{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T03:53:30Z","timestamp":1790049210404,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31272583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31272583"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31472199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31472199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"China Agriculture Research System"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T11:25:32Z","timestamp":1569583532000},"page":"109953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluation of immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a CpG-adjuvanted DNA vaccine against Tembusu virus"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"218","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youxiang","family":"Diao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.2.640","article-title":"Protection against immunopathological consequences of a viral infection by activated but not resting cytotoxic T cells: T cell memory without \u201cmemory T cells\u201d?","volume":"94","author":"Bachmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2010.08.007","article-title":"The human immune response to Dengue virus is dominated by highly cross-reactive antibodies endowed with neutralizing and enhancing activity","volume":"8","author":"Beltramello","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1710.101890","article-title":"Tembusu virus in ducks, china","volume":"17","author":"Cao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.07.082","article-title":"The vaccine efficacy of recombinant duck enteritis virus expressing secreted E with or without PrM proteins of duck tembusu virus","volume":"32","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1998.9357","article-title":"DNA-based and alphavirus-vectored immunisation with prM and E proteins elicits long-lived and protective immunity against the flavivirus, Murray Valley encephalitis virus","volume":"250","author":"Colombage","year":"1998","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1637\/7154-010704R","article-title":"In vivo effects of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide on Eimeria infection in chickens","volume":"48","author":"Dalloul","year":"2004","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4040","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.9.4040-4047.2001","article-title":"West Nile virus recombinant DNA vaccine protects mouse and horse from virus challenge and expresses in vitro a noninfectious recombinant antigen that can be used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays","volume":"75","author":"Davis","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(94)90206-2","article-title":"Recombinant vaccinia viruses co-expressing dengue-1 glycoproteins prM and E induce neutralizing antibodies in mice","volume":"12","author":"Fonseca","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.2.857-863.2003","article-title":"Protection of chickens against Escherichia coli infections by DNA containing CpG motifs","volume":"71","author":"Gomis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0033-0124.1964.006_q.x","article-title":"Determination of population thresholds for settlement functions by the Reed-Muench method","volume":"16","author":"Haggett","year":"1964","journal-title":"Prof. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.6.3042","article-title":"Activation of cutaneous dendritic cells by CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides: a role for dendritic cells in the augmentation of Th1 responses by immunostimulatory DNA","volume":"161","author":"Jakob","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.1.212","article-title":"Plasmacytoid dendritic cell-derived IFN-alpha induces TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand\/Apo-2L-mediated antitumor activity by human monocytes following CpG oligodeoxynucleotide stimulation","volume":"171","author":"Kemp","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.11.002","article-title":"Dengue tetravalent DNA vaccine inducing neutralizing antibody and anamnestic responses to four serotypes in mice","volume":"24","author":"Konishi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.3.1672-1675.1993","article-title":"Proper maturation of the Japanese encephalitis virus envelope glycoprotein requires cosynthesis with the premembrane protein","volume":"67","author":"Konishi","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4925","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.6.4925-4930.1998","article-title":"Induction of protective immunity against Japanese encephalitis in mice by immunization with a plasmid encoding Japanese encephalitis virus premembrane and envelope genes","volume":"72","author":"Konishi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(99)00376-X","article-title":"A DNA vaccine expressing dengue type 2 virus premembrane and envelope genes induces neutralizing antibody and memory B cells in mice","volume":"18","author":"Konishi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1999.0142","article-title":"Japanese encephalitis DNA vaccine candidates expressing premembrane and envelope genes induce virus-specific memory B cells and long-lasting antibodies in swine","volume":"268","author":"Konishi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.09.072","article-title":"CpG oligodeoxynucleotides containing GACGTT motifs enhance the immune responses elicited by a goose parvovirus vaccine in ducks","volume":"28","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1637\/10960-101514-Reg","article-title":"Efficacy evaluation of an inactivated duck Tembusu virus vaccine","volume":"59","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.1086\/523650","article-title":"A West Nile virus DNA vaccine induces neutralizing antibody in healthy adults during a phase 1 clinical trial","volume":"196","author":"Martin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0105","first-page":"221","article-title":"Recombinant canarypoxvirus vaccine carrying the prM\/E genes of West Nile virus protects horses against a West Nile virus-mosquito challenge","author":"Minke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Virol. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.9.e45","article-title":"A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR","volume":"29","author":"Pfaffl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01718332","article-title":"Immunisation with DNA polynucleotides protects mice against lethal challenge with St. Louis encephalitis virus","volume":"141","author":"Phillpotts","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9563","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.71.12.9563-9569.1997","article-title":"Naked DNA vaccines expressing the prM and E genes of Russian spring summer encephalitis virus and Central European encephalitis virus protect mice from homologous and heterologous challenge","volume":"71","author":"Schmaljohn","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018106","article-title":"Duck egg-drop syndrome caused by BYD virus, a new Tembusu-related flavivirus","volume":"6","author":"Su","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12111","article-title":"Isolation and genetic characterization of a tembusu virus strain isolated from mosquitoes in Shandong, China","volume":"62","author":"Tang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2011.01275.x","article-title":"Analysis of the complete genome of Tembusu virus, a flavivirus isolated from ducks in China","volume":"59","author":"Tang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2012.01328.x","article-title":"Characterization of a Tembusu virus isolated from naturally infected house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in Northern China","volume":"60","author":"Tang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2011.06.003","article-title":"An infectious disease of ducks caused by a newly emerged Tembusu virus strain in mainland China","volume":"417","author":"Yan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.69.2.253","article-title":"CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides induce TNF-alpha and IL-6 production but not degranulation from murine bone marrow-derived mast cells","volume":"69","author":"Zhu","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165242719300121?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165242719300121?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T07:25:56Z","timestamp":1759044356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165242719300121"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S0165242719300121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-2427"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-2427","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a CpG-adjuvanted DNA vaccine against Tembusu virus","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetimm.2019.109953","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109953"}}