{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:51:57Z","timestamp":1790790717279,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":171,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010002","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-3017-F-020-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-3017-F-020-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,28]],"date-time":"2020-06-28T01:31:11Z","timestamp":1593307871000},"page":"108779","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Common bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases in pigeons (Columba livia): A review of diagnostic and treatment strategies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"247","author":[{"given":"Harvey M.","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Yi","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gail Everette M.","family":"Catulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim Chloe G.","family":"Trangia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lemmuel L.","family":"Tayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung-Jen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo Pin","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.100932","article-title":"Epidemiological investigation of selected pigeon viral infections in Poland","volume":"171","author":"A.Stenzel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450124811","article-title":"Pigeon circovirus infection: pathological observations and suggested pathogenesis","volume":"30","author":"Abadie","year":"2001","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.02.042","article-title":"A current review of avian influenza in pigeons and doves (Columbidae)","volume":"170","author":"Abolnik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(84)90033-4","article-title":"Antioxidant actions of thymol, carvacrol, 6-gingerol, zingerone and hydroxytyrosol","volume":"32","author":"Aeschbach","year":"1994","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0194457","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194457","article-title":"Avian viral surveillance in Victoria, Australia, and detection of two novel avian herpesviruses","volume":"13","author":"Amery-Gale","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013002096","article-title":"Trichomonads in birds \u2013 a review","volume":"141","author":"Amin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/728065","article-title":"Essential oils composition and antioxidant properties of three Thymus species","volume":"2012","author":"Amiri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Evid. Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879600800407","article-title":"Comparison of pharyngeal, fecal, and cloacal samples for the isolation of Chlamydia psittaci from experimentally infected cockatiels and turkeys","volume":"8","author":"Andersen","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0168205","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168205","article-title":"The impact of Deoxynivalenol on pigeon health: occurrence in feed, toxicokinetics and interaction with salmonellosis","volume":"11","author":"Antonissen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2020.104914","article-title":"Thymol efficacy against coccidiosis in pigeon (Columba livia domestica)","volume":"176","author":"Arafa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2002.01537.x","article-title":"Composition of enterococcal and streptococcal flora from pigeon intestines","volume":"92","author":"Baele","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0060","first-page":"93","article-title":"Occurrence of coccidia infection in pigeons in amateur husbandry. Diagnosis and prevention","volume":"60","author":"Balicka-Ramisz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1647\/217-265","article-title":"Compendium of measures to control Chlamydia psittaci infection among humans (Psittacosis) and pet birds (Avian Chlamydiosis), 2017","volume":"31","author":"Balsamo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Avian Med. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(02)00148-9","article-title":"Development of a RT-nested PCR test detecting pigeon Paramyxovirus-1 directly from organs of infected animals","volume":"106","author":"Barbezange","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(01)00514-4","article-title":"Development of a sandwich ELISA and comparison with PCR for the detection of F11 and F165 fimbriated Escherichia coli isolates from septicaemic disease in farm animals","volume":"85","author":"Bell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2019.104606","article-title":"Artesunate derivative TF27 inhibits replication and pathogenesis of an oncogenic avian alphaherpesvirus","volume":"171","author":"Bertzbach","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antiviral Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00079-18","article-title":"Genome variation and molecular epidemiology of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium pathovariants","volume":"86","author":"Branchu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2018.1482028","article-title":"Chlamydia psittaci and C. avium in feral pigeon (Columba livia domestica) droppings in two cities in the Netherlands","volume":"38","author":"Burt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Q."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s12223-020-00781-w","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility and detection of virulence-associated genes of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in Brazil","author":"Carvalho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Folia Microbiol. (Praha)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.5604\/12321966.1196856","article-title":"Detection of CHLAMYDIA PSITTACI in feral pigeons (COLUMBA LIVIA DOMESTICA) in Slovakia and their characterisation","volume":"23","author":"\u010cechov\u00e1","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Agric. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1039\/C1CS15168A","article-title":"Biomolecular interactions and tools for their recognition: focus on the quartz crystal microbalance and its diverse surface chemistries and applications","volume":"41","author":"Cheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0110","first-page":"446","article-title":"Medical management of walk-through aviaries","volume":"Vol. 9","author":"Clancy","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0115","series-title":"Parasitic Protozoa of Farm Animals and Pets","first-page":"313","article-title":"Trichomonas","author":"Coll\u00e1ntes-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01310577","article-title":"Evaluation of the molecular basis of pathogenicity of the variant Newcastle disease viruses termed? pigeon PMV-1 viruses?","volume":"134","author":"Collins","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1637\/11765-103117-Reg.1","article-title":"Streptococcosis in commercial and noncommercial avian species in California: 95 cases (2000\u20132017)","volume":"62","author":"Crispo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18805\/ijar.v0iOF.7656","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of cryoprotectant in the lyophilizationof pigeon paramyxovirus-1 vaccine","author":"Das","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J. Anim. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1990.tb03831.x","article-title":"Enterococcus columbae, a species from pigeon intestines","volume":"71","author":"Devriese","year":"1990","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1080\/03079459008418697","article-title":"Streptococcus bovis infections in Pigeons","volume":"19","author":"Devriese","year":"1990","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0185199","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185199","article-title":"Characterization of pathogenic Enterococcus cecorum from different poultry groups: broiler chickens, layers, turkeys, and waterfowl","volume":"12","author":"Dolka","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-019-2200-6","article-title":"Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility and virulence factors of Enterococcus species in racing pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica)","volume":"16","author":"Dolka","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.157.14.413","article-title":"New data on the transmission of pigeon circovirus","volume":"157","author":"Duchatel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1467-3","article-title":"The impact of Aloe vera and licorice extracts on selected mechanisms of humoral and cell-mediated immunity in pigeons experimentally infected with PPMV-1","volume":"14","author":"Dziewulska","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0194888","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194888","article-title":"Bacterial ghost of avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) serotype O78:K80 as a homologous vaccine against avian colibacillosis","volume":"13","author":"Ebrahimi-Nik","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008064118057","article-title":"Detection of new DNA polymerase genes of known and potentially novel herpesviruses by PCR with degenerate and deoxyinosine-substituted primers","volume":"18","author":"Ehlers","year":"1999","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S1094-9194(17)30078-6","article-title":"Respiratory medicine in pigeons","volume":"3","author":"Esposito","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Exot. Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1622805","article-title":"In-vitro-Untersuchungen zur Wirksamkeit von Antiinfektiva gegen Chlamydophila psittaci Vergleichende Testung von Chlortetracyclin, Doxycyclin, Enrofloxacin, Difloxacin, Clarithromycin und Erythromycin","volume":"37","author":"Failing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tierarztl. Prax. Ausgabe K Kleintiere - Heimtiere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9061-2016-0296","article-title":"Screening of feral pigeons (Columba livia) for pathogens of veterinary and medical importance","volume":"18","author":"Ferreira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Ci\u00eancia Av\u00edcola"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0190","series-title":"Diseases of Poultry","first-page":"321","article-title":"Adenovirus infections","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0195","series-title":"Fullerens, Graphenes and Nanotubes","first-page":"227","article-title":"Carbon dots as a new class of light emitters for biomedical diagnostics and therapeutic applications","author":"Fong","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2007.11.003","article-title":"Rapid detection of pigeon herpesvirus, fowl adenovirus and pigeon circovirus in young racing pigeons by multiplex PCR","volume":"148","author":"Freick","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.21608\/jvmr.2019.66098","article-title":"The occurrence and distribution pattern of Eimeria species among domestic pigeons in Minia","volume":"26","author":"Gadelhaq","year":"2019","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Vet. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-44.2.427","article-title":"Herpesviral inclusion body disease in owls and falcons is caused by the pigeon Herpesvirus (Columbid herpesvirus 1)","volume":"44","author":"Gailbreath","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0215","series-title":"Diseases of Poultry","first-page":"717","article-title":"Salmonella infections","author":"Gast","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.034025-0","article-title":"Prevalence of Chlamydia psittaci in the feral pigeon population of Basel, Switzerland","volume":"61","author":"Geigenfeind","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2015.245-250","article-title":"Pock forming ability of fowl pox virus isolated from layer chicken and its adaptation in chicken embryo fibroblast cell culture","volume":"8","author":"Gilhare","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. World"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12490","article-title":"Live and inactivated vaccine regimens against caecal Salmonella typhimurium colonisation in laying hens","volume":"94","author":"Groves","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00788","article-title":"Global emergence and dissemination of enterococci as nosocomial pathogens: attack of the clones?","volume":"7","author":"Guzman Prieto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2008.09.046","article-title":"Chlamydophila psittaci infections in birds: a review with emphasis on zoonotic consequences","volume":"135","author":"Harkinezhad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S1094-9194(17)30093-2","article-title":"Pigeon therapeutics","volume":"3","author":"Harlin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Exot. Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2009.07.001","article-title":"Bacterial and parasitic diseases of Columbiformes","volume":"12","author":"Harlin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Exot. Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.24425\/pjvs.2020.132753","article-title":"The role of high-grade Bentonite powder in coccidiosis and its effects on feed conversion ratio and blood parameters in broiler chicken","volume":"23","author":"Hayajneh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pol. J. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2018.01.010","article-title":"Avian vaccination","volume":"21","author":"Heatley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Exot. Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12510","DOI":"10.1111\/jfs.12510","article-title":"Pathogenic Escherichia coli biosensor detection on chicken food samples","volume":"38","author":"Helali","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Food Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0270","series-title":"Handbook of Avian Medicine","first-page":"350","article-title":"Pigeons","author":"Herdt","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0450.1993.tb00168.x","article-title":"Prevalence of antibodies to Streptococcus bovis serotype 1 in racing pigeons","volume":"40","author":"Herdt","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Ser. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450050045440","article-title":"Detection and differentiation of avian adenoviruses: a review","volume":"29","author":"Hess","year":"2000","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2150","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-5150-pvb-5633","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility and diarrheagenic diagnosis of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from feral pigeons (Columba livia) captured in Fortaleza","volume":"38","author":"Horn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brazil. Pesqui. Veterin\u00e1ria Bras."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2019.06.001","article-title":"The design and application of a bacterial ghost vaccine to evaluate immune response and defense against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli O2:K1 serotype","volume":"125","author":"Hoseini Shahidi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2017.1284305","article-title":"Pigeon circovirus infection in disqualified racing pigeons from Taiwan","volume":"46","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez003","article-title":"Evaluation of different live Salmonella enteritidis vaccine schedules administered during layer hen rearing to reduce excretion, organ colonization, and egg contamination","volume":"98","author":"Huberman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2016.2217","article-title":"Effect of vancomycin, tylosin, and chlortetracycline on vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium colonization of broiler chickens during grow-out","volume":"14","author":"Hume","year":"2017","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001364","article-title":"Experimental pigeon paramyxovirus-1 infection in chicken: evaluation of infectivity, clinical and pathological manifestations and diagnostic methods","volume":"101","author":"H\u00fcppi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2019.11.019","article-title":"The effect of capsulated and noncapsulated egg-yolk\u2013specific antibody to reduce colonization in the intestine of Salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar Infantis\u2013challenged broiler chickens","volume":"99","author":"Isfahani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3558","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.8.3558-3565.2004","article-title":"Use of a genus- and species-specific multiplex PCR for identification of enterococci","volume":"42","author":"Jackson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3799","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.3799","article-title":"Development and evaluation of rapid novel isothermal amplification assays for important veterinary pathogens: Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia pecorum","volume":"5","author":"Jelocnik","year":"2017","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3176","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez147","article-title":"Viable Eimeria oocysts in poultry house litter at the time of chick placement","volume":"98","author":"Jenkins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0335","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development of an in-house ELISA for detection of antibodies against Enterococcus cecorum in Pekin ducks","author":"Jung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1637\/10834-040114-Case.1","article-title":"Enterococcus cecorum infection in a racing pigeon","volume":"58","author":"Jung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-017-1021-7","article-title":"Colonization patterns of Enterococcus cecorum in two different broiler production cycles detected with a newly developed quantitative real-time PCR","volume":"17","author":"Jung","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn325","article-title":"Antimicrobial efficacy of chlorhexidine digluconate alone and in combination with eucalyptus oil, tea tree oil and thymol against planktonic and biofilm cultures of Staphylococcus epidermidis","volume":"62","author":"Karpanen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.21608\/bvmj.2016.31222","article-title":"Determination of the optimal protective dose of inactivated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine in pigeon","volume":"31","author":"Khedr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Benha Vet. