{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T22:39:09Z","timestamp":1787611149296,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001655","name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]],"date-time":"2020-06-26T13:58:24Z","timestamp":1593179904000},"page":"109177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids and their synthetic analogs as potent novel inhibitors against Babesia canis in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"283","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3583-5935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerhard","family":"Bringmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaimaa","family":"Fayez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Shamburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doris","family":"Feineis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanislaw","family":"Winiarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radoslaw","family":"Janecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0261-2695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Adaszek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.09.049","article-title":"Evaluation of the in vitro growth-inhibitory effect of epoxomicin on Babesia parasites","volume":"167","author":"AbouLaila","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.12.024","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Babesia canis isolates from naturally infected dogs in Poland","volume":"152","author":"Adaszek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-2181-7","article-title":"In vitro cultivation of Babesia canis canis parasites isolated from dogs in Poland","volume":"108","author":"Adaszek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0020","first-page":"81","article-title":"The clinical course of babesiosis in 76 dogs infected with protozoa parasites Babesia canis canis","volume":"12","author":"Adaszek","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pol. J. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.7b00142","article-title":"Flavonoid and galloyl glycosides isolated from Saxifraga spinulosa and their antioxidative and inhibitory activities against species that cause piroplasmosis","volume":"80","author":"Badral","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2018.03.001","article-title":"Antiprotozoal treatment of canine babesiosis","volume":"254","author":"Baneth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytol.2018.11.009","article-title":"Chemical constituents of Bergenia crassifolia roots and their growth inhibitory activity against Babesia bovis and B. Bigemina","volume":"29","author":"Banzragchgarav","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytochemistry Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.68.334","article-title":"Growth inhibitory effect of triclosan and equine and bovine Babesia parasites","volume":"68","author":"Bork","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4039(00)94588-X","article-title":"On the structure of the Dioncophyllaceae alkaloids dioncophylline A (\u201ctriphyophylline\u201d) and\u201c O-methyl-triphyophylline\u201d","volume":"31","author":"Bringmann","year":"1990","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)95222-1","article-title":"Atrop-diastereomer separation by racemate resolution techniques: N-methyldioncophylline A and its 7-epimer from Ancistrocladus abbreviatus","volume":"30","author":"Bringmann","year":"1991","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)97576-9","article-title":"Dioncophylline C from the roots of Triphyophyllum peltatum, the first 5,1\u2019-coupled Dioncophyllaceae alkaloid","volume":"31","author":"Bringmann","year":"1992","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)90491-6","article-title":"5\u2019-O-Demethyl-8-O-methyl-7-epi-dioncophylline A and its \u2018regularly\u2019 configured atropisomer from Triphyophyllum peltatum","volume":"36","author":"Bringmann","year":"1994","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1021\/np960707s","article-title":"Dioncophylline A as a growth-retarding agent against the herbivorous insect Spodoptera littoralis: structure-activity relationships","volume":"60","author":"Bringmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.2533\/chimia.1998.18","article-title":"The alkaloids of Triphyophyllum peltatum (Dioncophyllaceae)","volume":"52","author":"Bringmann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chimia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9348","DOI":"10.1021\/jo061626w","article-title":"Ancistrocladinium A and B, the first N,C-coupled naphthyldihydroisoquinoline alkaloids, from a Congolese Ancistrocladus species","volume":"71","author":"Bringmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201202755","article-title":"Jozimine A2: the first dimeric Dioncophyllaceae-type naphthylisoquinoline alkaloid, with three chiral axes and high antiplasmodial activity","volume":"19","author":"Bringmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2012.02.017","article-title":"Highly selective antiplasmodial naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids from Ancistrocladus tectorius","volume":"91","author":"Bringmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.149.18.552","article-title":"Infection of dogs in north-west Spain with a Babesia microti-like agent","volume":"149","author":"Camacho","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2005.08.020","article-title":"Anti-babesial ellagic acid rhamnosides from the bark of Elaeocarpus parvifolius","volume":"66","author":"Elkhateeb","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0100","first-page":"765","article-title":"Anti-babesial compounds from Rosa damascena Mill","volume":"7","author":"Elkhateeb","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0105","first-page":"173","article-title":"Anti-babesial compounds from Berberis vulgaris","volume":"2","author":"Elkhateeb","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0110","first-page":"145","article-title":"Anti-babesial quassinoids from the fruits of Brucea javanica","volume":"3","author":"Elkhateeb","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2018.11.006","article-title":"Ancistrobrevines E-J and related naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids from the West African liana Ancistrocladus abbreviatus with inhibitory activities against Plasmodium falciparum and PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells","volume":"131","author":"Fayez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3033","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.9b00589","article-title":"A near-complete series of four atropisomeric jozimine-A2-type naphthylisoquinoline dimers with antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities and related alkaloids from Ancistrocladus