Bacillus anthracis","volume":"91","author":"Baillie","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1097\/00001432-200004000-00004","article-title":"Current status of immunization against anthrax: old vaccines may be here to stay for a while","volume":"13","author":"Turnbull","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1656(95)00092-5","article-title":"Development of novel vaccines against anthrax in man","volume":"44","author":"Stepanov","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biotechnol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.52.2.509-512.1986","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of Bacillus anthracis live spore vaccine and protective antigen vaccine against anthrax in the guinea pig","volume":"52","author":"Little","year":"1986","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.52.2.356-363.1986","article-title":"Development of antibodies to protective antigen and lethal factor components of anthrax toxin in humans and guinea pigs and their relevance to protective immunity","volume":"52","author":"Turnbull","year":"1986","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.64.3.982-991.1998","article-title":"Fermentation, purification, and characterization of protective antigen from a recombinant, avirulent strain of Bacillus anthracis","volume":"64","author":"Farchaus","year":"1998","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1994.1031","article-title":"Effect of different plasmids on colonization of mouse tissues by the aromatic amino acid dependent Salmonella typhimurium SL 3261","volume":"16","author":"Coulson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.59.6.1961-1965.1991","article-title":"Protection against anthrax with recombinant virus-expressed protective antigen in experimental animals","volume":"59","author":"Iacono-Connors","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.54.2.537-542.1986","article-title":"Cloning and expression of the Bacillus anthracis protective antigen gene in Bacillus subtilis","volume":"54","author":"Ivins","year":"1986","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.58.2.303-308.1990","article-title":"Immunization against anthrax with aromatic compound-dependent (Aro-) mutants of Bacillus anthracis and with recombinant strains of Bacillus subtilis that produce anthrax protective antigen","volume":"58","author":"Ivins","year":"1990","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(88)90015-0","article-title":"Comparative safety and efficacy against Bacillus anthracis of protective antigen and live vaccines in mice","volume":"5","author":"Welkos","year":"1988","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.2.801-813.2003","article-title":"Use of a promoter trap system in Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis for the development of recombinant protective antigen-based vaccines","volume":"71","author":"Gat","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.1998.00405.x","article-title":"The expression of the protective antigen of Bacillus anthracis in Bacillus subtilis","volume":"84","author":"Baillie","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472-765X.1998.00274.x","article-title":"Production and purification of recombinant protective antigen and protective efficacy against Bacillus anthracis","volume":"26","author":"Miller","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lett Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(95)00139-R","article-title":"Experimental anthrax vaccines: efficacy of adjuvants combined with protective antigen against an aerosol Bacillus anthracis spore challenge in guinea pigs","volume":"13","author":"Ivins","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(91)90237-Z","article-title":"Anthrax vaccines: past, present and future","volume":"9","author":"Turnbull","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3011","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00109-9","article-title":"Evaluation of the compatibility of a second generation recombinant anthrax vaccine with aluminum-containing adjuvants","volume":"21","author":"Jendrek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3472","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.59.10.3472-3477.1991","article-title":"Contribution of individual toxin components to virulence of Bacillus anthracis","volume":"59","author":"Pezard","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-139-10-2459","article-title":"Construction of Bacillus anthracis mutant strains producing a single toxin component","volume":"139","author":"Pezard","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Gen Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.63.4.1369-1372.1995","article-title":"Protective immunity induced by Bacillus anthracis toxin-deficient strains","volume":"63","author":"Pezard","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.2.661-664.2002","article-title":"Anthrax spores make an essential contribution to vaccine efficacy","volume":"70","author":"Brossier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10925","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1834478100","article-title":"A dually active anthrax vaccine that confers protection against both bacilli and toxins","volume":"100","author":"Rhie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.2.562-567.1999","article-title":"Vaccination against anthrax with attenuated recombinant strains of Bacillus anthracis that produce protective antigen","volume":"67","author":"Barnard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4549","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.8.4549-4558.2000","article-title":"Attenuated nontoxinogenic and nonencapsulated recombinant Bacillus anthracis spore vaccines protect against anthrax","volume":"68","author":"Cohen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10277","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.21.10277","article-title":"Anthrax toxin protective antigen is activated by a cell surface protease with the sequence specificity and catalytic properties of furin","volume":"89","author":"Klimpel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"46","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29039","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)62010-7","article-title":"The chymotrypsin-sensitive site, FFD315, in anthrax toxin protective antigen is required for translocation of lethal factor","volume":"269","author":"Singh","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3941","DOI":"10.1021\/bi972657b","article-title":"Identification of residues lining the anthrax protective antigen channel","volume":"37","author":"Benson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1126\/science.109563","article-title":"Dominant-negative mutants of a toxin subunit: an approach to therapy of anthrax","volume":"292","author":"Sellman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.6.2111-2116.2001","article-title":"Involvement of domain 3 in oligomerization by the protective antigen moiety of anthrax toxin","volume":"183","author":"Mogridge","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15493","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)98643-6","article-title":"The carboxyl-terminal end of protective antigen is required for receptor-binding and anthrax toxin activity","volume":"266","author":"Singh","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.2.964-967.1999","article-title":"Functional analysis of the carboxy-terminal domain of Bacillus anthracis protective antigen","volume":"67","author":"Brossier","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.4.1860-1865.1999","article-title":"Identification of a receptor-binding region within domain 4 of the protective antigen component of anthrax toxin","volume":"67","author":"Varughese","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00500.x","article-title":"Anthrax toxin lethal factor contains a zinc metalloprotease consensus sequence which is required for lethal toxin activity","volume":"13","author":"Klimpel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"year":"1990","series-title":"Molecular biological methods for Bacillus","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib38"},{"year":"1982","series-title":"Molecular cloning. A laboratory manual","author":"Maniatis","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib39"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib40","series-title":"Molecular biological methods for Bacillus","first-page":"75","article-title":"Plasmids","author":"Bron","year":"1990"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(89)90335-1","article-title":"Nucleotide sequence and analysis of the lethal factor gene (lef) from Bacillus anthracis","volume":"81","author":"Bragg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.58.6.1606-1613.1990","article-title":"Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the lethal factor component of Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin","volume":"58","author":"Little","year":"1990","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2888","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.5.2888-2893.2001","article-title":"Search for correlates of protective immunity conferred by anthrax vaccine","volume":"69","author":"Reuveny","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7045","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.052160199","article-title":"The lethal and edema factors of anthrax toxin bind only to oligomeric forms of the protective antigen","volume":"99","author":"Mogridge","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5227","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M210321200","article-title":"Cell surface tumor endothelium marker 8 cytoplasmic tail-independent anthrax toxin binding, proteolytic processing, oligomer formation, and internalization","volume":"278","author":"Liu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)47273-6","article-title":"A deleted variant of Bacillus anthracis protective antigen is non-toxic and blocks anthrax toxin action in vivo","volume":"264","author":"Singh","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13601","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405557101","article-title":"A cationic lipid-formulated plasmid DNA vaccine confers sustained antibody-mediated protection against aerosolized anthrax spores","volume":"101","author":"Hermanson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"}],"container-title":["Vaccine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0264410X05000927?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0264410X05000927?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,4]],"date-time":"2021-07-04T21:46:50Z","timestamp":1625435210000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0264410X05000927"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"48-49","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0264410X05000927"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.077","relation":{},"ISSN":["0264-410X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0264-410X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}}}