{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T12:24:28Z","timestamp":1794313468269,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,4]],"date-time":"2012-12-04T15:11:15Z","timestamp":1354633875000},"page":"D20-D26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":280,"special_numbering":"S4","title":["Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease: Experience in the United States and implications for a potential group B streptococcal vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Stephanie J.","family":"Schrag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer R.","family":"Verani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"June (26)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198606263142603","article-title":"Prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease with selective intrapartum chemoprophylaxis","volume":"314","author":"Boyer","year":"1986","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"April (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0010","first-page":"583","article-title":"Prevention of neonatal group B streptococcal disease: intrapartum detection and chemoprophylaxis of heavily colonized parturients","volume":"73","author":"Tuppurainen","year":"1989","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.1991.tb01797.x","article-title":"Group B streptococcus (GBS) and neonatal infections: the case for intrapartum chemoprophylaxis","volume":"31","author":"Garland","year":"1991","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.90.5.775","article-title":"Guidelines for prevention of group B streptococcal infection by chemoprophylaxis","volume":"90","author":"American Academy of Pediatrics","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0025","first-page":"2","article-title":"Group B streptococcal infections in pregnancy: ACOG's recommendations","volume":"37","author":"Hankins","year":"1993","journal-title":"ACOG Newslett"},{"issue":"March (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0030","first-page":"489","article-title":"Revised guidelines for prevention of early-onset group B streptococcal (GBS) infection. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases and Committee on Fetus and Newborn","volume":"99","author":"AAP","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"August (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0035","first-page":"197","article-title":"ACOG committee opinion. Prevention of early-onset group B streptococcal disease in newborns. Number 173\u2014June 1996. Committee on Obstetric Practice. American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists","volume":"54","author":"ACOG","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0040","unstructured":"CDC. Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease: a public health perspective. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Recommendations and reports: morbidity and mortality weekly report Recommendations and reports\/Centers for Disease Control 1996;45(RR-7)(May):1\u201324."},{"issue":"July (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020205","article-title":"A population-based comparison of strategies to prevent early-onset group B streptococcal disease in neonates","volume":"347","author":"Schrag","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"December (6)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0050","first-page":"1405","article-title":"ACOG Committee Opinion: number 279, December 2002. Prevention of early-onset group B streptococcal disease in newborns","volume":"100","author":"ACOG","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0055","unstructured":"Schrag S, Gorwitz R, Fultz-Butts K, Schuchat A. Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease. Revised guidelines from CDC. MMWR Recommendations and reports 2002;51(RR-11)(Aug):1\u201322."},{"issue":"RR-10","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0060","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease: revised guidelines from CDC, 2010","volume":"59","author":"Verani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727505","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/727505","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance patterns in invasive group B streptococcal isolates","volume":"2008","author":"Castor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"February (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0070","article-title":"Cefazolin pharmacokinetics in maternal plasma and amniotic fluid during pregnancy","volume":"200","author":"Allegaert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"March (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(99)00549-9","article-title":"Effects of hospital policies based on 1996 group B streptococcal disease consensus guidelines. The active bacterial core surveillance team","volume":"95","author":"Factor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"June (25)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2626","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806820","article-title":"Evaluation of universal antenatal screening for group B streptococcus","volume":"360","author":"Van Dyke","year":"2009","journal-title":"NEJM 2009"},{"issue":"January (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2008.115","article-title":"Continued early onset group B streptococcal infections in the era of intrapartum prophylaxis","volume":"29","author":"Pulver","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"May (5)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-2217","article-title":"Early onset neonatal sepsis: the burden of group B Streptococcal and E. coli disease continues","volume":"127","author":"Stoll","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0095","unstructured":"Verani JR, Spina NL, Lynfield R, Schaffner W, Harrison LH, Holst A, et al. Potential for further reduction of early-onset group B streptococcal disease in neonates. ID Week 2012. San Diego, CA, 2012: poster #1647."