{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T16:23:32Z","timestamp":1786379012390,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"48","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,12]],"date-time":"2012-09-12T21:27:23Z","timestamp":1347485243000},"page":"6738-6744","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Sampling methods for the study of pneumococcal carriage: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"R.A.","family":"Gladstone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Jefferies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.N.","family":"Faust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.C.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0005","unstructured":"US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, PubMed. [cited 31.10.11]; available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/."},{"issue":"September (9693)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61204-6","article-title":"Burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children younger than 5 years: global estimates","volume":"374","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"05","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268805004012","article-title":"A longitudinal household study of Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal carriage in a UK setting","volume":"133","author":"Hussain","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0020","unstructured":"Department of Health (2006). Important changes to the childhood immunisation programme, PL\/CMO\/2006\/1."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0025","unstructured":"Department of Health. Introduction of Prevenar 13\u00ae into the Childhood Immunisation Programme. Department of Health, Gateway reference: 13581 (2010)."},{"issue":"November (Suppl 6)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.06.016","article-title":"Outcomes and costs associated with PHiD-CV, a new protein D conjugate pneumococcal vaccine, in four countries","volume":"28","author":"Talbird","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)00938-7","article-title":"Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation: the key to pneumococcal disease","volume":"4","author":"Bogaert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"October 10","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70090-1","article-title":"Herd immunity and serotype replacement 4 years after seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in England and Wales: an observational cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Miller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.04.004","article-title":"Declining serotype coverage of new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines relating to the carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in young children","volume":"29","author":"Tocheva","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2010.03.005","article-title":"Evidence that pneumococcal serotype replacement in Massachusetts following conjugate vaccination is now complete","volume":"2","author":"Hanage","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epidemics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000049347.42983.77","article-title":"The Who Pneumococcal Vaccine Trials Carriage Working Group. Report from a WHO Working Group: standard method for detecting upper respiratory carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"22","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"August (8)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01903-07","article-title":"Effect of swab composition and use of swabs versus swab-containing skim milk-tryptone-glucose-glycerol (STGG) on culture- or PCR-based detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae in simulated and clinical respiratory specimens in STGG transport medium","volume":"46","author":"Rubin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0065","unstructured":"CDC. PCR deduction of pneumococcal serotypes. 2011; http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncidod\/biotech\/strep\/pcr.htm [accessed 06.11]."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02243-09","article-title":"Revisiting pneumococcal carriage using broth-enrichment and PCR techniques for enhanced detection of carriage and serotypes","volume":"48","author":"Carvalho","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3146","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01505-12","article-title":"Potential non-pneumococcal confounding of PCR-based determination of serotype in carriage","volume":"50","author":"Carvalho","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"June (Pt. 6)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.056580-0","article-title":"Variation at the capsule locus, cps, of mistyped and non-typable Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates","volume":"158","author":"Salter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"July (7)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00704-09","article-title":"Rarely occurring 19A-like cps locus from a serotype 19F pneumococcal isolate indicates continued need of serology-based quality control for PCR-based serotype determinations","volume":"47","author":"Pimenta","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neufeld F. Ueber die Agglutination der Pneumokokken und uber die Theorien der Agglutination. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene Infektionskrankheiten 1902;34:pp. 54\u201372.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02140530"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Inverarity D., Diggle M., Edwards G., Mitchell T. An Evaluation of Media Suitable for the Transportation by Air of Streptococcus pneumoniae 2006.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2007.04.083"},{"issue":"September (9)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3175","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00906-08","article-title":"Use of silica desiccant packets for specimen storage and transport to evaluate pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage among Nepalese children","volume":"46","author":"Joshi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"November (11)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.11.3077-3079.1995","article-title":"Evaluation of sampling sites for detection of upper respiratory tract carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae among healthy Filipino infants","volume":"33","author":"Capeding","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"November (11)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4974","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.11.4974-4976.2004","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal versus oropharyngeal sampling for detection of pneumococcal carriage in adults","volume":"42","author":"Watt","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"May (5)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.5.1077-1079.1997","article-title":"Comparison of four different sampling methods for detecting pharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in children","volume":"35","author":"Rapola","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0120","first-page":"59","article-title":"Validation of nasopharyngeal sampling and culture techniques for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children in Kenya","volume":"27","author":"Abdullahi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"June (6)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00048-08","article-title":"Comparison of nasal swabs with nose blowing for community-based pneumococcal surveillance of healthy children","volume":"46","author":"Leach","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549309169669","article-title":"The role of antigen detection in pneumococcal carriers: a comparison between cultures and capsular antigen detection in upper respiratory tract secretions","volume":"25","author":"Boersma","year":"1993","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/132.1.55","article-title":"JMG. Spread of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Families. I. Carriage rates and distribution of types","volume":"132","author":"Hendley","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"May (4100)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1038\/161853a0","article-title":"Unsaturated fatty