{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T09:26:15Z","timestamp":1782033975248,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"48","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000277","name":"UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SV3500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SV3500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000277","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vaccine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,27]],"date-time":"2016-10-27T19:34:13Z","timestamp":1477596853000},"page":"5959-5967","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis elicits long-lasting immunity in humans"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Karen L.","family":"Mansfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hooman","family":"Goharriz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trudy","family":"Goddard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorraine M.","family":"McElhinney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin E.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony R.","family":"Fooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8096","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.17.8096-8104.2001","article-title":"Host switching in Lyssavirus history from the Chiroptera to the Carnivora orders","volume":"75","author":"Badrane","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.12.019","article-title":"Incidence and variables associated with inadequate antibody titers after pre-exposure rabies vaccination among veterinary medical students","volume":"32","author":"Banga","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-387040-7.00012-3","article-title":"Bats and Lyssaviruses","volume":"79","author":"Banyard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-1157(84)80019-0","article-title":"A new inactivated tissue culture rabies vaccine for use in man. Evaluation of PCEC-vaccine by laboratory tests","volume":"12","author":"Barth","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Biol Stand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(00)00342-X","article-title":"Purified chick embryo cell culture rabies vaccine: interchangeability with human diploid cell culture rabies vaccine and comparison of one versus two-dose post-exposure booster regimen for previously immunized persons","volume":"19","author":"Briggs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.03.037","article-title":"Rabies human diploid cell vaccine elicits cross-neutralising and cross-protecting immune responses against European and Australian bat lyssaviruses","volume":"23","author":"Brookes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2013.852531","article-title":"The immune system and aging: a review","volume":"30","author":"Castelo-Branco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(97)00212-3","article-title":"Development of a fluorescent antibody virus neutralisation test (FAVN test) for the quantitation of rabies-neutralising antibody","volume":"212","author":"Cliquet","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol Meth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.04.054","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism of humoral immunity with human vaccines","volume":"26","author":"Cook","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0050","unstructured":"Fahrion AS, Mikhailov A, Abela-Ridder B, Giacinti J, Harries J. Human rabies transmitted by dogs; current status of global data. World Health Organisation (WHO) Weekly Epidemiological Record No 2, 2016; 91: 13\u201320. Available from: <http:\/\/www.who.int\/wer>."},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31S","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.94.s1.4.x","article-title":"Risk factors associated with travel to rabies endemic countries","volume":"94","author":"Fooks","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.3.4.333","article-title":"The challenge of Emerging Lyssaviruses","volume":"3","author":"Fooks","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0065","series-title":"Vaccines for Biodefence and Emerging and Neglected Diseases. Barrett ADT","first-page":"609","author":"Fooks","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62707-5","article-title":"Current status of rabies and prospects for elimination","volume":"384","author":"Fooks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2005.03.009","article-title":"Efficacy of rabies biologics against new lyssaviruses from Eurasia","volume":"111","author":"Hanlon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3711","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.5.3711-3719.1998","article-title":"Collaboration of antibody and inflammation in clearance of rabies virus from the central nervous system","volume":"72","author":"Hooper","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000844","article-title":"NK cells as effectors of acquired immune responses: effector CD4+ T-cell dependent activation of NK cells following vaccination","author":"Horowitz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01153-10","article-title":"Quantifying antigenic relationships among the Lyssaviruses","volume":"84","author":"Horton","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.03.039","article-title":"The immune response to rabies virus infection and vaccination","author":"Johnson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0934-8840(89)80033-7","article-title":"Post exposure studies with human diploid cell rabies vaccine and purified chick embryo vaccine: comparative serological responses in man","volume":"271","author":"Madhusudana","year":"1989","journal-title":"Zbl Bakt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1301.060810","article-title":"Rabies encephalitis in a malaria-endemic area of Malawi, Africa","volume":"13","author":"Mallawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.10.105","article-title":"Experimental rabies vaccines for humans","volume":"9","author":"McGettigan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.3.5.4216","article-title":"Rabies antibody levels in bat handlers in the United Kingdom: immune response before and after purified chick embryo cell rabies booster vaccination","volume":"3","author":"Morris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Human Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(87)90102-2","article-title":"Pre-exposure studies with purified chick embryo cell culture rabies vaccine and human diploid cell vaccine: serological and clinical responses in man","volume":"5","author":"Nicholson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0125","unstructured":"Public Health England. Rabies \u2013 \u2018The Green Book\u2019, chapter 27. Updated November; 2012, (available at <https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/ attachment_data\/file\/85762\/Green-Book-Chapter-27-v3_0.pdf> [accessed 20th November 2015])."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.28064","article-title":"Assessing safety and immuniogenicity of post-exposure propylaxis following interchangeability of rabies vaccines in humans","volume":"10","author":"Ravish","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2839","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1069931","article-title":"Assessment of immune responses to H5N1 inactivated influenza vaccine among individuals previously primed with H5N2 live attenuated influenza vaccine","volume":"11","author":"Rudenko","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1086\/515267","article-title":"Antibody persistence following preexposure regimens of cell-culture rabies vaccines: 10-year follow-up and proposal for a new booster policy","volume":"177","author":"Strady","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2661","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(00)00054-2","article-title":"Predicitve factors for the neutralizing antibody response following pre-exposure rabies immunization: validation of a new booster dose strategy","volume":"18","author":"Strady","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2009.03.007","article-title":"Immunogenicity and booster efficacy of pre-exposure rabies vaccination","volume":"103","author":"Strady","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taylor LH, Hampson K, Fahrion A, Abela-Ridder B, Nel LH. Difficulties in estimating the human burden of canine rabies. Acta Trop 2015; pii: S0001\u2013706X(15)30184\u20134. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.12.007. [Epub ahead of print].","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.12.007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-40-3-595","article-title":"Immunoglobulin (IgG) and (IgM) antibody responses to rabies vaccine","volume":"40","author":"Turner","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(01)00044-3","article-title":"Sex hormones as immunomodulators in health and disease","volume":"1","author":"Verthelyi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2011.12.005","article-title":"Current rabies vaccines and prophylaxis schedules: preventing rabies before and after exposure","volume":"10","author":"Warrell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0175","unstructured":"World Health Organisation. International travel and health: rabies. World Health Organisation; 2016. Available from <http:\/\/www.who.int\/ith\/vaccines\/rabies\/en\/> [accessed 15th March 2016]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058_b0180","unstructured":"World Health Organisation. WHO Expert Consultation on Rabies. 2nd report. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser, No 982. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organisation; 2013. Available from: <http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/85346\/1\/9789240690943_eng.pdf>."}],"container-title":["Vaccine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0264410X16308933?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0264410X16308933?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]],"date-time":"2020-09-27T00:24:35Z","timestamp":1601166275000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0264410X16308933"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"48","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0264410X16308933"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058","relation":{},"ISSN":["0264-410X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0264-410X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis elicits long-lasting immunity in humans","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Vaccine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.058","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Crown Copyright \u00a9 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}