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.03.015","article-title":"An inactivated oil-emulsion fowl Adenovirus serotype 4 vaccine provides broad cross-protection against various serotypes of fowl Adenovirus","volume":"32","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2014.08.023","article-title":"A microfluidic nano-biosensor for the detection of pathogenic Salmonella","volume":"67","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex275","article-title":"Comparison of the loads and antibiotic-resistance profiles of Enterococcus species from conventional and organic chicken carcasses in South Korea","volume":"97","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2019.10.047","article-title":"Molecular characterization of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli from broiler chickens with colibacillosis","volume":"99","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19512","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.655852","article-title":"A vaccine approach for the prevention of infections by multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium","volume":"290","author":"Kodali","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1647\/2007-049R.1","article-title":"Relevance and treatment of coccidiosis in domestic pigeons (Columba livia forma domestica) with particular emphasis on toltrazuril","volume":"23","author":"Krautwald-Junghanns","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Avian Med. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/13.7.921","article-title":"Tetracyclines inhibit activated B cell function","volume":"13","author":"Kuzin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638711428149","article-title":"Comparison of antemortem antimicrobial treatment regimens to antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of postmortem lung isolates from feedlot cattle with bronchopneumonia","volume":"24","author":"Lamm","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0400","article-title":"Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella spp. isolated from domestic pigeons Columba livia var. domestica in 2007-2017 in Poland","volume":"75","author":"Ledwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med. Weter."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0405","first-page":"229","article-title":"Immune responses to oral vaccination with Salmonella-delivered avian pathogenic Escherichia coli antigens and protective efficacy against colibacillosis","volume":"79","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2630","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex087","article-title":"Fowl adenovirus serotype 4: epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic detection, and vaccine strategies","volume":"96","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-018-9513-4","article-title":"A recombinant multi-epitope peptide vaccine based on MOMP and CPSIT_p6 protein protects against Chlamydia psittaci lung infection","volume":"103","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2262","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.000163","article-title":"Recurrent positive selection and heterogeneous codon usage bias events leading to coexistence of divergent pigeon circoviruses","volume":"96","author":"Liao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2018.2403","article-title":"Prevalence and genotyping of Chlamydia psittaci from domestic waterfowl, companion birds, and wild birds in Taiwan","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03253-13","article-title":"Novel real-time PCR assays using TaqMan minor groove binder probes for identification of fecal carriage of Streptococcus bovis\/Streptococcus equinus complex from rectal swab specimens","volume":"52","author":"Lopes","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5944","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cs60077g","article-title":"Electrical biosensors and the label free detection of protein disease biomarkers","volume":"42","author":"Luo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2008.09.045","article-title":"Chlamydial infections in feral pigeons in Europe: review of data and focus on public health implications","volume":"135","author":"Magnino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050070002","article-title":"Cloning and sequencing of columbid circovirus (CoCV), a new circovirus from pigeons","volume":"145","author":"Mankertz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0450","first-page":"84","article-title":"Inoculation of fowlpox viruses coexpressing avian influenza H5 and chicken IL-15 cytokine gene stimulates diverse host immune responses","author":"Mariatulqabtiah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Mol. Biol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2005.02.026","article-title":"Viral infections in pigeons","volume":"172","author":"Marlier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2017.05.004","article-title":"Detection and molecular status of Isospora sp. from the domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica)","volume":"66","author":"Matsubara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0226088","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226088","article-title":"Chlamydiaceae in wild, feral and domestic pigeons in Switzerland and insight into population dynamics by Chlamydia psittaci multilocus sequence typing","volume":"14","author":"Mattmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0470","first-page":"15","article-title":"Characterization of isolated pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PMV-1) and its pathogenicity in broiler chickens","volume":"8","author":"Mayahi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Res. forum an Int. Q. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1080\/03079459708419259","article-title":"Studies on reactivation and transmission of pigeon herpes virus (PHV) for raising PHV\u2010free pigeons (Columba livia dom.)","volume":"26","author":"Messana","year":"1997","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2018.11.029","article-title":"Diagnostic biosensors in medicine \u2013 a review","volume":"17","author":"Metkar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2012.00482.x","article-title":"An attenuated mutant of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli serovar O78: a possible live vaccine strain for prevention of avian colibacillosis","volume":"56","author":"Nagano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-013-0352-0","article-title":"Detection and differentiation of pigeon paramyxovirus serotype-1 (PPMV-1) isolates by RT-PCR and restriction enzyme analysis","volume":"45","author":"Naveen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-020-2271-4","article-title":"Detection of fowl adenovirus D strains in wild birds in Poland by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)","volume":"16","author":"Niczyporuk","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0500","series-title":"Diseases of Poultry","first-page":"751","article-title":"Colibacillosis","author":"Nolan","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.66.334","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus gallolyticus isolated from humans and animals","volume":"66","author":"Nomoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0510","first-page":"283","article-title":"Combating chlamydiosis","volume":"1","author":"O\u2019Shea","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioeng. Bugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000139","article-title":"Improving the molecular diagnosis of Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia abortus infection with a species-specific duplex real-time PCR","volume":"64","author":"Opota","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-019-06514-4","article-title":"Coccidia of Columbiformes: a taxonomic review of its Eimeriidae species and Eimeria columbinae n. sp. from Columbina talpacoti (Temminck, 1809) from Brazil","volume":"119","author":"Ort\u00fazar-Ferreira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.01.006","article-title":"Poultry as a vector for emerging multidrug resistant Enterococcus spp.: first report of vancomycin (van) and the chloramphenicol\u2013florfenicol (cat-fex-cfr) resistance genes from pigeon and duck faeces","volume":"128","author":"Osman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1647\/2003-034","article-title":"Doxycycline-medicated drinking water for treatment of Chlamydophila psittaci in exotic doves","volume":"19","author":"Padilla","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Avian Med. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14179","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014179","article-title":"Multi locus sequence typing of Chlamydia reveals an association between Chlamydia psittaci genotypes and host species","volume":"5","author":"Pannekoek","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2466","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-70.11.2466","article-title":"Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella recovered from processed poultry","volume":"70","author":"Parveen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Food Prot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00575-07","article-title":"Induction of the carrier state in pigeons infected with Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica Serovar Typhimurium PT99 by treatment with florfenicol: a matter of pharmacokinetics","volume":"52","author":"Pasmans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2014.01.008","article-title":"Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus spp. isolated from retail cheese, ready-to-eat salads, ham, and raw meat","volume":"41","author":"Pesavento","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2019.106674","article-title":"Diverse Trichomonas lineages in Australasian pigeons and doves support a columbid origin for the genus Trichomonas","volume":"143","author":"Peters","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Phylogenet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.7589\/2016-07-158","article-title":"Prevalence of columbid herpesvirus infection in feral pigeons from New South Wales and Victoria, Australia, with spillover into a wild powerful owl (Ninox struena)","volume":"53","author":"Phalen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2019.111784","article-title":"A microwave matrix sensor for multipoint label-free Escherichia coli detection","volume":"147","author":"Piekarz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15458","DOI":"10.3390\/s140815458","article-title":"Recent developments in optical detection technologies in lab-on-a-chip devices for biosensing applications","volume":"14","author":"Pires","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dkw481","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw481","article-title":"Public health risk of antimicrobial resistance transfer from companion animals","author":"Pomba","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1637\/7506-012006R.1","article-title":"Isolation and molecular biological investigations of avian poxviruses from chickens, a Turkey, and a pigeon in Croatia","volume":"50","author":"Prukner-Radov\u010di\u0107","year":"2006","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2017.55.3.333","article-title":"PCR identification and phylogenetic analysis of trichomonas gallinae from domestic pigeons in Guangzhou, China","volume":"55","author":"Qiu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Korean J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15078","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51501-5","article-title":"Multi-peptide ELISAs overcome cross-reactivity and inadequate sensitivity of conventional Chlamydia pneumoniae serology","volume":"9","author":"Rahman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3329\/bjvm.v2i2.2538","article-title":"In vitro antibiotic sensitivity and therapeutic efficacy of experimental salmonellosis, colibacillosis and pasteurellosis in broiler chickens","volume":"2","author":"Rahman","year":"1970","journal-title":"Bangladesh J. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0600","first-page":"3701","article-title":"Concomitant infection of coccidiosis and capillariasis in fancy pigeons (Columba livia) - a case report","volume":"7","author":"Ramesh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0605","first-page":"165","article-title":"Coccidia infections in homing pigeons of various age during the racing season","volume":"57","author":"Ra\u015b-Nory\u0144ska","year":"2011","journal-title":"Wiadomo\u015bci Parazytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-019-01814-4","article-title":"Immunoprotective role of LaSota vaccine under immunosuppressive conditions in chicken challenged with velogenic avian avulavirus-1","volume":"51","author":"Rauf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2019.10.038","article-title":"Protection against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella Kentucky exhibited in chickens given both probiotics and live Salmonella vaccine","volume":"99","author":"Redweik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0218325","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218325","article-title":"Aptamer-based fluorometric determination of Salmonella Typhimurium using Fe3O4 magnetic separation and CdTe quantum dots","volume":"14","author":"Ren","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz357","article-title":"Conjugation of different immunogenic enterococcal vaccine target antigens leads to extended strain coverage","volume":"220","author":"Romero-Saavedra","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2008.09.040","article-title":"Recent developments in the laboratory diagnosis of chlamydial infections","volume":"135","author":"Sachse","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-014-0132-5","article-title":"Immune responses associated with homologous protection conferred by commercial vaccines for control of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in turkeys","volume":"46","author":"Sadeyen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1111\/are.13989","article-title":"Effects of sodium alginate-fed Pacific white shrimps, Litopenaeus vannamei, on Toll-like receptors and Vibrio alginolyticus infection","volume":"50","author":"Santos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aquac. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108591","article-title":"Influence of pigeon interferon alpha (PiIFN-\u03b1) on pigeon circovirus (PiCV) replication and cytokine expression in Columba livia","volume":"242","author":"Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2019.1629391","article-title":"Pigeon circoviruses from feral pigeons in Australia demonstrate extensive recombination and genetic admixture with other circoviruses","author":"Sarker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1080\/03079458108418455","article-title":"Susceptibility of different strains of pigeon herpesvirus to trisodium phosphonoformate","volume":"10","author":"Schwers","year":"1981","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2656","DOI":"10.20546\/ijcmas.2018.704.303","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of melia azedarach extracts with amprolium against experimentally induced coccidiosis in broilers","volume":"7","author":"Shekhar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2015.08.002","article-title":"Development of a subunit vaccine containing recombinant chicken anemia virus VP1 and pigeon IFN-\u03b3","volume":"167","author":"Shen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1638\/2019-0121a","article-title":"Retrospective review of mortality in captive pink pigeons (Nesoenas mayeri) housed in European collections: 1977\u20132018","volume":"51","author":"Shopland","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Zoo Wildl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01728","article-title":"Review of antimicrobial resistance in the environment and its relevance to environmental regulators","volume":"7","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870101300604","article-title":"Detection of circovirus infection in pigeons by in situ hybridization using cloned DNA probes","volume":"13","author":"Smyth","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.34.1900074","article-title":"Linked seasonal outbreaks of Salmonella typhimurium among passerine birds, domestic cats and humans, Sweden, 2009 to 2016","volume":"24","author":"S\u00f6derlund","year":"2019","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.5455\/ajvs.5378","article-title":"Efficacy of prepared oil inactivated pigeon paramyxo vaccine","volume":"60","author":"Soliman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alexandria J. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.4322\/acr.2016.042","article-title":"Misdiagnosis of Streptococcus gallolyticus endocarditis","volume":"6","author":"Starosta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Autops. Case Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3009","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2014-04219","article-title":"The prevalence and genetic characterization of Chlamydia psittaci from domestic and feral pigeons in Poland and the correlation between infection rate and incidence of pigeon circovirus","volume":"93","author":"Stenzel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.3390\/v10110596","article-title":"Immunogenicity of pigeon circovirus recombinant capsid protein in pigeons","volume":"10","author":"Stenzel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0219175","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219175","article-title":"Comparison of the immune response to vaccination with pigeon circovirus recombinant capsid protein (PiCV rCP) in pigeons uninfected and subclinically infected with PiCV","volume":"14","author":"Stenzel","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0715","article-title":"Therapeutic management of cutaneous form of pox in pigeons with azithromycin","volume":"3","author":"Sudhakara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Int. J. Avian Wildl. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.3329\/jbau.v17i2.41971","article-title":"Isolation and molecular detection of Fowl pox and Pigeon pox viruses for the development of live attenuated vaccine seeds from the local isolates","volume":"17","author":"Sultana","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Bangladesh Agric. Univ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1002\/jeab.181","article-title":"Pigeons\u2019 demand and preference for specific and generalized conditioned reinforcers in a token economy","volume":"104","author":"Tan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Exp. Anal. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.04.029","article-title":"Live attenuated vaccines for invasive Salmonella infections","volume":"33","author":"Tennant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2003.10.010","article-title":"Avian circovirus diseases: lessons for the study of PMWS","volume":"98","author":"Todd","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14136","article-title":"Risk factors associated with Chlamydia psittaci infections in psittacine birds and bird handlers","volume":"126","author":"Tolba","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-013-1906-1","article-title":"Development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for rapid detection of pigeon circovirus","volume":"159","author":"Tsai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6930","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01828-12","article-title":"Full genome sequences of all nine Chlamydia psittaci genotype reference strains","volume":"194","author":"Van Lent","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0755","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-5-76","article-title":"Use of a nested PCR-enzyme immunoassay with an internal control to detect Chlamydophila psittaciin turkeys","volume":"5","author":"Van Loock","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7050118","article-title":"A bird\u2019s-Eye view of chronic unilateral conjunctivitis: remember about Chlamydia psittaci","volume":"7","author":"Vandendriessche","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-145-2-335","article-title":"Ultrastructure of surface components of Streptococcus gallolyticus (S. bovis) strains of differing virulence isolated from pigeons","volume":"145","author":"Vanrobaeys","year":"1999","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(00)00159-0","article-title":"Identification of virulence associated markers in the cell wall of pigeon Streptococcus gallolyticus strains","volume":"73","author":"Vanrobaeys","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0775","series-title":"Diseases of Poultry","first-page":"1055","article-title":"Avian chlamydiosis","author":"Vanrompay","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0780","first-page":"0","article-title":"Feral pigeons (Columba livia) as potential reservoirs of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli","volume":"85","author":"Vasconcelos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arq. Inst. Biol. (Sao. Paulo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1080\/03079459808419348","article-title":"Adenovirus infections in pigeons: a review","volume":"27","author":"Vereecken","year":"1998","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0790","first-page":"1","article-title":"Synergistic effect of a combination of nicarbazin and monensin against coccidiosis in the chicken caused by Eimeria spp","author":"Vereecken","year":"2020","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(82)90001-9","article-title":"Vaccination trials against pigeon herpesvirus infection (Pigeon herpesvirus 1)","volume":"92","author":"Vindevogel","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Comp. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.19.224","article-title":"The macrolide antibiotic, roxithromycin suppresses IFN-.GAMMA.-mediated immunological functions of cultured normal human keratinocytes","volume":"19","author":"Wakita","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2019.12.048","article-title":"Research Note: repetitive element\u2013based polymerase chain reaction genotyping improves efficiency of Salmonella surveillance in a model broiler production system","volume":"99","author":"Walker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.18-0024","article-title":"Detection of novel adenovirus in sick pigeons","volume":"80","author":"Wan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0815","first-page":"140","article-title":"Characterization of avipoxviruses from wild birds in Norway","volume":"68","author":"Weli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879300500417","article-title":"Circovirus-like infection in a pigeon","volume":"5","author":"Woods","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0521463","article-title":"The immunizing effect of commercial pigeon pox vaccines on pigeons","volume":"52","author":"Woodward","year":"1973","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1111\/lam.12317","article-title":"Detection of CoHV-1 by loop-mediated amplification (LAMP). Application of LAMP for CoHV-1 incidence monitoring in domestic pigeons","volume":"59","author":"Wo\u017aniakowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2738","DOI":"10.3390\/s20092738","article-title":"A Rapid and Sensitive Salmonella Biosensor Based on Viscoelastic Inertial Microfluidics","volume":"20","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sensors Basel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.02.059","article-title":"Comparison of Chlamydia outer membrane complex to recombinant outer membrane proteins as vaccine","volume":"38","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-014-2247-4","article-title":"Characterization of the first columbid herpesvirus 1 isolate from a hybrid meat-type pigeon flock in China","volume":"160","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2015.09.017","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a herpesvirus from feral pigeons in China","volume":"206","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779_bib0855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.06.031","article-title":"Construction and immunogenicity of recombinant adenovirus expressing the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) of Chlamydophila psittaci in chicks","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113520303631?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113520303631?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T16:48:54Z","timestamp":1778690934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378113520303631"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"references-count":171,"alternative-id":["S0378113520303631"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-1135"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-1135","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Common bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases in pigeons (Columba livia): A review of diagnostic and treatment strategies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Microbiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108779","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108779"}}