acids in cotton wool plugs","volume":"161","author":"Pollock","year":"1948","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700380316","article-title":"A substance in cotton-wool inhibitory to the growth of the pneumococcus","volume":"38","author":"Wright","year":"1934","journal-title":"J Pathol Bacteriol"},{"issue":"December (12)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-47-12-1131","article-title":"Effect of inhibitors in clinical specimens on Taq and Tth DNA polymerase-based PCR amplification of influenza A virus","volume":"47","author":"Poddar","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"April (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.32.4.1054-1057.1994","article-title":"Inhibition of PCR-based assay for Bordetella pertussis by using calcium alginate fiber and aluminum shaft components of a nasopharyngeal swab","volume":"32","author":"Wadowsky","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"August (8)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2963","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01617-09","article-title":"Comparison of flocked and rayon swabs for detection of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among pathology staff members","volume":"48","author":"De Silva","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"March (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.3.1021-1024.2001","article-title":"Evaluation of a medium (STGG) for transport and optimal recovery of Streptococcus pneumoniae from nasopharyngeal secretions collected during field studies","volume":"39","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"December (12)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5551","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.12.5551-5556.2003","article-title":"Quantitative Validation of Media for Transportation and Storage of Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"41","author":"Charalambous","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-002-0796-z","article-title":"Egg-Based Media for Delayed Processing of Nasopharyngeal Swabs in Colonization Studies of Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"21","author":"Gray","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.1986.tb01565.x","article-title":"Storage and survival of bacteria by ultra-freeze","volume":"3","author":"Gibson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lett Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"June (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2007.01.006","article-title":"Optochin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae induced by frozen storage in glycerol","volume":"58","author":"Robson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0190","first-page":"43","article-title":"Comparison of different culture media and storage temperatures for the long-term preservation of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the tropics","volume":"79","author":"Siberry","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2008.08.010","article-title":"An easy method for detection of nasopharyngeal carriage of multiple Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes","volume":"75","author":"Kaltoft","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"issue":"April (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0200","first-page":"582","article-title":"Serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in the nasopharynx of healthy Turkish children","volume":"125","author":"Aslan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"October (8)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1086\/424522","article-title":"An outbreak of conjunctivitis due to a novel unencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae among military trainees","volume":"39","author":"Crum","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2010.03.006","article-title":"Swab transport in Amies gel followed by frozen storage in skim milk tryptone glucose glycerol broth (STGGB) for studies of respiratory bacterial pathogens","volume":"81","author":"Hare","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"issue":"May (5)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00157-11","article-title":"Improved detection of nasopharyngeal cocolonization by multiple pneumococcal serotypes by use of latex agglutination or molecular serotyping by microarray","volume":"49","author":"Turner","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"May (Pt. 5)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.006726-0","article-title":"reveals a high rate of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine serotypes co-colonizing indigenous Warao children in Venezuela","volume":"58","author":"Rivera-Olivero","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2011.09.002","article-title":"The adaptive potential during nasopharyngeal colonisation of Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"11","author":"Leung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2011.601754","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Alloiococcus otitidis in young children in the era of pneumococcal immunization, Taiwan","volume":"43","author":"Janapatla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.12.086","article-title":"Impact of the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae Protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) on bacterial nasopharyngeal carriage","volume":"29","author":"Prymula","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"April (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2011.11.007","article-title":"Bacterial interactions in the nasopharynx \u2013 effects of host factors in children attending day-care centers","volume":"5","author":"Dahlblom","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"issue":"December (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.09.113","article-title":"Effect of vaccination with pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides conjugated to Haemophilus influenzae-derived protein D on nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and H. influenzae in children under 2 years of age","volume":"28","author":"Prymula","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-9-110","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus colonization in children in the post-PCV7 era","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"44","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.08.049","article-title":"Effect of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal carriage with Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in a randomized controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"van Gils","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"October (10)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4686","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.10.4686-4696.2004","article-title":"Accuracy of phenotypic and genotypic testing for identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae and description of Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae sp. nov","volume":"42","author":"Arbique","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2011.07.009","article-title":"Rapid identification of noncapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae in nasopharyngeal samples allowing detection of co-colonization and reevaluation of prevalence","volume":"71","author":"Simoes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"August (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702006000400015","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal colonization and penicillin resistance among pneumococcal strains: a worldwide 2004 update","volume":"10","author":"Cardozo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Vaccine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0264410X12012996?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0264410X12012996?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,13]],"date-time":"2020-07-13T16:14:35Z","timestamp":1594656875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0264410X12012996"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"48","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0264410X12012996"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.08.080","relation":{},"ISSN":["0264-410X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0264-410X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}}}