{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:49:07Z","timestamp":1792068547538,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012246","name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T23:04:47Z","timestamp":1784934287000},"page":"111144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluation of the efficacy of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli bivalent live vaccine (serogroups O 1 &2) against Escherichia coli infection in broilers"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"321","author":[{"given":"Jiayan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luyao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoxiu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingqing","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changchao","family":"Huan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4814-2353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Song","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9070319","article-title":"Isolation, molecular characterization, and antibiotic resistance of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in eastern China","volume":"9","author":"Afayibo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey581","article-title":"Evaluation of carbon dioxide induction methods for the euthanasia of day-old cull broiler chicks","volume":"98","author":"Baker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2019.1697428","article-title":"Reference parameters of peripheral immune cell populations in broiler chickens using a large database","volume":"61","author":"Beir\u00e3o","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2021.101612","article-title":"Effects of aroA deleted E.coli vaccine on intestinal microbiota and mucosal immunity","volume":"75","author":"Beir\u00e3o","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.3109\/10409239009090615","article-title":"The shikimate pathway \u2014 a metabolic tree with many branche","volume":"25","author":"Bentley","year":"1990","journal-title":"S. Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-010-9568-4","article-title":"Response of Ross 308 and Hubbard broiler chickens to feed removal for different durations during the day","volume":"42","author":"Benyi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/83.12.1973","article-title":"A plasmid DNA encoding chicken interleukin-6 and Escherichia coli K88 fimbrial protein FaeG stimulates the production of anti-K88 fimbrial antibodies in chickens","volume":"83","author":"Cho","year":"2004","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26622","article-title":"Protective effect of in ovo treatment with the chicken cathelicidin analog D-CATH-2 against avian pathogenic E. coli","volume":"6","author":"Cuperus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib9","series-title":"Committee for medicinal products for veterinary use assessment report for 545 Poulvac E. coli","first-page":"5","author":"CVMP","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2019.1614147","article-title":"Rapid growth predisposes broilers to necrotic enteritis","volume":"48","author":"Dierick","year":"2019","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib11","first-page":"22","article-title":"Effects of stocking density on broiler performance and health status","volume":"22","author":"Esmaeili-Fard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prof. J. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1637\/10456-112612-ResNote.1","article-title":"Effect of spray Escherichia coli vaccine on the immunity of poultry","volume":"57","author":"Fernandes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2022.05.043","article-title":"Characterization of vaccine-induced immune responses against coccidiosis in broiler chickens","volume":"40","author":"Gaghan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2018.04.004","article-title":"Recent approaches for control of E. coli and respiratory complex in Middle East","volume":"25","author":"Galal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib15","first-page":"76","article-title":"The isolation and identification of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates of chicken origin from some regions in China","volume":"69","author":"Gao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Zootech. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr565","article-title":"Escherichia coli of human and avian origin: detection of clonal groups associated with fluoroquinolone and multidrug resistance in Italy","volume":"67","author":"Giufr\u00e8","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01512-23","article-title":"The H9N2 avian influenza virus increases APEC adhesion to oviduct epithelia by viral NS1 protein-mediated activation of the TGF-\u03b2 pathway","volume":"98","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib18","first-page":"89","article-title":"Evaluation of the living Escherichia coli-O78 deleted aroA vaccine against homologous and heterologous E. coli challenge in broiler chickens","volume":"6","author":"Hassan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Adv. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-105","article-title":"SDM-Assist software to design site-directed mutagenesis primers introducing \"silent\" restriction sites","volume":"14","author":"Karnik","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Bioinforma."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10040467","article-title":"Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC): An overview of virulence and pathogenesis factors, zoonotic potential, and control strategies","volume":"10","author":"Kathayat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1637\/10326-081512-Reg.1","article-title":"Efficacy of a live attenuated Escherichia coli O78:K80 vaccine in chickens and turkeys","volume":"57","author":"La Ragione","year":"2013","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2024.102344","article-title":"CRISPR-Cas9-mediated homology-directed repair for precise gene editing","volume":"35","author":"Liao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.11.011","article-title":"Unexpected transcriptome pompT' contributes to the increased pathogenicity of a pompT mutant of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli","volume":"228","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2014.917760","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of an aroA-deleted live vaccine against avian colibacillosis in a multicentre field trial in Morocco","volume":"43","author":"Mombarg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/77.6.908","article-title":"Serum levels of interleukin-6, alpha1-acid glycoprotein, and corticosterone in two-week-old chickens inoculated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide","volume":"77","author":"Nakamura","year":"1998","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep20531","article-title":"Activated mast cells promote differentiation of B cells into effector cells","volume":"6","author":"Palm","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1637\/0005-2086(2002)046[0287:SIAEOT]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of two Escherichia coli cya crp mutants as vaccines for broilers","volume":"46","author":"Peighambari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-020-00849-y","article-title":"The immunomodulatory effect of cathelicidin-B1 on chicken macrophages","volume":"51","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003834","article-title":"The serum resistome of a globally disseminated multidrug resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli clone","volume":"9","author":"Phan","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5103","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01248-15","article-title":"Coupling the CRISPR\/Cas9 system with lambda Red recombineering enables simplified chromosomal gene replacement in Escherichia coli.","volume":"81","author":"Pyne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2006.01.011","article-title":"Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses to a virulent plasmid-cured mutant strain of Salmonella enterica serotype gallinarum in broiler chickens","volume":"115","author":"Rana","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib32","first-page":"151","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli from poultry: a systematic review","volume":"42","author":"Stampfli","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.5.1544","article-title":"Severe deficiency of switched memory B cells (CD27(+)IgM(-)IgD(-)) in subgroups of patients with common variable immunodeficiency: a new approach to classify a heterogeneous disease","volume":"99","author":"Warnatz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib34","series-title":"Global priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to guide research, discovery, and development of new antibiotics","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib35","first-page":"2824","article-title":"Preparation and preliminary application of monoclonal antibodies against chicken Toll-like receptor 21","volume":"62","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Microbiol. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-016-0605-5","article-title":"Development of a fast and easy method for Escherichia coli genome editing with CRISPR\/Cas9","volume":"15","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microb. Cell. Fact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.15580\/GJAS.2023.1.090621084","article-title":"Response of ROSS 308 broiler chickens (Gallus domesticus) to dietary supplementation with inorganic copper","volume":"13","author":"Zoraunye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Greener J. Agric. Sci."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113526002816?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378113526002816?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:02:22Z","timestamp":1792065742000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378113526002816"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S0378113526002816"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-1135"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-1135","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of the efficacy of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli bivalent live vaccine (serogroups O 1 &2) against Escherichia coli infection in broilers","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Microbiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2026.111144","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111144"}}