{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T09:15:25Z","timestamp":1774084525503,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bayer, Ceva, Elanco, Merial, MSD, Vetoquinol, Virbac and Zoetis"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,11]],"date-time":"2018-02-11T10:13:23Z","timestamp":1518344003000},"page":"159-167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Characterization of quinolone resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from companion animals in Europe (ComPath II study)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"216","author":[{"given":"Anno","family":"de Jong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana\u00eblle","family":"Muggeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farid","family":"El Garch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hilde","family":"Moyaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"de Champs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Guillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2014.05.005","article-title":"Analysis of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in clinical isolates of the tribe Proteeae from Argentina: first report of qnrD in the Americas","volume":"2","author":"Albornoz","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2017.05.024","article-title":"Prevalence of PMQR genes in E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolated from North-West of Morocco","volume":"10","author":"Benaicha","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku340","article-title":"Differential contribution of AcrAB and OqxAB efflux pumps to multidrug resistance and virulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"70","author":"Bialek-Davenet","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00997-08","article-title":"qnrD, a novel gene conferring transferable quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky and Bovismorbificans strains of human origin","volume":"53","author":"Cavaco","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0025","first-page":"1","article-title":"Description of plasmid characterization of qnrD in Proteeae in Wenzhou, Southern China","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Immun. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0030","series-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk and Dilution Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria Isolated from Animals; Approved Standard-Fourth Edition. VET01-A4","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00392","article-title":"Enterobacter aerogenes and Enterobacter cloacae; versatile bacterial pathogens confronting antibiotic treatment","volume":"6","author":"Davin-Regli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0040","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring of urinary tract and prostatic pathogens isolated from diseased dogs and cats in 12 European countries (ComPath II, 2013\u20132014) New Orleans, USA","author":"de Jong","year":"2017","journal-title":"ASM Microbe, Poster 337-AAID-79, June 1\u20135, 2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.01.030","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolates from healthy pigs and chickens (2008\u20132011)","volume":"171","author":"de Jong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.11.004","article-title":"Pan-European resistance monitoring programmes encompassing food-borne bacteria and target pathogens of food-producing and companion animals","volume":"41","author":"de Jong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks049","article-title":"Occurrence and characteristics of extended-spectrum-\u03b2-lactamase- and AmpC-producing clinical isolates derived from companion animals and horses","volume":"67","author":"Dierikx","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.04.012","article-title":"Fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from extraintestinal infections in dogs","volume":"146","author":"Gibson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01498-09","article-title":"Rapid detection of aac(6')-Ib-cr quinolone resistance gene by pyrosequencing","volume":"48","author":"Guillard","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2011.01.004","article-title":"Rapid detection of qnr and qepA plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes using real-time PCR","volume":"70","author":"Guillard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks292","article-title":"High-resolution melting analysis for rapid characterization of qnr alleles in clinical isolates and detection of two novel alleles, qnrB25 and qnrB42","volume":"67","author":"Guillard","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00081-11","article-title":"Description of a 2,683-bp plasmid containing qnrD in two Providencia rettgeri isolates","volume":"56","author":"Guillard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87801","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087801","article-title":"Mobile insertion cassette elements found in small non-transmissible plasmids in Proteeae may explain qnrD mobilization","volume":"9","author":"Guillard","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2014.01.006","article-title":"aac(6\u2019)-Ib-cr is the major plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant in extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Eastern France","volume":"2","author":"Guillard","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5838","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00669-15","article-title":"Discrimination between native and Tn6010-associated oqxAB in Klebsiella spp., Raoultella spp., and other Enterobacteriaceae by using a two-step strategy","volume":"59","author":"Guillard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.11.033","article-title":"Characterization of quinolone resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae recovered from diseased companion animals in Europe","volume":"194","author":"Guillard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm167","article-title":"Substrate specificity of the OqxAB multidrug resistance pump in Escherichia coli and selected enteric bacteria","volume":"60","author":"Hansen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.081539-0","article-title":"Phenotypic and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Proteus mirabilis isolates from dogs","volume":"63","author":"Harada","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.04.007","article-title":"Mequindox resistance and in vitro efficacy in animal-derived Escherichia coli strains","volume":"177","author":"He","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2011.00022","article-title":"Quinolone resistance: much more than predicted","volume":"2","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05519-11","article-title":"Emergence of Proteus mirabilis harboring blaKPC-2 and qnrD in a Chinese hospital","volume":"56","author":"Hu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4979","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05187-11","article-title":"Citrobacter spp. as a source of qnrB