abbreviatus","volume":"82","author":"Fayez","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1996.11813035","article-title":"Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids exhibit strong growth-inhibiting activities against Plasmodium falciparum and P. Berghei in vitro: structure activity relationships of dioncophylline C","volume":"90","author":"Fran\u00e7ois","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.11.2533","article-title":"Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids against malaria: evaluation of the curative potentials of dioncophylline C and dioncopeltine A against Plasmodium berghei in vivo","volume":"41","author":"Fran\u00e7ois","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360050318","article-title":"In vitro inhibition of liver forms of the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei by naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids \u2013 structure-activity relationships of dioncophyllines A and C and ancistrocladine","volume":"83","author":"Fran\u00e7ois","year":"1997","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.24425\/pjvs.2019.129230","article-title":"In vitro antioxidant and antibabesial activities of the extracts of Achillea millefolium","volume":"22","author":"Guz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pol. J. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.24425\/pjvs.2020.132761","article-title":"Inhibitory activities of essential oils against Babesia canis","volume":"23","author":"Guz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pol. J. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2015.09.014","article-title":"Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids potential drug leads","volume":"106","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-871216","article-title":"Anti-babesial compounds from Curcuma zedoaria","volume":"71","author":"Kasahara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2018.07.017","article-title":"Ancistroyafungines A-D, 5,8\u2019- and 5,1\u2019-coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids from a Congolese Ancistrocladus species, with antiausterity activities against human PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells","volume":"130","author":"Kavatsurwa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.01.045","article-title":"A review of the small canine piroplasms from California: babesia conradae in the literature","volume":"138","author":"Kjemtrup","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1039\/C9NP00024K","article-title":"Dimeric naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids: polyketide-derived axially chiral bioactive quateraryls","volume":"36","author":"Lombe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1515\/jvetres-2016-0063","article-title":"Occurrence of different strains of Babesia canis in dogs in eastern Poland","volume":"60","author":"\u0141yp","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.67.829","article-title":"Evaluation of the inhibitory activities of the extracts of Indonesian traditional medicinal plants against Plasmodium falciparum and Babesia gibsoni","volume":"67","author":"Murnigsih","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2000.00782.x","article-title":"Design of selfprocessing antimicrobial peptides for plant protection","volume":"31","author":"Powell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.08.022","article-title":"Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of fusidic acid on Babesia and Theileria parasites","volume":"191","author":"Salama","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v76i1.66","article-title":"Canine babesiosis","volume":"76","author":"Schoeman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1596-0","article-title":"A review of canine babesiosis: the European perspective","volume":"9","author":"Solano-Gallego","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.66.871","article-title":"Effects of central Kalimantan plant extracts on intraerythrocytic Babesia gibsoni in culture","volume":"66","author":"Subeki","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1021\/np0497245","article-title":"Anti-babesial and anti-plasmodial compounds from Phyllanthus niruri","volume":"68","author":"Subeki","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.67.223","article-title":"Antibabesial activity of protoberberine alkaloids and 20-hydroxyecdysone from Arcangelisia flava against Babesia gibsoni in culture","volume":"67","author":"Subeki","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-864136","article-title":"Anti-babesial activity of some Central Kalimantan plant extracts and active oligostilbenoids from Shorea balangeran","volume":"71","author":"Subeki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1021\/np070236h","article-title":"Screening of Indonesian medicinal plant extracts for antibabesial activity and isolation of new quassinoids from Brucea javanica","volume":"70","author":"Subeki","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1021\/np000091d","article-title":"Four new naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids from Ancistrocladus tectorius","volume":"63","author":"Tang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0235","first-page":"33","article-title":"Three groups of Babesia canis distinguished and a proposal for nomenclature","volume":"11","author":"Uilenberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Vet. Res. Forum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.01.048","article-title":"Chemotherapy against babesiosis","volume":"138","author":"Vial","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.80784","article-title":"Isolation of antibabesial compounds from Brucea javanica, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, and Excoecaria cochinchinensis","volume":"73","author":"Yamada","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177_bib0250","first-page":"549","article-title":"New localities of Dermacentor reticulatus tick (vector of Babesia canis canis) in central and eastern Poland","volume":"12","author":"Zygner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pol. J. Vet. Sci."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304401720301576?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304401720301576?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T01:34:42Z","timestamp":1759628082000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304401720301576"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0304401720301576"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-4017"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-4017","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids and their synthetic analogs as potent novel inhibitors against Babesia canis in vitro","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Parasitology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109177","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109177"}}