{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:27:54Z","timestamp":1791980874304,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012752","name":"Elanco Animal Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012752","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,20]],"date-time":"2018-03-20T18:46:52Z","timestamp":1521571612000},"page":"154-160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Antigenic analysis of genetic variants of Canine distemper virus"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"219","author":[{"given":"Eman","family":"Anis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy L.","family":"Holford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina D.","family":"Galyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca P.","family":"Wilkes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01309369","article-title":"Measles virus and inactivated canine distemper virus induce incomplete immunity to canine distemper","volume":"82","author":"Appel","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879400600301","article-title":"Canine distemper epizootic in lions, tigers, and leopards in North America","volume":"6","author":"Appel","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.92.5.441","article-title":"Persistent antigenic variation of influenza a viruses after neutralization in ovo with heterologous immune serum","volume":"92","author":"Archetti","year":"1950","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12238","article-title":"Development and characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against canine distemper virus hemagglutinin protein","volume":"59","author":"Bi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2013.12.024","article-title":"Genotyping of canine distemper virus strains circulating in Brazil from 2008 to 2012","volume":"180","author":"Budaszewskia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0030","series-title":"Virology a Laboratory Manual","first-page":"125","author":"Burleson","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3519(99)80022-6","article-title":"Canine viral vaccines at a turning point-a personal perspective","volume":"41","author":"Carmichael","year":"1999","journal-title":"Adv. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02077-16","article-title":"Inactivated recombinant rabies viruses displaying canine distemper virus glycoproteins induce protective immunity against both pathogens","volume":"91","author":"da Fontoura Budaszewski","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1638\/1042-7260(2000)031[0441:CDITCA]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Canine distemper in terrestrial carnivores: a review","volume":"31","author":"Deem","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Zoo Wildl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.10.017","article-title":"Controversial results of the genetic analysis of a canine distemper vaccine strain","volume":"142","author":"Demeter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.10.020","article-title":"Lethal distemper in badgers (Meles meles) following epidemic in dogs and wolves","volume":"46","author":"Di Sabatino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-011-9486-6","article-title":"Identification of a new genotype of canine distemper virus circulating in America","volume":"35","author":"Gamiz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0065","first-page":"5","article-title":"Three-year duration of immunity in dogs following vaccination against canine adenovirus type-1, canine parvovirus, and canine distemper virus","volume":"6","author":"Gore","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.240.9.1084","article-title":"Comparison of two assays for detection of antibodies against canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus in dogs admitted to a Florida animal shelter","volume":"240","author":"Gray","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2827","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-72-11-2827","article-title":"Protective effects of monoclonal antibodies against lethal canine distemper virus infection in mice","volume":"72","author":"Hirayama","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00005-08","article-title":"Canine distemper virus strains circulating among North American dogs","volume":"15","author":"Kapil","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Vaccine Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/132.4.384","article-title":"Serologic response to canine distemper viral antigens in gnotobiotic dogs infected with canine distemper virus","volume":"132","author":"Krakowka","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0090","series-title":"Fenner\u2019s Veterinary Virology","first-page":"345","author":"MacLachlan","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.250.12.1413","article-title":"Prevalence of serum antibody titers against canine distemper virus and canine parvovirus in dogs hospitalized in an intensive care unit","volume":"250","author":"Mahon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.12.001","article-title":"Lights and shades on an historical vaccine canine distemper virus, the Rockborn strain","volume":"291","author":"Martella","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.10.019","article-title":"European surveillance of emerging pathogens associated with canine infectious respiratory disease","volume":"212","author":"Mitchell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2017.04.018","article-title":"Measles virus hemagglutinin epitopes immunogenic in natural infection and vaccination are targeted by broad or genotype-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies","volume":"236","author":"Munoz-Alia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.provac.2009.07.026","article-title":"Adjuvant formulation for veterinary vaccines: Montanide\u2122 gel safety profile","volume":"1","author":"Parker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Procedia Vaccinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-015-0445-7","article-title":"Sequencing of emerging canine distemper virus strain reveals new distinct genetic lineage in the United States associated with disease in wildlife and domestic canine populations","volume":"12","author":"Riley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01243067","article-title":"Canine distemper virus in tissue culture","volume":"8","author":"Rockborn","year":"1958","journal-title":"Arch. ges Virusforsch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7170","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03479-12","article-title":"Canine distemper virus associated with a lethal outbreak in monkeys can readily adapt to use human receptors","volume":"87","author":"Sakai","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8057","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00454-14","article-title":"Identi\ufb01cation of amino acid substitutions with compensational effects in the attachment protein of canine distemper virus","volume":"88","author":"Sattler","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870902100613","article-title":"Broadly reactive pan-paramyxovirus reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis for the detection of canine distemper virus in a case of canine meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology","volume":"21","author":"Schatzberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9943","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.18.9943-9950.2003","article-title":"Efficient isolation of wild strains of canine distemper virus in vero cells expressing canine SLAM (CD150) and their adaptability to marmoset B95a cells","volume":"77","author":"Seki","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1638\/1042-7260-48.4.1250","article-title":"Serologic response to canine distemper vaccination in captive Linnaeus\u2019s two-toed sloths (Choloepus didactylus) after a fatal canine distemper virus outbreak","volume":"48","author":"Sheldon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Zoo Wildl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/171.3.710","article-title":"Accurate serodiagnosis of B19 parvovirus infections by measurement of IgG avidity","volume":"171","author":"S\u00f6derlund","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2014.01.028","article-title":"Emergence of canine distemper virus strains with two amino acid substitutions in the haemagglutinin protein, detected from vaccinated carnivores in North-Eastern China in 2012\u20132013","volume":"200","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. J."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113518301470?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113518301470?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,22]],"date-time":"2018-08-22T23:59:23Z","timestamp":1534982363000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378113518301470"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S0378113518301470"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-1135"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-1135","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antigenic analysis of genetic variants of Canine distemper virus","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Microbiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}