{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T02:14:53Z","timestamp":1782440093660,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008370","name":"National Pork Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21-126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008370","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022-67015-37264"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-67015-37264"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1020750"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1020750"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T13:20:06Z","timestamp":1744118406000},"page":"110508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated DNA vaccine encoding African swine fever virus p54 antigen elicits robust immune responses in pigs"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"305","author":[{"given":"Danh C.","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"The N.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Korakrit","family":"Poonsuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. Scott","family":"McVey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiep L.X.","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01293","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01293-18","article-title":"A proteomic atlas of the African swine fever virus particle","volume":"92","author":"Alejo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.05.084","article-title":"Enhancing DNA immunization by targeting ASFV antigens to SLA-II bearing cells","volume":"29","author":"Argilaguet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.02.005","article-title":"BacMam immunization partially protects pigs against sublethal challenge with African swine fever virus","volume":"98","author":"Argilaguet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040942","article-title":"DNA vaccination partially protects against African swine fever virus lethal challenge in the absence of antibodies","volume":"7","author":"Argilaguet","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.05.051","article-title":"Modern adjuvants do not enhance the efficacy of an inactivated African swine fever virus vaccine preparation","volume":"32","author":"Blome","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02017","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02017-19","article-title":"Development of a highly effective African swine fever virus vaccine by deletion of the I177L gene results in sterile immunity against the current epidemic Eurasia strain","volume":"94","author":"Borca","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9030171","article-title":"Adenovirus-vectored African swine fever virus antigens cocktail is not protective against virulent Arm07 isolate in Eurasian wild boar","volume":"9","author":"Cadenas-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-020-1657-9","article-title":"A seven-gene-deleted African swine fever virus is safe and effective as a live attenuated vaccine in pigs","volume":"63","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. China Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2012.10.020","article-title":"African swine fever virus replication and genomics","volume":"173","author":"Dixon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib10","article-title":"Subunit Vaccine Approaches for African Swine Fever Virus","volume":"7","author":"Gaudreault","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccin. (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines8020234","article-title":"A pool of eight virally vectored African swine fever antigens protect pigs against fatal disease","volume":"8","author":"Goatley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1998.9068","article-title":"The African swine fever virus proteins p54 and p30 are involved in two distinct steps of virus attachment and both contribute to the antibody-mediated protective immune response","volume":"243","author":"Gomez-Puertas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-014-0093-8","article-title":"Dynamics of African swine fever virus shedding and excretion in domestic pigs infected by intramuscular inoculation and contact transmission","volume":"45","author":"Guinat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-021-00358-0","article-title":"Lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery","volume":"6","author":"Hou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.2478\/acve-2020-0007","article-title":"Immunization of pigs with recombinant plasmids containing genes of ubiquitinated p30, p54 and CD2v proteins of African swine fever virus","volume":"70","author":"Imatdinov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1515\/jvetres-2017-0017","article-title":"Roles of African swine fever virus structural proteins in viral infection","volume":"61","author":"Jia","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13322","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01893-14","article-title":"Expression library immunization can confer protection against lethal challenge with African swine fever virus","volume":"88","author":"Lacasta","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s40813-021-00215-0","article-title":"Pathogenicity of an African swine fever virus strain isolated in Vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection","volume":"7","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Porc. Health Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2404156","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2024.2404156","article-title":"Molecular characterization of emerging recombinant African swine fever virus of genotype I and II in Vietnam, 2023","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.06.006","article-title":"Adenovirus-vectored African Swine Fever Virus antigen cocktails are immunogenic but not protective against intranasal challenge with Georgia 2007\/1 isolate","volume":"235","author":"Lokhandwala","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2017.01.004","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of mammalian cell derived and Modified Vaccinia Ankara vectored African swine fever subunit antigens in swine","volume":"185","author":"Lopera-Madrid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib22","article-title":"Comparative Analysis of Swine Antibody Responses following