},{"issue":"December (12)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318180b3b9","article-title":"Revisiting the need for vaccine prevention of late-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease: a multistate, population-based analysis","volume":"27","author":"Jordan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"January (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.152.1.35","article-title":"Neonatal early-onset Escherichia coli disease. The effect of intrapartum ampicillin","volume":"152","author":"Joseph","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"October (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70307-8","article-title":"Antibiotic use in pregnancy and drug-resistant infant sepsis","volume":"181","author":"Mercer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"June (6) Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70017-7","article-title":"Neonatal sepsis and death caused by resistant Escherichia coli: possible consequences of extended maternal ampicillin administration","volume":"180","author":"Terrone","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"April (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00577-2","article-title":"Effects of intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis for prevention of group-B-streptococcal disease on the incidence and ecology of early-onset neonatal sepsis","volume":"3","author":"Moore","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"August (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-3083","article-title":"Risk factors for invasive, early-onset Escherichia coli infections in the era of widespread intrapartum antibiotic use","volume":"118","author":"Schrag","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"July (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012657","article-title":"Changes in pathogens causing early-onset sepsis in very-low-birth-weight infants","volume":"347","author":"Stoll","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"July (7)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000168749.82105.64","article-title":"Very low birth weight preterm infants with early onset neonatal sepsis: the predominance of gram-negative infections continues in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, 2002\u20132003","volume":"24","author":"Stoll","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"June (6)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.12.023","article-title":"Clinical sepsis in neonates and young infants, United States, 1988\u20132006","volume":"160","author":"Lukacs","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"May (6)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0145","first-page":"10","article-title":"The effectiveness of risk-based intrapartum chemoprophylaxis for the prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease","volume":"184","author":"Lin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fairlie T, Zell ER, Schrag SJ. Effectiveness of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of early-onset group B streptococcal disease. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2013, in press.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318280d4f6"},{"issue":"June (6)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199906000-00009","article-title":"Intrapartum antibiotics and early onset neonatal sepsis caused by group B Streptococcus and by other organisms in Australia Australasian Study Group for Neonatal Infections","volume":"18","author":"Isaacs","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"April (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0155","first-page":"7","article-title":"Trends in the epidemiology of neonatal sepsis of vertical transmission in the era of group B streptococcal prevention","volume":"94","author":"Lopez Sastre","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"February (9815)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61651-6","article-title":"Group B streptococcal disease in infants aged younger than 3 months: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"379","author":"Edmond","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"August (8)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31825c4b5a","article-title":"Risk factors for neonatal sepsis and perinatal death among infants enrolled in the prevention of perinatal sepsis trial, Soweto, South Africa","volume":"31","author":"Schrag","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.17.2056","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive group B streptococcal disease in the United States, 1999\u20132005","volume":"299","author":"Phares","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0175","first-page":"1078","article-title":"Influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women\u2014United States, 2010\u201311 influenza season","volume":"60","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2011","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"September (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00470-8","article-title":"The infectious origins of stillbirth","volume":"189","author":"Goldenberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"Augutst (2) Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31817f5cb9","article-title":"Recurrence of group B streptococci colonization in subsequent pregnancy","volume":"112","author":"Turrentine","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0190","unstructured":"Hillier S, Ferris D, Fine D, Ferrieri P, Edwards MSC, V., Ewell M, et al. Women Receiving Group B Streptococcus Serotype III Tetanus Toxoid (GBS III-TT) Vaccine Have Reduced Vaginal and Rectal Acquisition of GBS Type III. Infectious Diseases Society of America Annual Meeting. Philadelphia, PA, 2009."},{"issue":"June (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3283468996","article-title":"What is the best way to use conjugate vaccines?","volume":"24","author":"Seale","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"August (8)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2915","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00461-08","article-title":"Point mutation in the group B streptococcal pbp2x gene conferring decreased susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics","volume":"52","author":"Dahesh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"August (8)","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2890","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00185-08","article-title":"First molecular characterization of group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility","volume":"52","author":"Kimura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"}],"container-title":["Vaccine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0264410X12016970?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0264410X12016970?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T09:11:32Z","timestamp":1643793092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0264410X12016970"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0264410X12016970"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.056","relation":{},"ISSN":["0264-410X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0264-410X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}}}