{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:07:18Z","timestamp":1787508438163,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001655","name":"Grayson-Jockey Club Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Link Equine Research Endowment"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,6]],"date-time":"2019-04-06T10:33:55Z","timestamp":1554546835000},"page":"74-78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Identification of macrolide- and rifampicin-resistant Rhodococcus equi in environmental samples from equine breeding farms in central Kentucky during 2018"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"232","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Huber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Gigu\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.D.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.M.","family":"Slovis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Berghaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Greiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.A.","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw080","article-title":"Novel transferable erm(46) determinant responsible for emerging macrolide resistance in Rhodococcus equi","volume":"71","author":"Anastasi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02673-14","article-title":"Comparison of Etest, disk diffusion, and broth macrodilution for in vitro susceptibility testing of Rhodococcus equi","volume":"53","author":"Berghaus","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2008.10.008","article-title":"Generalized linear mixed models: a practical guide for ecology and evolution","volume":"24","author":"Bolker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1902.121210","article-title":"Macrolide- and Rifampicin-resistant Rhodococcus equi on a horse breeding farm, Kentucky, USA","volume":"19","author":"Burton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2018.09.009","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility and mechanisms of resistance of Greek Clostridium difficile clinical isolates","volume":"16","author":"Chatedaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0030","series-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk and Dilution Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria Isolated From Animals; Approved Standards. CLSI Document VET01-A4","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.74.1.102","article-title":"Association of perinatal exposure to airborne Rhodococcus equi with risk of pneumonia caused by R. equi in foals","volume":"74","author":"Cohen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00016-10","article-title":"Origins and evolution of antibiotic resistance","volume":"74","author":"Davies","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-4453(92)92746-6","article-title":"Rhodococcus equi infection in patients with AIDS","volume":"24","author":"Drancourt","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4767","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00798-16","article-title":"Detection of antibiotic resistance genes in source and drinking water samples from a first nations community in Canada","volume":"82","author":"Fernando","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3548","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.7.3548-3557.1999","article-title":"Role of the 85-kilobase plasmid and plasmid-encoded virulence-associated protein A in intracellular survival and virulence of Rhodococcus equi","volume":"67","author":"Giguere","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.237.1.74","article-title":"Determination of the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to macrolide antimicrobials or Rifampicin in Rhodococcus equi isolates and treatment outcome in foals infected with antimicrobial-resistant isolates of R. equi","volume":"237","author":"Giguere","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.00804.x","article-title":"Rhodococcus equi: clinical manifestations, virulence, and immunity","volume":"25","author":"Giguere","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0070","first-page":"5","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Rhodococcus equi","author":"Giguere","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.1.63","article-title":"Evaluation of fecal samples from mares as a source of Rhodococcus equi for their foals by use of quantitative bacteriologic culture and colony immunoblot analyses","volume":"68","author":"Grimm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0080","first-page":"e01714","article-title":"Emergence of resistance to macrolides and rifampicin in clinical isolates of Rhodococcus equi from foals in central Kentucky, USA: 1995 to 2017","volume":"63","author":"Huber","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14757","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33201-8","article-title":"Impact of an infectious diseases specialist-led antimicrobial stewardship programmes on antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance in a large Korean hospital","volume":"8","author":"Hwang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.72.1.73","article-title":"Effects of location for collection of air samples on a farm and time of day of sample collection on airborne concentrations of virulent Rhodococcus equi at two horse breeding farms","volume":"72","author":"Kuskie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3241","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.7.3241-3245.2003","article-title":"Rapid identification of Rhodococcus equi by a PCR assay targeting the choE gene","volume":"41","author":"Ladron","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S219","DOI":"10.1086\/432443","article-title":"Alliance for the Prudent Use of A. Global antimicrobial resistance alerts and implications","volume":"41","author":"Levy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3975","article-title":"Platforms for antibiotic discovery","volume":"12","author":"Lewis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S173455","article-title":"Characterization of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa carrying IMP variants recovered from a Mexican Hospital","volume":"11","author":"Lopez-Garcia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6152","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00495-06","article-title":"Associations between the ecology of virulent Rhodococcus equi and the epidemiology of R-equi pneumonia on Australian thoroughbred farms","volume":"72","author":"Muscatello","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.2746\/042516406776866480","article-title":"Comparison of concentrations of Rhodococcus equi and virulent R. equi in air of stables and paddocks on horse breeding farms in a temperate climate","volume":"38","author":"Muscatello","year":"2006","journal-title":"Equine Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12631","article-title":"The soil resistome: a critical review on antibiotic resistance origins, ecology and dissemination potential in telluric bacteria","volume":"17","author":"Nesme","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01173-18","article-title":"Alterations of Salmonella typhimurium antibiotic resistance under environmental pressure","author":"Peng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2006.03.026","article-title":"A global perspective on the use, sales, exposure pathways, occurrence, fate and effects of veterinary antibiotics (VAs) in the environment","volume":"65","author":"Sarmah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(97)00097-7","article-title":"Macroamphiphilic cell envelope components of Rhodococcus equi and closely related bacteria","volume":"56","author":"Sutcliffe","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0145","first-page":"5","article-title":"Prevalence of virulence plasmids in environmental isolates of Rhodococcus equi from horse-breeding farms in hokkaido","author":"Takai","year":"1994","journal-title":"Equine Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2006.08.016","article-title":"Evaluation of tulathromycin in the treatment of pulmonary abscesses in foals","volume":"174","author":"Venner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2011.07.004","article-title":"Failure of antimicrobial therapy to accelerate spontaneous healing of subclinical pulmonary abscesses on a farm with endemic infections caused by Rhodococcus equi","volume":"192","author":"Venner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20665","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02665-18","article-title":"Effect of macrolide- and Rifampicin-resistance on fitness of Rhodococcus equi","volume":"85","author":"Willingham-Lane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1086\/654883","article-title":"Emergence and dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in the community: lessons from the study of a remote and controlled population","volume":"202","author":"Woerther","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008_bib0170","series-title":"Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.108530","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000}}],"container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113519301877?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113519301877?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T23:01:17Z","timestamp":1759878077000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378113519301877"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S0378113519301877"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-1135"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-1135","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Identification of macrolide- and rifampicin-resistant Rhodococcus equi in environmental samples from equine breeding farms in central Kentucky during 2018","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Microbiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.04.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}