Vaccination with Live-Attenuated and Killed African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines","volume":"11","author":"Luong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vaccin. (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01058","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01058-17","article-title":"BA71\u0394CD2: a new recombinant live attenuated African swine fever virus with cross-protective capabilities","volume":"91","author":"Monteagudo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-018-4071-8","article-title":"Evaluation of an African swine fever (ASF) vaccine strategy incorporating priming with an alphavirus-expressed antigen followed by boosting with attenuated ASF virus","volume":"164","author":"Murgia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2003.11.011","article-title":"Neutralizing antibodies to African swine fever virus proteins p30, p54, and p72 are not sufficient for antibody-mediated protection","volume":"319","author":"Neilan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01318","article-title":"Identification and immunogenicity of African swine fever virus antigens","volume":"10","author":"Netherton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11101596","article-title":"A Single-Dose Intramuscular Immunization of Pigs with Lipid Nanoparticle DNA Vaccines Based on the Hemagglutinin Antigen Confers Complete Protection against Challenge Infection with the Homologous Influenza Virus Strain","volume":"11","author":"Nguyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00283-24","article-title":"Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated DNA vaccine confers protection against swine and human-origin H1N1 influenza viruses","volume":"9","author":"Nguyen","year":"2024","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12101114","article-title":"Genotype II Live-Attenuated ASFV Vaccine Strains Unable to Completely Protect Pigs against the Emerging Recombinant ASFV Genotype I\/II Strain in Vietnam","volume":"12","author":"Nguyen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6048","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00554-15","article-title":"African swine fever virus Georgia isolate harboring deletions of MGF360 and MGF505 genes is attenuated in swine and confers protection against challenge with virulent parental virus","volume":"89","author":"O'Donnell","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2018.11.018","article-title":"Evaluation of a viral DNA-protein immunization strategy against African swine fever in domestic pigs","volume":"208","author":"P\u00e9rez-N\u00fa\u00f1ez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2475","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.5.2475-2485.1993","article-title":"Sequence and characterization of the major early phosphoprotein p32 of African swine fever virus","volume":"67","author":"Prados","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12111095","article-title":"Manufacturing Considerations for the Development of Lipid Nanoparticles Using Microfluidics","volume":"12","author":"Roces","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4299","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.8.4299-4313.2004","article-title":"African swine fever virus structural protein p54 is essential for the recruitment of envelope precursors to assembly sites","volume":"78","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.108451","article-title":"Design and characterization of a consensus hemagglutinin vaccine immunogen against H3 influenza A viruses of swine","volume":"239","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines7010012","article-title":"DNA-protein vaccination strategy does not protect from challenge with African swine fever virus Armenia 2007 strain","volume":"7","author":"Sunwoo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/MRA.00193-21","article-title":"Genome Sequence of a Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Isolated in 2020 from a Domestic Pig in Northern Vietnam","volume":"10","author":"Truong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbiol Resour. Announc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib38","first-page":"15","article-title":"A Cell-Adapted Live-Attenuated Vaccine Candidate Protects Pigs against the Homologous Strain VNUA-ASFV-05L1, a Representative Strain of the Contemporary Pandemic African Swine Fever Virus","author":"Truong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib39","unstructured":"WOAH, ASF evolution since 2005. Available online at: \u3008https:\/\/www.woah.org\/en\/disease\/african-swine-fever\/#ui-id-2\u3009. Accessed on May 28, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1208275","article-title":"Immunization of pigs with replication-incompetent adenovirus-vectored African swine fever virus multi-antigens induced humoral immune responses but no protection following contact challenge","volume":"10","author":"Zajac","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-023-02070-7","article-title":"Evaluation of humoral and cellular immune responses induced by a cocktail of recombinant African swine fever virus antigens fused with OprI in domestic pigs","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3096","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38868-w","article-title":"Highly lethal genotype I and II recombinant African swine fever viruses detected in pigs","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12989","article-title":"Emergence of African Swine Fever in China, 2018","volume":"65","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113525001439?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113525001439?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T09:23:54Z","timestamp":1778750634000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378113525001439"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S0378113525001439"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-1135"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-1135","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated DNA vaccine encoding African swine fever virus p54 antigen elicits robust immune responses in pigs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Microbiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110508","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110508"}}