alleles","volume":"55","author":"Jacoby","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.PLAS-0006-2013","article-title":"Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance","volume":"2","author":"Jacoby","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.062216-0","article-title":"Trend of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes at the Children\u2019s Hospital in Tunisia","volume":"63","author":"Jlili","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2014.07.019","article-title":"Increase of multidrug efflux pump expression in fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella mutants induced by ciprofloxacin selective pressure","volume":"97","author":"Kang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01042-07","article-title":"Novel variant of the qnrB gene, qnrB12, in Citrobacter werkmanii","volume":"52","author":"Kehrenberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12209","article-title":"Lincosamide resistance is less frequent in Denmark in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from first-time canine superficial pyoderma compared with skin isolates from clinical samples of unknown clinical background","volume":"26","author":"Larsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2012.07.019","article-title":"Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone multidrug resistance Escherichia coli isolated from companion animals","volume":"161","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e73947","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073947","article-title":"Dissemination and characterization of plasmids carrying oqxAB-blaCTX-M genes in Escherichia coli isolates from food-producing animals","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.13287","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring of dermatological bacterial pathogens isolated from diseased dogs and cats across Europe (ComPath results)","volume":"121","author":"Ludwig","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00886-08","article-title":"High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals","volume":"53","author":"Ma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E46","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03728.x","article-title":"Description and plasmid characterization of qnrD determinants in Proteus mirabilis and Morganella morganii","volume":"18","author":"Mazzariol","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2016.0110","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring of bacterial pathogens from urinary tract infections in dogs and cats across Europe: ComPath results","volume":"23","author":"Moyaert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0190","first-page":"269","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring of dermatological pathogens isolated from diseased dogs and cats in 12 European countries (ComPath II, 2013\u20132014) Lausanne, Switzerland","author":"Moyaert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proceedings 29th Annual Congress European Society and College of Veterinary Dermatology (ECVD), 7\u20139 September"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0195","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring of respiratory tract pathogens isolated from diseased dogs and cats across Europe (ComPath II, 2013\u20132014) New Orleans, USA","author":"Moyaert","year":"2017","journal-title":"ASM Microbe, Poster 337-AAID-80, June 1\u20135, 2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks365","article-title":"Characterization of fluoroquinolone and cephalosporin resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae isolated in a Dutch teaching hospital reveals the presence of an Escherichia coli ST131 clone with a specific mutation in parE","volume":"68","author":"Paltansing","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199958002-00003","article-title":"Mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance: an update 1994\u20131998","volume":"58","author":"Piddock","year":"1999","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00024","article-title":"Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance; interactions between human, animal, and environmental ecologies","volume":"3","author":"Poirel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00896-08","article-title":"Detection of the pandemic O25-ST131 human virulent Escherichia coli CTX-M-15-producing clone harboring the qnrB2 and aac(6\u2019)-Ib-cr genes in a dog","volume":"53","author":"Pomba","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0220","first-page":"2147","article-title":"Characteristics of quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from humans, animals, and the environment in the Czech Republic","volume":"7","author":"R\u00f6derova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2017.08.003","article-title":"Complete sequences of qnrD-carrying plasmids in Proteus spp. collected from French animals","volume":"10","author":"Schultz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks514","article-title":"Chromosomal and plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms among broad-spectrum-cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates recovered from companion animals in the USA","volume":"68","author":"Shaheen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00016-09","article-title":"Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance: a multifaceted threat","volume":"22","author":"Strahilevitz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr084","article-title":"International collaborative study on the occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolated from animals, humans, food and the environment in 13 European countries","volume":"66","author":"Veldman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.01.040","article-title":"Prevalence and characterisation of quinolone resistance mechanisms in Salmonella spp","volume":"171","author":"Wasyl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.01.019","article-title":"The association between occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance and ciprofloxacin resistance in Escherichia coli isolates of different origins","volume":"170","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2012.0146","article-title":"Prevalence and plasmid characterization of the qnrD determinant in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from animals, retail meat products, and humans","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113517312208?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113517312208?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T16:03:10Z","timestamp":1570723390000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378113517312208"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0378113517312208"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-1135"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-1135","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Characterization of quinolone resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from companion animals in Europe (ComPath II study)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Microbiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}